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Tropical truffles: English translation and critical review of F. von Höhnel’s truffles from Java

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Abstract

Truffles are a polyphyletic group of more than 75 genera dispersed among four major fungal lineages, the Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Glomeromycota, and Zygomycota. Only about 20 truffle species are known from tropical Asia and most are endemic. In 1907–1908, the Austrian botanist and mycologist Franz von Höhnel collected and described five new species of truffles from the island of Java, Indonesia. From three of these five collections, the only existing materials are microscope slides preserved at the Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany at Harvard University. The other two collections consist of small packets of fungal material. Considering the high rate of endemism on Java coupled with the destruction of many of the island's natural ecosystems, it is important to preserve and review the remaining collections of these fungi. To facilitate studies of tropical Asian truffles, we critically reexamine von Höhnel's Javanese truffle collections and translate his German descriptions and commentaries into English. As part of this review, Sphaerocreas javanicum Höhn. is synonymized with Glomus coremioides (Berk. & Broome) D. Redecker & J.B. Morton, and Gymnomyces javanicus (Henn.) M.E. Sm. & Schmull is proposed as a new combination for Hydnangium javanicum Henn.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Donald H. Pfister (FH), James M. Trappe and three anonymous reviewers for providing critical reviews of the manuscript, Donald H. Pfister for providing additional information about the von Höhnel collection, the Archives of the Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany and the Harvard University Herbarium library staff for facilitating access to key literature, Henricus Sipman [B] as well as Anna-Lena Anderberg and Anders Tehler [S] for providing type specimens of Hydnangium javanicum Henn. and Corditubera staudtii Henn., and the Harvard University Herbarium for providing fellowship funding for M. E. Smith.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Farlow Herbarium, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02143, USA

    Matthew E. Smith & Michaela Schmull

  2. Department of Biology, Duke University, 125 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA

    Matthew E. Smith

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  1. Matthew E. Smith
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  2. Michaela Schmull
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Correspondence to Matthew E. Smith.

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Taxonomic novelties: Gymnomyces javanicus (Henn.) M.E.Sm. & Schmull, comb. nov.

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Smith, M.E., Schmull, M. Tropical truffles: English translation and critical review of F. von Höhnel’s truffles from Java. Mycol Progress 10, 249–260 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-010-0694-1

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