Abstract
Based on the up-to-date studies on relationship between crust fluids and strong earthquake activities both home and abroad, several aspects of search and illustrations were conducted and a hypothesis on seismogenic process in a hard interacalary strata in the crust and promoting earthquakes by a fluids (SPH-PEF) was presented. The points of the hypothesis are that there are two (upper and lower) fluid activity systems and a hard intercalary strata between them in the crust. The hard intercalary strata is the one in which geostress is accumulated and earthquake is developed. When the stress is cumulated to the yield strength at some places, the micro-crack (dilatancy) stages will begin and earthquake source entity will be formed. The fluids of lower fluid system are absorbed to source entity by suctionpumps, and results in the two correspondence synchronous mechanics processes, the enhancement of shear force and the weakness of resistance to shear stress, and finally leads to the equality between the shear force and the resistance to shear stress, and the occurrence of earthquake.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
An K S, Zhang X G, He S C. 1980. Geochemistry of Yangbajing geothermal field, Tibet. Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, (1): 14–18 (in Chinese)
Che Y T, Yu J Z, Wang J H. 1997a. Fluids in the crust and their roles in structure and earthquake activities. Recent Developments in World Seismology, (9): 1–8 (in Chinese)
Che Y T, Yu J Z, Gao W A. 1997b. Dilatation-thermal substance gushing mode of formation and evolution of precursor field at Tangshan earthquake. In: Institute of Geology, China Seismological Bureau ed. New Clues and Methodology of Earthquake Prediction (1998). Beijing: Seismological Press, 10–23 (in Chinese)
Che Y T, Wang J H, Lin Y W. 1998a. The subsurface fluid anomalies and tracing prediction before Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake. Seismology and Geology, 20(2): 99–104 (in Chinese)
Che Y T, Liu W Z, Yu J Z. 1998b. The relationships between crust fluids and earthquake activities and their signification in strong earthquake prediction. Seismology and Geology, 20(8): 8–12 (in Chinese)
Cox S F, 1995. Faulting processes at high fluid pressure: an example of fault valve behavior from the water gully fault, Victoria, Australia, JGRB, 100(7): 12841–12859
Ding J H, Chen X Z, Liu J. 1998. Earthquake prediction search and M s=6.2 Zhangbei earthquake. Earthquake, 18(3): 211–218 (in Chinese)
Guo Z J, Qin B Y. 1979. Focal Physics. Beijing: Seismological Press, 51–63, 167–168 (in Chinese)
Gupta H K, Sarma S V S. 1996. Seismologic and magnetotelluric studies revealed a low-velocity, high anomaly near the hypocenter of the 1993 Latur earthquake in India. Geophys Rese Lett, 23(13): 1569
КоэДовсиЙ E A ed-in-chief. 1988. Zhang Q S, Mao C Y trans. Kola Superdeep Borehole. Beijing: Publishing House of Geology, 189–199 (in Chinese)
Li W Y. 1996. Some advancement and trends of study of crust fluid in the countries of European Economic Community. Advancement of Geosciences, 3(4): 313–323 (in Chinese)
Lin Y W. 1994. Actions of temperature of geothermal reservoir on the weakness of fractures and its influence on earthquake activities. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 7(2): 321–330 (in Chinese)
Liu G D, Sun J, Liu J H. 1989. The conductivity of the crust and upper mantle of North China. In: Ma X Y ed-in-chief. Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China. Beijing: China Cartographic Publishing House, 60 (in Chinese)
Liu R X, Wei H Q, Li J T. 1995. Heaven pool (Tianchi) volcano of Changbai mountain. In Liu R X ed. Volcanic Activities and Human Environment. Beijing: Seismological Press, 1–13 (in Chinese)
Ma Z J. 1997. Prospect of study on mechanism and prediction of continental strong earthquakes. In: Institute of Geology, China Seismological Bureau ed. New Clues and Methodology of Earthquake Prediction (1998). Beijing: Seismological Press, 1–9 (in Chinese)
Mei S R. 1995. A study on physical modes and spatial-temporal distribution mechanism of precursor fields (1). Acta Seismologica Sinica, 8(3): 337–349 (in Chinese)
