Abstract
The present paper studies a kind of robust optimization problems with constraint. The problem is formulated through Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (BSDEs) with quadratic generators. A necessary condition is established for the optimal solution using a terminal perturbation method and properties of Bounded Mean Oscillation (BMO) martingales. The necessary condition is further proved to be sufficient for the existence of an optimal solution under an additional convexity assumption. Finally, the optimality condition is applied to discuss problems of partial hedging with ambiguity, fundraising under ambiguity and randomized testing problems for a quadratic g-expectation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barrieu, P., El Karoui, N.: Monotone stability of quadratic semimartingales with applications to unbounded general quadratic BSDEs. Ann. Probab. 41, 1831–1863 (2013)
Bernard, C., Ji, S., Tian, W.: An optimal insurance design problem under Knightian uncertainty. Dec. Econ. Finan. 36(2), 99–124 (2013)
Bordigoni, G., Matoussi, A., Schweizer, M.: A stochastic control approach to a robust utility maximization problem. In: Stochastic Analysis and Applications (pp. 125–151). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2007)
Briand, P., Elie, R.: A simple constructive approach to quadratic BSDEs with or without delay. Stoch. Process. Appl. 123, 2921–2939 (2013)
Chen, Z., Epstein, L.: Ambiguity, risk, and asset returns in continuous time. Econometrica 70(4), 1403–1443 (2002)
Chen, Z., Kulperger, R.: Minimax pricing and Choquet pricing. Insur.: Math. Econ. 38(3), 518–528 (2006)
Chen, Z., Chen, T., Davison, M.: Choquet expectation and Peng’s g-expectation. Ann. Probab. 33(3), 1179–1199 (2005)
Cong, J., Tan, K.S., Weng, C.: Conditional value-at-risk-based optimal partial hedging. J. Risk 16(3), 49–83 (2014)
Cong, J., Tan, K.S., Weng, C.: VaR-based optimal partial hedging. Astin Bull. 43(03), 271–299 (2013)
Cvitanic, J., Karatzas, I.: Generalized Neyman–Pearson lemma via convex duality. Bernoulli 7, 79–97 (2001)
Delbaen, F., Peng, S., Rosazza Gianin, E.: Representation of the penalty term of dynamic concave utilities. Finance Stoch. 14(3), 449–472 (2010)
El Karoui, N., Peng, S., Quenez, M.C.: A dynamic maximum principle for the optimization of recursive utilities under constraints. Ann. Appl. Probab. 664–693 (2001)
Embrechts, P., Schied, A., Wang, R.: Robustness in the optimization of risk measures. Oper. Res. 70(1), 95–110 (2022)
Faidi, W., Matoussi, A., Mnif, M.: Maximization of recursive utilities. A dynamic maximum principle approach. SIAM J. Financ. Math. 2, 1014–1041 (2011)
Faidi, W., Mezghanni, H., Mnif, M.: Expected utility maximization problem under state constraints and model uncertainty. J. Optim. Theory Appl. 183(3), 1123–52 (2019)
Föllmer, H., Schied, A., Weber, S.: Robust preferences and robust portfolio choice. In: Ciarlet, P., Bensoussan, A., Zhang, Q. (eds.) Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Methods in Finance, vol. 15, pp. 29–88. Handbook of Numerical Analysis (2009)
Föllmer, H., Leukert, P.: Quantile hedging. Financ. Stoch. 3(3), 251–273 (1999)
He, K., Hu, M., Chen, Z.: The relationship between risk measures and choquet expectations in the framework of g-expectations. Stat. Probab. Lett. 79(4), 508–512 (2009)
Ji, S.: Dual method for continuous-time Markowitz’s problems with nonlinear wealth equations. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 366(1), 90–100 (2010)
Ji, S., Peng, S.: Terminal perturbation method for the backward approach to continuous time mean-variance portfolio selection. Stoch. Process. Appl. 118(6), 952–967 (2008)
Ji, S., Zhou, X.Y.: A maximum principle for stochastic optimal control with terminal state constraints, and its applications. Commun. Inf. Syst. 6(4), 321–338 (2006)
Ji, S., Zhou, X.Y.: A generalized Neyman–Pearson lemma for g-probabilities. Probab. Theory Relat. Fields 148(3–4), 645–669 (2010)
Jiang, L.: Convexity, translation invariance and subadditivity for G-expectations and related risk measures. Ann. Appl. Probab. 18(1), 245–258 (2008)
Kazamaki, N.: Continuous exponential martingales and BMO. In: Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1570. Springer, Berlin (1994)
Kobylanski, M.: Backward stochastic differential equations and partial differential equations with quadratic growth. Ann. Probab. 28(2), 558–602 (2000)
Kulldorff, M.: Optimal control of favorable games with a time limit. SIAM J. Control. Optim. 31, 52–69 (1993)
Kupper, M., Schachermayer, W.: Representation results for law invariant time consistent functions. Math. Financ. Econ. 2(3), 189–210 (2009)
Ma, J., Yao, S.: On quadratic \(g\)-evaluation/expectations and related analysis. Stoch. Anal. Appl. 28(4), 711–734 (2010)
Melnikov, A., Smirnov, I.: Dynamic hedging of conditional value-at-risk. Insur.: Math. Econ. 51(1), 182–190 (2012)
Peng, S.: Backward SDE and related g-expectation. Backward stochastic differential equations. Pitman Res. Notes Math. 364, 141–159 (1997)
Peng, S.: Nonlinear, expectations, nonlinear evaluations, measures, risk. In: Stochastic Methods in Finance. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 2004. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (1856)
Rosazza Gianin, E.: Risk measures via g-expectations. Insur.: Math. Econ. 39(1), 19–34 (2006)
Rudloff, B.: Convex hedging in incomplete markets. Appl. Math. Financ. 14(5), 437–452 (2007)
Schied, A.: Risk measures and robust optimization problems. Stoch. Model. 22, 753–831 (2006)
Schroder, M., Skiadas, C.: Optimal lifetime consumption-portfolio strategies under trading constraints and generalized recursive preferences. Stoch. Process. Appl. 108(2), 155–202 (2003)
Sekine, J.: Dynamic minimization of worst conditional expectation of shortfall. Math. Financ. 14, 605–618 (2004)
Skiadas, C.: Robust control and recursive utility. Financ. Stoch. 7, 475–489 (2003)
Yong, J., Zhou, X.Y.: Stochastic Controls: Hamiltonian Systems and HJB Equations. Springer (1999)
Acknowledgements
We are highly grateful to Prof. Chengguo Weng for his helpful suggestions and comments. The authors moreover thank two anonymous referees for their helpful remarks and comments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through grant RGPIN-2017-04054. Peng Luo gratefully acknowledges the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12101400). Xiaole Xue gratefully acknowledges the support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12001316), “The Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University”.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Luo, P., Schied, A. & Xue, X. The perturbation method applied to a robust optimization problem with constraint. Math Finan Econ (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11579-024-00358-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11579-024-00358-y