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Three-dimensional porous carbon skeleton supporting Si nanosheets as anode for high-performance lithium ion batteries

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Abstract

Si nanosheets (NSs) are synthesized by the arc-discharge plasma and successfully anchored onto the surface of porous carbon (PC) substrate via physical adhesion assisted with ultrasonic blending. The PC matrix is obtained by high-temperature calcination of the mixture of glucose and calcium carbonate, followed by acid washing for removal of the oxidization products. The contents of Si NSs loaded are fixed at Si/PC = 1:9, 3:7, and 5:5 (in mass), respectively. It is found that the anode with the optimum composition of 30 wt% Si NSs exhibits the best electrochemical performances, owing to a homogeneous dispersion of Si NSs on the PC substrate without severe aggregation, typically a stable discharge specific capacity of 1252 mAh·g−1 with the coulombic efficiency of 99.58% at the current density of 100 mA·g−1 after 100 cycles while retains the capacity of 850 mAh·g−1 even at a high current density of 1 A·g−1 after 800 cycles. In comparison with the entire Si NSs electrode, the best Si/PC composite anode shows two times higher in the capacity retention ability and the excellent rate performance, due to the electrical contribution and large specific surface/pore volume of the PC matrix, which also plays positive roles in mass infiltration of electrolyte and rapid transport/diffusion of electrons/Li+ ions inside the electrodes.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Nos. 51331006 and 51271044).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China

    Jingshuang Liang, Zhongyuan Zhang, Wenfei Yang, Yang Liu, Xue Zhang, Muhammad Javid & Xinglong Dong

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Daeharkro 53, Gumi, 730-701, South Korea

    Youngguan Jung

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  1. Jingshuang Liang
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  2. Zhongyuan Zhang
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Correspondence to Xinglong Dong.

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Liang, J., Zhang, Z., Yang, W. et al. Three-dimensional porous carbon skeleton supporting Si nanosheets as anode for high-performance lithium ion batteries. Ionics 26, 2233–2245 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-019-03409-3

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