Myachkin V I, Brace W F, Sobolev G A. 1975. Two models for earthquake foreruuners. Pure Appl Geophy, 113(1–2): 169–182
National Research Council. 1990. The Role of Fluids in Crustal Processes. Washington: National Academy Press, 3–23, 114
Niu Z R. 1978. Precursor theory of structural earthquakes. Acta Geophysica Sinica, 21(3): 199–212 (in Chinese)
Nur A. 1972. Dilatancy, pore fluids and premonitory variations of t s/t p travel times. Bull Seism Soc Amer, 62(5): 1217–1222
Reid H F. 1910. The mechanism of the earthquake. The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906, Report of the State Earthquake Investigation Commission, 2. Washington D C: Carnegie Institution, 1–192
Robert F, Boullier A M, Firdaous K. 1995. Gold-quartz viens in metamorphic terranes and their bearing on the role of fluids in faulting. JGRB, 100(7): 12861–12879
Shangguan Z G, Du J K, Zang W. Geochemistry of present-day geothermal fluids at Tan-Lu fracture and Shangdong-Liaoning blocks. Sciences in China (D), 28(1): 23–29 (in Chinese)
Shen Z L, Zhong Z X, Wen D G. 1994. Advancement of geological fluids research. Advancement of Earth Sciences, 9(3): 43–47 (in Chinese)
Sun Z A, Sun T L, Jian C L. 1998. Characteristics of groundwater level regime anomalies in Beijing before Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake. Earthquake, 18(4): 367–372 (in Chinese)
Scholtz C H, Sykes L R, Aggrawal Y P. 1973. Earthquake prediction: a physical basis. Sciences, 181(4102): 803–809
Tang J, Zhao G Z, Wang J J. 1998. The variances of electric resistivity before and post Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake. Seismology and Geology, 20(2): 164–171 (in Chinese)
Wang J H, Lin Y W, Gao S S. 1998. Monitoring of fault CO2 at Huailai and short term prediction for Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake. Seismology and Geology, 20(2): 99–104 (in Chinese)
Wang J Y, Xong L P, Pang Z H. 1993. Convection Types of Geothermal System with Low-middle Temperature. Beijing: Sciences Press, 218 (in Chinese)
Whitcomb J H, Garmany J D, Anderson D L. 1973. Earthquake prediction: variation of seismic velocities before the San-fernando earthquake. Sciences, 180(4086): 632–635
Xu C F, Zhao G Z, Zhan Y. 1994. Formation of crust low velocity layers and relationship between it and earthquakes. In: Institute of Geology, China Seismological Bureau ed. Studies on Present-day Earth Dynamics and Their Applications. Beijing: Seismological Press, 100–107 (in Chinese)
Xu C F. 1996. Genesis of high conductivity layer in crust, Physical states and electric conductivity of bittern (2). Acta Seismologica Sinica, 9(3): 455–460 (in Chinese)
Xue F, Huang J W. 1989. Distribution of earthquake focal depth. In: Ma X Y ed. Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China. Beijing: China Geological Press, 25 (in Chinese)
Yu J Z, Che Y T, Liu W Z. 1998. CO2 releasing in crust and earthquake short and imminent predictions. Recent Developments in World Seismology, (8): 8–12 (in Chinese)
Zhao D F, Hiroo K, Hiraki N. 1996. Tomography of the source area of the 1995 Kobe earthquake: evideence for fluids at the hypocenter? Sciences, 274: 1891–1894
Zhao G Z, Liu G D, Zhan Y. 1998. Crust and upper mantle structures of Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake area and neighbour area. Seismology and Geology, 20(2): 155–163 (in Chinese)
Zhou S H, Deng W M, Xiang C Y. 1998. Advancement of studies on breeding environment in multiple earthquake layers. Seismology and Geology, 20(4): 443–453 (in Chinese)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This study was supported by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation (95-07-433).
About this article
Cite this article
Che, YT., Liu, WZ., Yu, JZ. et al. A hypothesis on seismogenic process in a hard interacalary strata in the crust and promoting earthquakes by fluids for intraplate strong earthquake. Acta Seimol. Sin. 13, 105–114 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-000-0088-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-000-0088-6