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Characterization of Antimicrobial-bearing Liposomes by ζ-Potential, Vesicle Size, and Encapsulation Efficiency

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Abstract

Liposome entrapment may improve activity of protein or polypeptide antimicrobials against a variety of microorganisms. In this study, ability of liposomes to withstand exposure to environmental and chemical stresses typically encountered in foods and food processing operations were tested. Liposomes consisting of distearoylphosphatidylcholine (PC) and distearoylphosphatidylglycerol (PG), with 0, 5, or 10 μg/ml of the antimicrobial peptide nisin entrapped, were exposed to elevated temperatures (25–75 °C) and a range of pH (5.5–11.0). Ability of liposomes to maintain integrity was assessed by measuring the encapsulation efficiency (EE), ζ-potential, and particle size distribution of liposomes. Distearoylphosphatidylcholine, PC/PG 8:2, and PC/PG 6:4 (mole fraction) liposomes retained between ~70–90% EE despite exposure to elevated temperature and alkaline or acidic pH. Particle size of liposomes averaged between 100 and 240 nm depending on liposome preparation. Liposomal surface charge depended primarily on phospholipid composition and changed little with inclusion of nisin. Surface charge was not affected by temperature for PC and PC/PG 8:2 but decreased for PC/PG 6:4 liposomes. Our results suggest that liposomes containing nisin may be suitable for use as antimicrobial-active ingredients in low- or high-pH foods subjected to moderate heat treatments.

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Acknowledgments

This research was financially supported by a USDA NRI grant (USDA NRI 2004-35201-15358) and the Massachusetts and Tennessee Experiment Station (Hatch MAS 00911 and TEN 00263).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Science Department, Texas A&M University, 2471 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-2471, USA

    T. Matthew Taylor

  2. Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, 2605 River Road, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

    P. Michael Davidson

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Cellular, and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Walters Life Science Building, 1414 West Cumberland Road, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

    Barry D. Bruce

  4. Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Chenoweth Laboratory 234, 100 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA, 01003-1410, USA

    Sylvia Gaysinsky & Jochen Weiss

Authors
  1. T. Matthew Taylor
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  2. Sylvia Gaysinsky
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  3. P. Michael Davidson
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  4. Barry D. Bruce
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  5. Jochen Weiss
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Correspondence to Jochen Weiss.

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Taylor, T.M., Gaysinsky, S., Davidson, P.M. et al. Characterization of Antimicrobial-bearing Liposomes by ζ-Potential, Vesicle Size, and Encapsulation Efficiency. Food Biophysics 2, 1–9 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-007-9023-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-007-9023-x

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