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Molecular phylogenetic analyses show that Amanita ovoidea and Amanita proxima are distinct species and suggest their assignment to Roanokenses section

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Abstract

Amanita ovoidea is generally considered edible and is morphologically similar to Amanita proxima that contains nephrotoxins. Both species were assigned to Amanita section Amidella. To study their phylogenetic relationships, we performed nrITS- and RPB2-based analyses of these and other Amanita species. Our analyses show that (i) A. ovoidea and A. proxima are distinct species; (ii) A. ovoidea has an extensively heterogeneous ITS with up to 4.4% pairwise genetic distance between individuals; (iii) in A. ovoidea, pairwise genetic distance between ITS clones from a single basidiome was as high as 3.2%, possibly because of hybridization events and subsequent failure of the rDNA repeats to homogenize; (iv) A. aminoaliphatica and A. proxima are taxonomic synonyms; and (v) A. proxima and A. ovoidea cluster with species belonging to section Roanokenses rather than with those of section Amidella sensu stricto. This study supports the development of species-specific markers for diagnosis of the toxic and the edible species here examined.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Elena Salerni, Lisa Martelli, and Diego Cantini for their collaboration and Salvatore Curreli, Emidio Borghi, and Ursula Peintner for providing fruiting bodies and express their gratitude to Dr. Denis Benjamin for assisting with citations of literature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (Perugia Division) – CNR, Via Madonna Alta n. 130, 06128, Perugia, Italy

    Claudia Riccioni & Francesco Paolocci

  2. Herbarium Amanitarum Rooseveltensis, P. O. Box 57, Roosevelt, NJ, 08555-0057, USA

    R. E. Tulloss

  3. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA

    R. E. Tulloss

  4. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy

    Claudia Perini

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  1. Claudia Riccioni
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  2. Francesco Paolocci
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  4. Claudia Perini
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Correspondence to Claudia Riccioni.

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Riccioni, C., Paolocci, F., Tulloss, R.E. et al. Molecular phylogenetic analyses show that Amanita ovoidea and Amanita proxima are distinct species and suggest their assignment to Roanokenses section. Mycol Progress 18, 1275–1283 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-019-01521-2

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