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Maxillofacial fibrous dysplasia: personal experience with gadoliniumenhanced magnetic resonance imaging

La displasia fibrosa a localizzazione maxillo-facciale: esperienza personale nella valutazione mediante RM con gadolinio

  • Head and Neck Radiology/Radiologia del Capo e del Collo
  • Published:
La radiologia medica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The authors sought to identify radiological criteria assisting in the diagnosis of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia and differential diagnosis of fibro-osseous lesions by comparing computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and histological results in 23 patients with presumed fibrous dysplasia.

Materials and methods

From February 2000 to March 2005, 23 patients (17 women and six men, aged 9–66 years) with facial bone disease underwent CT and MRI studies. Imaging findings were compared with the results of histological examination performed within 1 month of the radiological diagnosis.

Results

The combination of CT and MRI led to a presumptive diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia in all cases, but histology confirmed the diagnosis in 18 cases only. In two cases that had initially been considered cyst-like variants of fibrous dysplasia and were associated with irregular enhancement at MRI, histology characterised the lesions as single locations of multiple myeloma. In one case, targeted biopsy of areas showing intense enhancement led to a diagnosis of low-grade fibrosarcoma; in the remaining two cases, the definitive diagnoses were ossifying fibroma and myeloproliferative disease.

Conclusions

MRI proved useful in differentiating fibrous dysplasia from other bone diseases, defining clinical behaviour, identifying neoplastic foci within dysplastic tissue and distinguishing benign from malignant bone lesions. The authors suggest a broader use of contrast-enhanced MRI for the diagnosis and follow-up of dysplastic lesions of the facial bones and for planning appropriate surgical treatment.

Riassunto

Obiettivo

Lo studio si propone di confrontare i reperti di TC e RM di 23 pazienti presumibilmente affetti da displasia fibrosa con i risultati dell’indagine istologica, definendo criteri radiografici utili nella diagnosi delladisplasia fibrosa craniofacciale e nella distinzione delle lesioni fibro-ossee da altre patologie ossee, con particolare rilievo per la RM con mezzo di contrasto.

Materiali e metodi

Dal febbraio 2000 al marzo 2005 sono stati sottoposti ad esami di TC e RM 23 pazienti (17 F, 6 M) di età compresa tra i 9 ed i 66 anni affetti da patologie delle ossa del massiccio facciale. I reperti radiologici sono stati quindi confrontati con i risultati degli esami istologici eseguiti successivamente e comunque entro un mese dalla diagnosi radiologica.

Risultati

L’integrazione TC-RM ha permesso di ipotizzare la diagnosi di displasia fibrosa nei casi selezionati, ma l’esame istologico ha confermato la diagnosi solo in 18 casi; in 2 casi, inizialmente ritenuti varianti similcistiche della displasia fibrosa ed associati ad un enhancement irregolare rilevabile all’esame RM, l’istologia ha definito le lesioni come localizzazioni uniche di mieloma multiplo. In 1 caso l’esecuzione di prelievi bioptici a livello di aree di intenso enhancement ha condotto alla diagnosi di fibrosarcoma di basso grado e nei 2 casi restanti si è giunti alle diagnosi definitive di fibroma ossificante e di patologia mieloproliferativa.

Conclusioni

La RM si è rivelata utile nella diagnosi differenziale tra la displasia fibrosa ed altre affezioni del tessuto osseo, nella definizione del suo comportamento clinico, nell’identificazione di focolai neoplastici all’interno del tessuto displastico e nella distinzione dellelesioni ossee benigne da quelle maligne. Gli autori suggeriscono un più ampio utilizzo della RM con mezzo di contrasto nella diagnosi e nel follow-up delle lesioni displastiche del massiccio facciale, anche in preparazione di un eventuale trattamento chirurgico.

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Correspondence to S. Cappabianca.

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Cappabianca, S., Colella, G., Russo, A. et al. Maxillofacial fibrous dysplasia: personal experience with gadoliniumenhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Radiol med 113, 1198–1210 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-008-0329-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-008-0329-7

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