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Optimization of LiFePO4 cathode material based on phosphorus doped graphite network structure for lithium ion batteries

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Abstract

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) has been recommended as a hopeful cathode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) in the future due to its lots of advantages, such as stable operating voltage, excellent cycle performance, controllable cost, and environmental protection. However, pure LiFePO4 (LFP) shows bad reversible capacity and charge/discharge performance at high rate. Many methods including decrease of particle size, optimization of coating carbon, introduction of conductive polymer, and doping of metal or non-metallic element have been developed to improve the electrochemical performance of LFP cathode material. In this study, LFP/C-P composite cathodes were prepared successfully by a facile sol-gel approach that graphite was used to generate a carbon network structure and triphenylphosphine was used to greatly facilitate generation of a network connecting passage. Electrochemical test results show that LFP/C-P composite cathode has achieved a remarkable improvement in capacity and apparent ascension in rate performance. Compared with LFP, LFP/C, and LFP-P cathode, LFP/C-P composite material shows the best electrochemical performance with a discharge capacity of 168.8 mAh g−1 and a remarkable retention rate of 98.8% over 100 cycles at 0.1 C.

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Funding

This work is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21566021 and 21766017), the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Gansu Institutions of Higher Education (No. 2017D-04), and the Supporting Plan for Youth Innovative Talents of Longyuan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China

    Chunlei Li, Yingchun Xie, Ningshuang Zhang, Ling Ai, Youwei Liang, Kuanyou Tuo & Shiyou Li

  2. Gansu Engineering Laboratory of Cathode Material for Lithium-ion Battery, Lanzhou, 730050, China

    Chunlei Li, Yingchun Xie, Ningshuang Zhang, Ling Ai, Youwei Liang, Kuanyou Tuo & Shiyou Li

  3. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China

    Xiushen Ye, Guofeng Jia & Shiyou Li

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  1. Chunlei Li
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  2. Yingchun Xie
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  4. Ling Ai
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  8. Guofeng Jia
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  9. Shiyou Li
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Correspondence to Shiyou Li.

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Li, C., Xie, Y., Zhang, N. et al. Optimization of LiFePO4 cathode material based on phosphorus doped graphite network structure for lithium ion batteries. Ionics 25, 927–937 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2744-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2744-7

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