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Stoichiometric Modeling of Aboveground–Belowground Interaction of Herbaceous Plant and Two Herbivores

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Abstract

In a grassland ecosystem, the dynamics and coexistence mechanisms of two herbivores competing for one herbaceous plant have been widely studied, while the chemical heterogeneity of herbaceous plant’s aboveground and belowground parts is usually ignored in dynamic modeling. Based on the traditional two herbivore-one herbaceous plant competition model, a new stoichiometric competition model, which incorporates the chemical heterogeneity of herbaceous plants, is formulated to investigate effects of the aboveground–belowground interactions and the chemical heterogeneity on the dynamics of the two herbivore-one herbaceous plant system. We perform theoretical analysis for the stability of boundary equilibria and show that a stable coexistent equilibrium is possible with two herbivores on one herbaceous plant. Moreover, numerical simulations reveal that various light intensity and nitrogen input can also allow all populations to coexist in periodic oscillations or irregularly cyclic oscillations. Our findings further indicate that when the nitrogen input is fixed, higher light intensity leads to a dominance of the lower N-demand herbivore, while the light intensity is fixed, higher nitrogen input leads to a dominance of the higher N-demand herbivore. Moderate levels of light and nutrient could promote the coexistence of two herbivores and herbaceous plant. This study also explains the functional mechanism for the decline of species diversity in response to nitrogen enrichment.

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Acknowledgements

The research was partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of People’s Republic of China (Nos. 11671072, 11271065).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, People’s Republic of China

    Xinmiao Rong, Yazhou Sun & Meng Fan

  2. College of Mathematical Sciences, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People’s Republic of China

    Xinmiao Rong

  3. Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G1, Canada

    Hao Wang

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  1. Xinmiao Rong
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Correspondence to Meng Fan.

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Rong, X., Sun, Y., Fan, M. et al. Stoichiometric Modeling of Aboveground–Belowground Interaction of Herbaceous Plant and Two Herbivores. Bull Math Biol 82, 107 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-020-00784-1

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