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Hitzeextreme in der Stadt

Wie vulnerabel sind Hochaltrige, Kleinkinder und sozial Benachteiligte?

Extreme heat in the city

How vulnerable are the elderly, young children and socially disadvantaged people?

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Der Klimawandel ist auch in Deutschland mit einer Zunahme hitzeassoziierter Morbidität und Mortalität verbunden.

Ziel

Zur Priorisierung von Präventionsstrategien interessiert, welche Bevölkerungsgruppen, zu denen Routinedaten in Kommunen vorliegen, besonders betroffen sind. Daher wurde untersucht, inwieweit sich für die Gruppen der Hochaltrigen, Kleinkinder und sozial Benachteiligten in systematischen Reviews Hinweise für gesundheitliche Gefährdungen in Hitzeperioden finden lassen.

Methode

Es wurde eine systematischen Literaturrecherche in der Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE und CINAHL durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung

Es wurden 7 systematische Übersichtsarbeiten identifiziert, die den Zusammenhang von Hitzeereignissen oder einer hohen Außentemperatur und gesundheitlichen Risiken bei mindestens einer der Bevölkerungsgruppen untersuchten. Es liegen eindeutige, auch auf Deutschland übertragbare, Hinweise für eine erhöhte Betroffenheit älterer Menschen vor. Die Ergebnislage zur hitzemitbedingten Morbidität und Mortalität bei Kleinkindern wird als inkonsistent bewertet. Es lässt sich kein eindeutiger Trend einer stärkeren Anfälligkeit gegenüber erhöhten Temperaturen unter sozial Benachteiligten zeigen.

Abstract

Background

Climate change will also increase heat-related morbidity and mortality in Germany.

Objective

To prioritize prevention strategies, it is important to know which population groups are most at risk during heat waves. Therefore, it was explored the extent to which systematic reviews found heat-related health problems in the elderly, young children and socially disadvantaged people.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE and CINAHL.

Results and conclusions

Seven systematic reviews investigating the relationship between heat events or high ambient temperature and health in at least one of the groups were identified. There are clear indications of an increased vulnerability of older adults that are also transferable to Germany. The findings across studies on the impact of heat on morbidity and mortality in young children are inconsistent. There is no clear trend that socially disadvantaged people are more highly affected by high temperatures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fachbereich Pflege und Gesundheit, Hochschule Fulda, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037, Fulda, Deutschland

    C. Wöhl, B. Blättner, D. Reisacher & H. A. Grewe

Authors
  1. C. Wöhl
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  2. B. Blättner
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  3. D. Reisacher
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  4. H. A. Grewe
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Wöhl.

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Interessenkonflikt

C. Wöhl, B. Blättner und H.A. Grewe sind in einem Projekt im Auftrag des Hessischen Landesamtes für Naturschutz, Umwelt und Geologie tätig, in dem Empfehlungen für Kommunen entwickelt werden.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Wöhl, C., Blättner, B., Reisacher, D. et al. Hitzeextreme in der Stadt. Präv Gesundheitsf 15, 102–106 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11553-019-00719-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11553-019-00719-2

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