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Cystic adenomatoid malformation in children: CT histopathological correlation

Malformazione adenomatoide-cistica in età pediatrica: correlazione tra aspetti TC e reperti istopatologici

  • Paediatric Radiology Radiologia Pediatrica
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

This study was performed to assess the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in classifying the various types of cystic adenomatoid malformation (CAM) of the lung, as described by Stocker et al., taking histopathology as the gold standard.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively reviewed six cases of histologically proven CAM. Chest radiography, chest CT and histopathology results were available for all patients. The CT images were reviewed blinded to the histological findings, and attention was paid to the number and size of cysts so as to classify the lesions into the three groups described by Stocker et al. The classification of lesions based on the CT images was then correlated to the histopathological findings.

Results

Areas with small-sized cysts (<2 cm) were detected by CT in two patients (33.3%), areas with large cysts (>2 cm) were seen in three cases (50%) whereas in the remaining case, the diagnosis was mixed type I and type II CAM. In one patient with type I CAM, an area of low-density consolidation around the cysts was interpreted as CAM in a context of pulmonary sequestration. The CT classification based on Stocker et al.’s categories was in agreement with the histopathological findings in four cases, whereas in the remaining two cases, the lesions were classed as type I or II on CT and as mixed (type I and II) lesions at histopathology. In one case, the CT classification was correct, but the histopathology revealed the coexistence of pulmonary sequestration.

Conclusions

In our study, there was concordance between CT and histopathology in 66.7% of cases, whereas in 33.3% histopathology revealed areas with mixed grade lesions. CT proved to be accurate in identifying and characterising CAM and provided important information on lesion site and extension.

Riassunto

Obiettivo

Valutare l’accuratezza della TC nel classificare i diversi tipi di malformazione adenomatoide cistica del polmone (MAC), così come descritti da Stocker, assumendo come gold standard il riscontro anatomo-partologico.

Materiali e metodi

Abbiamo rivalutato in modo retrospettivo 6 casi di MAC istologicamente provata. Di tutti i pazienti era disponibile l’esame radiografico, la TC del torace e il referto anatomopatologico. Le immagini TC sono state rivalutate in ceco rispetto ai reperti istologici ponendo attenzione al numero e alle dimensioni delle cisti così da classificare le lesioni nei tre tipi descritti da Stocker. Si è proceduto poi a confrontare la classificazione delle lesioni effettuata con la TC con i reperti anatomo-patologici.

Risultati

Aree con cisti di piccole dimensioni (<2 cm) sono state evidenziate alla TC in 2 pazienti (33,3%), aree con cisti voluminose (>2 cm) sono state osservate in 3 casi (50%), mentre nel restante caso è stata posta diagnosi di MAC di tipo misto I e II. In un paziente con MAC di I tipo un’area di consolidazione ipodensa intorno alle cisti è stata interpretata come MAC su sequestro polmonare. La classificazione TC di Stocker è risultata concordante con l’esame anatomo-patologico in 4 casi, mentre nei restanti 2 casi le lesioni sono state classificate come tipo I o II alla TC e come lesioni miste (tipo I e II) all’istopatologia. In un caso la classificazione TC era corretta ma l’esame istopatologico ha evidenziato la coesistenza di sequestro polmonare.

Conclusioni

Nel nostro studio la TC è risultata essere concordante nel 66,7% dei casi mentre nel 33,3% l’esame istopatologico ha evidenziato aree con grading misto. L’esame TC è risultato essere una metodica accurata nell’identificare e caratterizzare la MAC fornendo inoltre importanti informazioni sulla sede ed estensione della lesione.

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Lanza, C., Bolli, V., Galeazzi, V. et al. Cystic adenomatoid malformation in children: CT histopathological correlation. Radiol med 112, 612–619 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-007-0166-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-007-0166-0

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