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A novel application for oil palm empty fruit bunch: extraction and modification of cellulose for solid polymer electrolyte

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Abstract

Biopolymer-based materials from renewable sources are the core target of the researchers in modern time. Following this motivation, we have developed solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) from empty fruit branch (EFB) of oil palm. The cellulose was extracted from EFB and modified to carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by its reaction with monochloroacetic acid in a strongly alkaline medium. The samples were characterized by FTIR, 13C NMR, and XRD to confirm the presence of different functional groups, new connectivity, and crystalline/amorphous nature of the materials, respectively. The CMC-based SPEs were fabricated by blending it with different quantities of lithium iodide (LiI) as dopant. The existence of polymer-salt interactions was revealed by FTIR analysis. The maximum ionic conductivity of 5.58 × 10−3 S cm−1 was observed on sample containing 65 wt% LiI with the lowest activation energy of 0.249 eV.

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Funding

The study was supported by a financial grant from the University of Malaya (FG031-17AFR).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanomaterials for Energy and Environment Laboratory (LN2E), Faculty of Science Semlalia Marrakesh (FSSM), University of Cadi Ayyad, 40009, Marrakesh, Morocco

    C. Naceur Abouloula & A. Oueriagli

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    C. Naceur Abouloula, M. Rizwan, V. Selvanathan, C. I. Abdullah, A. Hassan & R. Yahya

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  1. C. Naceur Abouloula
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  2. M. Rizwan
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  3. V. Selvanathan
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  4. C. I. Abdullah
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  5. A. Hassan
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  6. R. Yahya
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Correspondence to R. Yahya.

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Naceur Abouloula, C., Rizwan, M., Selvanathan, V. et al. A novel application for oil palm empty fruit bunch: extraction and modification of cellulose for solid polymer electrolyte. Ionics 24, 3827–3836 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2558-7

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