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Temporal enhancement of 2D color Doppler echocardiography sequences by fragment-based frame reordering and refinement

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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The goal of this study was to develop an algorithm that enhances the temporal resolution of two-dimensional color Doppler echocardiography (2D CDE) by reordering all the acquired frames and filtering out the frames corrupted by out-of-plane motion and arrhythmia.

Methods

The algorithm splits original frame sequence into the fragments based on the correlation with a reference frame. Then, the fragments are aligned temporally and merged into a resulting sequence that has higher temporal resolution. We evaluated the algorithm with 10 animal epicardial 2D CDE datasets of the right ventricle and compared it with the existing approaches in terms of resulting frame rate, image stability and execution time.

Results

We identified the optimal combination of alternatives for each step, which resulted in an increase in frame rate from 14 ± 0.87 to 238 ± 93 Hz. The average execution time was 7.23 ± 0.48 s in comparison with 0.009 ± 0.001 s for ECG gating and 1167.37 ± 587.85 s for flow reordering. Our approach demonstrated a significant (p < 0.01) increase in image stability compared with ECG gating and flow reordering.

Conclusion

This work presents an offline algorithm for temporal enhancement of 2D CDE. Unlike previous frame reordering approaches, it can filter out-of-plane or corrupted frames, increasing the quality of the results, which substantially increases diagnostic value of 2D CDE. It can be used for high-frame-rate intraoperative imaging of intraventricular and valve regurgitant flows and is potentially modifiable for real-time use on ultrasound machines.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Zurab Machaidze, MD, from Boston Children’s Hospital for assisting with image acquisitions and Oleg Talalov from Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University for consultation on data representation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, Saint Petersburg, Russia

    Alexey B. Terentjev, Pavel O. Smirnov & Igor V. Shturts

  2. Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Douglas P. Perrin, David Zurakowski, Pedro J. del Nido & Nikolay V. Vasilyev

  3. Philips Healthcare, 3000 Minuteman Road, Andover, MA, 01810, USA

    Scott H. Settlemier

Authors
  1. Alexey B. Terentjev
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  2. Douglas P. Perrin
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  3. Scott H. Settlemier
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  4. David Zurakowski
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  5. Pavel O. Smirnov
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  6. Pedro J. del Nido
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  7. Igor V. Shturts
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  8. Nikolay V. Vasilyev
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nikolay V. Vasilyev.

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Conflict of interest

Scott Settlemier is an employee of Philips Healthcare. All other authors have reported that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All applicable international, national and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Statement of informed consent was not applicable since the manuscript does not contain any patient data.

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Terentjev, A.B., Perrin, D.P., Settlemier, S.H. et al. Temporal enhancement of 2D color Doppler echocardiography sequences by fragment-based frame reordering and refinement. Int J CARS 14, 577–586 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-019-01926-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-019-01926-0

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