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Usefulness of X-ray dark-field imaging in the evaluation of local recurrence after nipple-sparing mastectomy

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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Our previous study suggests that the cross-sectional morphology of ducts and branching of ducts in the nipple are associated with the presence of breast cancer. In this study, we evaluated whether cross-sectional morphology and duct branching of human nipple obtained by X-ray dark-field imaging tomographic technique (XDFI-CT) could predict the likelihood of the presence of intraductal cancer into the nipple.

Methods

A total of 51 nipple specimens were obtained from consecutive total mastectomies performed for breast cancer in Nagoya Medical Center. After reconstructing 3D images of the nipple using XDFI-CT, the cross-sectional images and the 3D arrangement of ducts were extracted. These cross-sectional images of ducts were classified into four patterns based on the status of the lumen without being informed of pathology results.

Results

Of the four patterns, the distended ducts with heterogenous content were highly correlated with the presence of ductal carcinoma in situ confirmed by histopathology. The total number of orifices identified in the 51 specimens was 1298, and 182 (14%) at the tip and 19 (1.5%) at least 5 mm depth from the tip were composed of two or more ducts.

Conclusions

Anatomy of nipple ducts is essential to evaluate risk of local recurrence after nipple-sparing mastectomy because cancerous spread occurs within the duct of the same segment of the mammary duct-lobular system in the in situ stage. The 3D microscale anatomy of nipple ducts revealed by XDFI-CT provides useful information to assess the risk of breast cancer involvement at the preserved portion in nipple-sparing mastectomy.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgements

The experiments were performed as part of five research projects (2008S2002, 2012G562, 2015G597, 2016G0625, 2019G598, and 2020G583) funded by KEK. This research was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant Numbers 16K01369, 15H01129, 26286079, 18K13765, and 21K04077) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and “Knowledge Hub Aichi,” a Priority Research Project from Aichi Prefectural Government.

Funding

This research was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant Numbers 16K01369, 15H01129, 26286079, and 18K13765) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and “Knowledge Hub Aichi,” Priority Research Project from Aichi Prefectural Government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

    Naoki Sunaguchi

  2. Department of Radiological Technology, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Japan

    Daisuke Shimao

  3. Department of Pathology, Clinical Research Center, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan

    Rieko Nishimura, Akari Iwakoshi & Shu Ichihara

  4. Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Japan

    Tetsuya Yuasa

  5. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan

    Masami Ando

Authors
  1. Naoki Sunaguchi
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  2. Daisuke Shimao
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  3. Rieko Nishimura
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  4. Akari Iwakoshi
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  5. Tetsuya Yuasa
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  6. Masami Ando
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  7. Shu Ichihara
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Naoki Sunaguchi.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

All procedures used in this research were approved by the Ethical Committee of Nagoya University and Nagoya Medical Center.

Consent to participate

Regarding the collection of data from existing tissue samples, we used an opt-out system instead of informed consent. Our website and bulletin boards announced that we were collecting data from existing tissue samples for scientific research in the present study; therefore, the data can be used unless the patients actively dissent. The patients’ personal information is protected.

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Sunaguchi, N., Shimao, D., Nishimura, R. et al. Usefulness of X-ray dark-field imaging in the evaluation of local recurrence after nipple-sparing mastectomy. Int J CARS 16, 1915–1923 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-021-02472-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-021-02472-4

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