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A new application of Gompertz function in photohemolysis: the effect of temperature on red blood cell hemolysis photosensitized by protoporphyrin IX

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Abstract

Photosensitization by protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is accelerated at different irradiation temperatures, different dark incubation temperatures (T inc) and different irradiation times. The applicability of Gompertz function to the fractional photohemolysis ratio, a and the rate of fractional photohemolysis, b is found to be the most appropriate model to fit the experimental data with minimum parameters and minimum errors. The reduction in Gompertz parameters, the fractional ratio values of a, and increase in the fractional rate values b, for 20 μM PpIX irradiated with black light at low irradiation temperature 5°C and higher T inc 37°C was noticed. The parameter a has higher values at lower irradiation time and lower irradiation temperatures which indicates a longer photohemolysis process and longer t 50. Values of the parameter b were found to be strongly temperature-dependent, and always increase with increasing irradiation time and T inc with lower values at lower irradiation time and lower T inc. There are no significant changes in the lysis of RBCs process at irradiation temperatures equal to or higher than 35°C. Similarly, no significant change on t 50 at higher irradiation time at T inc 24 and 37°C. In conclusion, Gompertz analysis technique adapts to study the photohemolysis process at different conditions as a best-fit model.

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Abbreviations

BL:

Black light

C s :

Total solute concentration

DPH:

Delayed photohemolysis

H :

Fractional hemolysis

HSA:

Human serum albumin

OD:

Optical density

PB:

Phosphate buffer

PBS:

Phosphate buffered saline

PpIX:

Protoporphyrin IX

EPP:

Erythropoietic porphyria

RBC:

Red blood cells

1Δg :

Singlet oxygen

t irr :

Irradiation time

t :

Lysis time (the time measured from start of rupturing the RBCs at dark incubation)

t 50 :

Incubation time for 50% hemolysis

T irr :

Irradiation temperature

T inc :

Incubation temperature

a :

fractional photohemolysis ratio

b :

fractional photohemolysis rate

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank Dr. Maamar Benkraouda and Dr. Adel Hashish for valuable comments and discussion. Great helpful and useful discussion of Dr. Mazhar Zaidi is highly acknowledged. This work was funded in part by the Scientific Research Council of Jordan University of Science and Technology grant no. 52/96 and United Arab Emirates, grant no. 01-02-11/04.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of UAE, P.O. Box 17551, Al-Ain, UAE

    M. Al-Akhras

  2. Department of Physics, Jordan University of science and technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan

    M. Al-Akhras

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  1. M. Al-Akhras
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Correspondence to M. Al-Akhras.

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Al-Akhras, M. A new application of Gompertz function in photohemolysis: the effect of temperature on red blood cell hemolysis photosensitized by protoporphyrin IX. Med Bio Eng Comput 44, 703–710 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-006-0080-y

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