Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fabrication of polyaniline nanorods on electro-etched carbon cloth and its electrochemical activities as electrode materials

Ionics volume 25, pages 2575–2584 (2019)Cite this article

Abstract

In this work, polyaniline (PANI) nanorods were deposited on electro-etched carbon cloth (EC) by facile electrodeposition method with the existence of purified aniline and sulfuric acid. Various deposition potentials were applied to achieve a good electrochemical performance of EC-PANI electrode. Different applied potentials resulted in different morphologies of PANI deposits and studied by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) characterizations were used to confirm the deposition of PANI on the EC substrate. The optimized PANI nanorods electrode exhibited an excellent specific capacitance of 357.14 Fg−1 with an energy density of 40.18 Wh kg−1 and a power density of 1.28 Wkg−1 at a current density of 0.5 Ag−1 in 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte. A symmetrical cell of P1.4//PVA + 0.5 M H2SO4//P1.4 has recorded a good cycling stability with 95 and 88% capacitance retention at current densities of 200 and 300 mAg−1. EC-PANI electrode can be used as a scalable solution for high-performance energy storage devices.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

USD 39.95

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

References

  1. Cheng Q, Tang J, Ma J, Zhang H, Shinya N, Qin L-C (2011) Polyaniline-coated electro-etched carbon fiber cloth electrodes for supercapacitors. J Phys Chem C 115(47):23584–23590. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp203852p

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Dirican M, Yanilmaz M, Zhang X (2014) Free-standing polyaniline-porous carbon nanofiber electrodes for symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors. RSC Adv 4(103):59427–59435. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA09103E

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Augustyn V, Simon P, Dunn B (2014) Pseudocapacitive oxide materials for high-rate electrochemical energy storage. Energy Environ Sci 7(5):1597–1614. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3EE44164D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Yan J, Wei T, Qiao W, Fan Z, Zhang L, Li T, Zhao Q (2010) A high-performance carbon derived from polyaniline for supercapacitors. Electrochem Commun 12(10):1279–1282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2010.06.037

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chen SM, Ramachandran R, Mani V, Saraswathi R (2014) Recent advancements in electrode materials for the high-performance electrochemical supercapacitors: a review. Int J Electrochem Sci 9(8):4072–4085

    Google Scholar 

  6. Xu M, Song Y, Ye Y, Gong C, Shen Y, Wang L, Wang L (2017) A novel flexible electrochemical glucose sensor based on gold nanoparticles/polyaniline arrays/carbon cloth electrode. Sensors Actuators B Chem 252:1187–1193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2017.07.147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Peng H, Ma G, Sun K, Mu J, Zhou X, Lei Z (2015) A novel fabrication of nitrogen-containing carbon nanospheres with high rate capability as electrode materials for supercapacitors. RSC Adv 5(16):12034–12042. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA11889H

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Jagadale AD, Dubal DP, Lokhande CD (2012) Electrochemical behavior of potentiodynamically deposited cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) thin films for supercapacitor application. Mater Res Bull 47(3):672–676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2011.12.029

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Chee WK, Lim HN, Zainal Z, Huang NM, Harrison I, Andou Y (2016) Flexible graphene-based supercapacitors: a review. J Phys Chem C 120(8):4153–4172. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10187

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ramya R, Sivasubramanian R, Sangaranarayanan MV (2013) Conducting polymers-based electrochemical supercapacitors—progress and prospects. Electrochim Acta 101:109–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2012.09.116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Snook GA, Kao P, Best AS (2011) Conducting-polymer-based supercapacitor devices and electrodes. J Power Sources 196(1):1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.06.084

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Chen W, Rakhi RB, Alshareef HN (2013) Facile synthesis of polyaniline nanotubes using reactive oxide templates for high energy density pseudocapacitors. J Mater Chem A 1(10):3315–3324. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3TA00499F

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Shown I, Ganguly A, Chen L-C, Chen K-H (2015) Conducting polymer-based flexible supercapacitor. Energy Sci Eng 3(1):2–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.50

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Xinping H, Bo G, Guibao W, Jiatong W, Chun Z (2013) A new nanocomposite: carbon cloth based polyaniline for an electrochemical supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 111:210–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.226

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Zhou G, Li F, Cheng H-M (2014) Progress in flexible lithium batteries and future prospects. Energy Environ Sci 7(4):1307–1338. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3EE43182G

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Zhang L, Zhao G, Wang Y (2013) Polyaniline nanowire electrodes with high capacitance synthesized by a simple approach. Mater Sci Eng C 33(1):209–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2012.08.032

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Zhao G-Y, Li H-L (2008) Preparation of polyaniline nanowire arrayed electrodes for electrochemical supercapacitors. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 110(2):590–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.06.023

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Rusi, Majid SR (2013) Synthesis of MnO2 particles under slow cooling process and their capacitive performances. Mater Lett 108:69–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2013.06.069

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Zhou Z, Zhang X, Lu C, Lan L, Yuan G (2014) Polyaniline-decorated cellulose aerogel nanocomposite with strong interfacial adhesion and enhanced photocatalytic activity. RSC Adv 4(18):8966–8972. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3RA46441E

