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Improved structural stability and electrochemical performance of Na3V2 (PO4)3 cathode material by Cr doping

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Abstract

Cr-doped sodium vanadium phosphate (NVP) in the form of Na3V2-xCrx(PO4)3 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.10) is synthesized via a facile sol-gel route as cathode materials for sodium ion batteries. The structure and morphology of these materials are systematically characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-infrared spectra (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD analysis reveals that with the increasing amount of Cr, the crystallographic parameters show a descending trend. Electrochemical tests show that the cycle stability and the specific capacity of the sodium ion batteries can be significantly improved by doping Cr into NVP. Among all the Cr-doped cathode materials, Na3V1.92Cr0.08(PO4)3 achieves the highest capacity of 112.2 mAh g−1 and the capacity retention is 97.2 % after 50 cycles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that Cr doping is an effective method to reduce the contact resistance of interparticles by suppressing irreversible phase transformation at low sodium contents.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21403153), and the Science and Technology Plans of Tianjin (No. 15PTSYJC00230, 16JCTPJC45200).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin, 300387, People’s Republic of China

    Yanli Ruan

  2. School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, People’s Republic of China

    Yanli Ruan, Kun Wang, Shidong Song & Jingjing Liu

  3. Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Yanli Ruan

  4. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People’s Republic of China

    Xu Han

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  1. Yanli Ruan
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  2. Kun Wang
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Correspondence to Yanli Ruan.

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Ruan, Y., Wang, K., Song, S. et al. Improved structural stability and electrochemical performance of Na3V2 (PO4)3 cathode material by Cr doping. Ionics 23, 1097–1105 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-016-1919-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-016-1919-3

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