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Transatlantic disjunction in fleshy fungi. II. The Sparassis spathulata – S. brevipes complex

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Abstract

Taxo-nomenclaturally, transatlantic disjunctions among fleshy fungi take two forms: 1) the same name is used on both continents, but the phylotaxonomic congruity of the organisms is questionable; and 2) different names are used, but whether they refer to the same or different organisms is questionable. This paper takes up an example of the latter case, where the European representative is known as Sparassis brevipes (or S. nemecii) and the American as S. spathulata (or S. herbstii). Phylogenetic placement shows that European and North American entities differ and that different names are appropriate. The study further shows that S. nemecii is a morphological variant of S. brevipes and that S. herbstii likewise appears to be a morphological variant of S. spathulata. In order to bring taxonomic stability to this taxonomic complex, S. brevipes is typified, epitypes are designated for S. nemecii and S. spathulata, and all taxa are redescribed. Two new combinations are proposed: S. brevipes f. nemecii and S. spathulata f. herbstii.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks are offered to Henning Knudsen and Leif Ryvarden for information concerning Scandinavian herbarium specimens; Roy Halling for library research on Herman Jahn; Ellen Larsson for a pdf file of Fries’ thesis publication; Martin Ryberg for translation of Fries’s protologue; Jan Holec for facilitating a loan (and additional advice) from PRM; Egon Horak for facilitating a loan from IB; Richard Baird, Steve Roberts, Christine Braaten, and members of the Gulf States Mycological Society who donated fresh specimens of S. spathulata. Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber facilitated the loan of herbarium specimens from WU; Dagmar Triebel arranged a loan of specimens from M, and Michal Tomšovský furnished a specimen of S. brevipes associated with Quercus from the Czech Republic. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their careful reviews. The work of Jan Borovička was supported by the Long-term Development Projects RVO61389005 and RVO67985831. Other research was supported by NSF DEB–1144974 R.H.Petersen, B. O’Meara, and K. Hughes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996-1100, USA

    Ronald H. Petersen, Ana Reboredo Segovia & Karen W. Hughes

  2. Institute of Geology, v.v.i, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 269, 16500, Prague 6, Czech Republic

    Jan Borovička

  3. Nuclear Physics Institute, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Řež 130, 250 68, Řež near Prague, Czech Republic

    Jan Borovička

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  1. Ronald H. Petersen
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  2. Jan Borovička
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  3. Ana Reboredo Segovia
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  4. Karen W. Hughes
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Correspondence to Ronald H. Petersen.

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Petersen, R.H., Borovička, J., Segovia, A.R. et al. Transatlantic disjunction in fleshy fungi. II. The Sparassis spathulata – S. brevipes complex. Mycol Progress 14, 30 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-015-1049-8

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