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Guo F, Ye K, Huang X, Gao Y, Cheng K, Wang G, Cao D (2015) Palladium dispersed in three-dimensional polyaniline networks as the catalyst for hydrogen peroxide electro-reduction in an acidic medium. RSC Adv 5(114):94008–94015. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA19478D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Ding L, Li Q, Zhou D, Cui H, An H, Zhai J (2012) Modification of glassy carbon electrode with polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite: application to electro-reduction of bromate. J Electroanal Chem 668:44–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.12.018

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Bláha M, Trchová M, Bober P, Morávková Z, Zujovic ZD, Filippov SK, Prokeš J, Pilař J, Stejskal J (2017) Structure and properties of polyaniline interacting with H-phosphonates. Synth Met 232:79–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2017.07.022

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Tao S, Hong B, Kerong Z (2007) An infrared and Raman spectroscopic study of polyanilines co-doped with metal ions and H+. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 66(4):1364–1368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2006.08.011

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Trchová M, Šeděnková I, Konyushenko EN, Stejskal J, Holler P, Ćirić-Marjanović G (2006) Evolution of polyaniline nanotubes: the oxidation of aniline in water. J Phys Chem B 110(19):9461–9468. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp057528g

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Venancio EC, Wang P-C, MacDiarmid AG (2006) The azanes: a class of material incorporating nano/micro self-assembled hollow spheres obtained by aqueous oxidative polymerization of aniline. Synth Met 156(5):357–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2005.08.035

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Saranya K, Rameez M, Subramania A (2015) Developments in conducting polymer based counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells – an overview. Eur Polym J 66:207–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.01.049

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Patil DS, Pawar SA, Devan RS, Ron Ma Y, Ri Bae W, Hyeok Kim J, Patil PS (2014) Improved electrochemical performance of activated carbon/polyaniline composite electrode. Mater Lett 117:248–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2013.11.129

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Miao Y-E, Fan W, Chen D, Liu T (2013) High-performance supercapacitors based on hollow polyaniline nanofibers by electrospinning. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5(10):4423–4428. https://doi.org/10.1021/am4008352

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Gómez H, Ram MK, Alvi F, Villalba P, Stefanakos E, Kumar A (2011) Graphene-conducting polymer nanocomposite as novel electrode for supercapacitors. J Power Sources 196(8):4102–4108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.11.002

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Umeshbabu E, Rajeshkhanna G, Justin P, Rao GR (2015) Synthesis of mesoporous NiCo2O4–rGO by a solvothermal method for charge storage applications. RSC Adv 5(82):66657–66666. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA11239G

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Adhikari H, Ghimire M, Ranaweera CK, Bhoyate S, Gupta RK, Alam J, Mishra SR (2017) Synthesis and electrochemical performance of hydrothermally synthesized Co3O4 nanostructured particles in presence of urea. J Alloys Compd 708:628–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.03.056

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Randles JEB (1948) A cathode ray polarograph. Part II.-the current-voltage curves. Trans Faraday Soc 44(0):327–338. https://doi.org/10.1039/TF9484400327

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Ma J, Tang S, Syed JA, Meng X (2016) Asymmetric hybrid capacitors based on novel bearded carbon fiber cloth-pinhole polyaniline electrodes with excellent energy density. RSC Adv 6(86):82995–83002. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA16291F

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Wang L, Yang H, Pan G, Miao L, Chen S, Song Y (2017) Polyaniline-carbon nanotubes@ zeolite imidazolate framework­67-carbon cloth hierarchical nanostructures for supercapacitor electrode. Electrochim Acta 240:16–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.035

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Zhang YX, Huang M, Li F, Wang XL, Wen ZQ (2014) One-pot synthesis of hierarchical MnO2-modified diatomites for electrochemical capacitor electrodes. J Power Sources 246:449–456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.07.115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Chen Y, Wang J-W, Shi X-C, Chen B-Z (2013) Pseudocapacitive characteristics of manganese oxide anodized from manganese coating electrodeposited from aqueous solution. Electrochim Acta 109:678–683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.174

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Zhang H, Cao G, Wang W, Yuan K, Xu B, Zhang W, Cheng J, Yang Y (2009) Influence of microstructure on the capacitive performance of polyaniline/carbon nanotube array composite electrodes. Electrochim Acta 54(4):1153–1159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.09.004

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Vello TP, de Oliveira RF, Silva GO, de Camargo DHS, Bufon CCB (2017) A simple capacitive method to evaluate ethanol fuel samples. Sci Rep 7:43432. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43432 https://www.nature.com/articles/srep43432#supplementary-information

  39. Zheng Y-Z, Ding H-Y, Zhang M-L (2009) Preparation and electrochemical properties of nickel oxide as a supercapacitor electrode material. Mater Res Bull 44(2):403–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2008.05.002

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This project was funded by University Malaya Research Grant (FG034-AFR17).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    S. A. Razali & S. R. Majid

  2. International University of Malaya-Wales, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Rusi

Authors
  1. S. A. Razali
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rusi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. R. Majid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. R. Majid.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Razali, S.A., Rusi & Majid, S.R. Fabrication of polyaniline nanorods on electro-etched carbon cloth and its electrochemical activities as electrode materials. Ionics 25, 2575–2584 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2809-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2809-7

Keywords

search

Navigation