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Reflections on Canalisporium, with descriptions of new species and records from Taiwan

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Abstract

Several Canalisporium species collected from freshwater habitats in Taiwan are described and illustrated. These include six new species and four new records for Taiwan, namely, C. caribense, C. elegans, C. jinghongense, C. kenyense, C. macrosporum sp. nov., C. nanhuaense sp. nov., C. parvum sp. nov., C. paulopallidum sp. nov., C. taiwanense sp. nov., and C. waffleum sp. nov. Based on a re-examination of the type specimens, the placement of C. nigrum in Canalisporium was verified, but C. microsporum was found to be previously misidentified. The latter was renamed as Trimmatostroma canalisporioides. Other Canalisporium species not collected in Taiwan are briefly discussed. The phylogenetic relationship of Canalisporium species was sought among representative taxa from related fungal familiar lineages, namely, the Conioscyphaceae, Fuscosporellaceae, Pleurotheciaceae, and Savoryellaceae, by comparing the sequences of their nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS barcode). Identification of Canalisporium species accepted in this paper is based on phylogenetic relationship and morphological comparison, plus some statistical analyses. A key to the 21 accepted species of Canalisporium is given. A composite diagram of conidial morphology of these species is provided to ease identification. Separation of Canalisporium species into two major groups based on conidial morphology with phylogenetic support is discussed.

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Data availability

The authors declare that all data and materials as well as any software application or custom code support their published claims and comply with field standards. Holotype specimens of fungal taxa were deposited in the Herbarium (Herbarium Code: TNM) at the National Museum of Natural Science (NMNS), Taichung, Taiwan. Ex-type living cultures were deposited at the Bioresource Collection and Research Centre (BCRC), Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan. Other dried specimens and cultures were deposited at the Department of Plant Medicine, National Chiayi University (NCYU), Chiayi, Taiwan. All the fungal DNA sequences generated from the present study were deposited in NCBI GenBank and the accession numbers are given in Table 1.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Prof. Lei Cai and the Herbarium of Mycology, Academia Sinica (HMAS) for the loan of Canalisporium microsporum and C. nigrum type specimens. We are grateful to Dr. Jie-Hao Ou for his constructive opinion regarding the phylogenetic analysis of fungi. Mr. Liang-Yung Chen and Mr. Chiao-Chih Chien are thanked for their technical assistance in collecting plant materials in the field. Mr. Danushka Tennakoon is thanked for contributing his Taiwan collection of Canalisporium elegans (NCYU-TW004-1) to this paper. Thanks are extended to Ms Shing-Yu Lin and Ms Hsin-Yi Peng for general technical support.

CRediT taxonomy

  • Conceptualization: Teik-Khiang Goh and Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Specimen collections: Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Incubation of specimens: Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Identification of fungi: Teik-Khiang Goh and Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Loan of type materials: Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Phylogenetic analysis: Teik-Khiang Goh and Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Statistical analysis: Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Deposition of specimens at Herbarium: [Chang-Hsin Kuo]

  • Deposition of living cultures at Culture Collection Center: Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Funding acquisition: Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Laboratory resources and facilities: Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Supervision: Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Writing - original draft preparation: Teik-Khiang Goh

  • Writing - review and editing: Teik-Khiang Goh and Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Final proofreading: Chang-Hsin Kuo

  • Submission and correspondence: Chang-Hsin Kuo

Funding

This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (Grant Number 108-2621-B-415-001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Medicine, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan

    Teik-Khiang Goh & Chang-Hsin Kuo

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  1. Teik-Khiang Goh
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  2. Chang-Hsin Kuo
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Funding and resources were secured and provided by Chang-Hsin Kuo. Specimen collections and material preparation were performed by Chang-Hsin Kuo. Identification of fungi was performed by Teik-Khiang Goh and Chang-Hsin Kuo. The first draft of the manuscript was written by the first author [Teik-Khiang Goh]. The second author [Chang-Hsin Kuo] commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Chang-Hsin Kuo.

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Goh, TK., Kuo, CH. Reflections on Canalisporium, with descriptions of new species and records from Taiwan. Mycol Progress 20, 647–680 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01689-6

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