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Hypoxic liver perfusion with mitomycin-C for treating multifocal metastases and unresectable primary tumours: a single-centre series of 42 patients

Infusione intra-arteriosa epatica in ipossia di mitomicina-C per il trattamento di metastasi epatiche multiple e di tumori primitivi inoperabili: esperienza mono-centrica in 42 pazienti

  • Abdominal Radiology / Radiologia Addominale
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An Erratum to this article was published on 04 November 2011

An Erratum to this article was published on 04 November 2011

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of our study was to retrospectively evaluate the feasibility, toxicity and impact on overall (OS) and disease-free (DFS) survival of intra-arterial liver perfusion with mitomycin-C (MMC) [hypoxic liver perfusion with MMC (HLPM)] in patients with multifocal liver metastases or with unresectable primary liver tumours.

Materials and methods

Forty-two patients underwent 56 intra-arterial liver infusions with MMC between June 2001 and May 2009. The patients presented specific characteristics, i.e. they were all refractory to locoregional (LR) and/or systemic treatments. HLPM consists of selective catheterisation of the common hepatic artery, permanent occlusion of the gastroduodenal artery at its origin using metal coils, an inflated balloon catheter placement at the origin of the proper hepatic artery to block blood flow and induce hypoxia for around 10 min, MMC infusion and vascular-bed occlusion through injection of an absorbable haemostatic agent. During the procedure, the patients received anaesthesiological monitoring. Biochemical and morphological responses were evaluated, as were haematological, hepatic and systemic toxicity.

Results

Patients were hospitalised for 10 days on average (range 7–15). Side effects were liver toxicity in all cases, acute pancreatitis in one case and liver failure in one case. Computed tomography performed at 30 days documented a partial response (PR) in 29%, stable disease (SD) in 45% and progressive disease (PD) in 26% of patients. The response lasted 4 months on average (range 3–6). Mean overall survival (OS) was 20 months for all patients, reaching 30 months in those with colorectal carcinoma.

Conclusions

The procedure is feasible, and treatmentrelated toxicity and mortality rates are acceptable. It may be considered a palliative treatment option in patients with advanced liver disease in centres with adequately experienced medical teams.

Riassunto

Obiettivo

Lo scopo del nostro studio è stato quello di valutare retrospettivamente la fattibilità della perfusione intra-arteriosa epatica di mitomicina-C (MMC) (HLPM), la tossicità associata alla procedura e l’impatto di questo trattamento sulla sopravvivenza globale e sulla sopravvivenza libera da malattia in pazienti portatori di metastasi epatiche multiple o di tumori primitivi epatici inoperabili.

Materiali e metodi

Quarantadue pazienti, sono stati sottoposti a 56 infusioni intra-arteriose epatiche con MMC da giugno 2001 a maggio 2009. I pazienti presentavano caratteristiche specifiche, in particolare erano tutti refrattari a trattamenti loco-regionali (L-R) e/o sistemici. HLPM consiste nella cateterizzazione selettiva della arteria epatica comune, occlusione permanente della arteria gastro-duodenale alla sua origine mediante spirali metalliche; posizionamento di un catetere da occlusione con palloncino gonfiato alla origine della arteria epatica propria per bloccare il suo flusso ed indurre ipossia per circa 10 minuti; infusione di MMC; occlusione del letto vascolare mediante iniezione di un agente emostatico riassorbibile. Durante la procedura i pazienti hanno ricevuto assistenza anestesiologica. È stata valutata la risposta biochimica e morfologica, ed inoltre la tossicità ematologica, epatica e sistemica.

Risultati

Il ricovero dei pazienti in ospedale è durato in media 10 giorni (range 7–15). Gli effetti collaterali legati alla procedura sono stati: tossicità epatica in tutti i casi, un caso di pancreatite acuta ed uno di insufficienza epatica. L’esame TC condotto dopo 30 giorni dal trattamento ha documentato una risposta parziale (PR) nel 29% dei pazienti, una stabilità di malattia (SD) nel 45%, ed una progressione di malattia (PD) nel 26%. La risposta ha avuto una durata media di 4 mesi (range 3–6). La sopravvivenza globale media (OS) per tutti i pazienti era 20 mesi e 30 mesi considerando solo quelli affetti da carcinoma del colon-retto.

Conclusioni

La procedura è fattibile e presenta una accettabile tossicità e mortalità legata al trattamento accettabile. Essa può essere considerata una opzione come trattamento palliativo in pazienti con malattia epatica in stato avanzato, nei centri ove sia disponibile team medico dotato di adeguata esperienza.

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Correspondence to A. M. Ierardi.

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An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11547-011-0727-0

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Baggiani, A., Ierardi, A.M., Caspani, B. et al. Hypoxic liver perfusion with mitomycin-C for treating multifocal metastases and unresectable primary tumours: a single-centre series of 42 patients. Radiol med 116, 1239–1249 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-011-0724-3

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