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Nephrotisches Syndrom

Minimal-Change-Glomerulopathie und Fokal-Segmentale Glomerulosklerose

Nephrotic Syndrome

Minimal Change Disease and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

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Zusammenfassung

Minimal-Change-Nephropathie („minimal change disease“, MCD) und fokal-segmentale Glomerulosklerose (FSGS) sind histopathologisch definierte Podozytopathien, die sich klinisch als nephrotisches Syndrom manifestieren. Während die MCD vor allem bei Kindern auftritt und meist benigne verläuft, zeigt die FSGS eine höhere Prävalenz bei Erwachsenen und oftmals einen gleichzeitigen Verlust der Nierenfunktion bis hin zur terminalen Niereninsuffizienz. Primäre und sekundäre FSGS sind hinsichtlich Ätiologie, Klinik und Therapieoptionen erheblich differierende Erkrankungen [1, 2]. Bezüglich der Pathogenese von MCD und FSGS haben sich in den letzten Jahren neue Hypothesen etabliert, welche in die klinische Diagnostik noch nicht Einzug gehalten haben, jedoch langfristig zu einem besseren Verständnis der Erkrankungen und möglicherweise zu neuen Therapieansätzen beitragen könnten.

Abstract

Minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are histopathologically defined podocytopathies which are clinically manifested as nephrotic syndrome. While MCD is most commonly seen in children and usually exhibits a benign clinical course, FSGS has a higher prevalence in adult patients and often leads to a deterioration of renal function possibly resulting in end-stage renal disease. Primary and secondary FSGS differ substantially concerning etiology, clinical presentation and therapy [1, 2]. New hypotheses have been established in recent years regarding the pathogenesis of MCD and FSGS but have not yet been incorporated into clinical diagnostics. However, these insights might translate into a better understanding of these diseases in the long run and possibly contribute to new therapeutic approaches.

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Correspondence to T. B. Huber or J. F. Grünewald.

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J. F. Grünewald und T. B. Huber geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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J. Floege, Aachen

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Huber, T.B., Grünewald, J.F. Nephrotisches Syndrom. Nephrologe 11, 106–115 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11560-015-0018-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11560-015-0018-1

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