Abstract
A comprehensive bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace explores global scientific research trends concerning internet pornography, loneliness, and social media addiction from 1993 to 2023. The study reveals disciplinary distributions, evolving patterns, influential scholars, and contributing institutions. Notably, the United States accounts for over 29% of publications, with Griffiths MD and Beutel ME emerging as leading contributors with 22.7% and 18.2% respectively. A remarkable 2750% surge in scholarly publications from 2020 to 2023 underscores increasing interest in the subject. Keyword analysis identifies emerging trends and focal points, with terms such as “acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,” “pornography use,” and “addiction” showing significant citation activity. Leading institutions include New York University and University College London. Key metrics like sigma value (0.98), centrality (1.00), and citation burstness (32) provide valuable insights into the importance and influence of identified clusters within the academic landscape. This analysis sheds light on scholarly discussions, aiding in the comprehension of internet pornography, loneliness, and social media addiction.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
Data will be made available on request.
References
Akrami, N. E., Hanine, M., Flores, E. S., Aray, D. G., & Ashraf, I. (2023). Unleashing the pPotential of Bblockchain and Mmachine lLearning: Insights and Eemerging tTrends Ffrom Bbibliometric aAnalysis. IEEE Access, 11, 78879–78903. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3298371
Allen, M. I., Deslauriers, M., Andrews, C. W., Tipples, G. A., Walters, K. A., Tyrrell, D. L., ... & Condreay, L. D. (1998). Identification and characterization of mutations in hepatitis B virus resistant to lamivudine. Hepatology, 27(6), 1670–1677. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.510270628
Alfasi, Y. (2019). The grass is always greener on my friends’ profiles: The effect of Facebook social comparison on state self-esteem and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 147, 111–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PAID.2019.04.032
Andersen, T. O., Sejling, C., Jensen, A. K., Drews, H. J., Ritz, B., Varga, T. V, & Rod, N. H. (2023). Nighttime smartphone use, sleep quality, and mental health: Investigating a complex relationship. SLEEP, 46(12). https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad256.
Andreassen, C. S., Pallesen, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017a). The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey, 64, 287–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.006.
Andreassen, C. S., Pallesen, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017b). The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 287–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2016.03.006
Anguyo, M., Masete, J., Akia, M., & Drasiku, H. (2023). The impact of social media on adolescent mental health. In Mental health of children and adolescents in the 21st century [Working Title]. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1003060.
American Psychiatric Association. (2005). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., Text Revision). Author.
Arora, S., & Mehta, M. (2023). Love it or hate it, but can you ignore social media? - A bibliometric analysis of social media addiction. Computers in Human Behavior, 147, 107831. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHB.2023.107831
Arrivillaga, C., Hallauer, C. J., Montag, C., & Elhai, J. D. (2023). Emotion dysregulation factors associated with problematic smartphone use severity: The mediating role of fear of missing out. Addictive Behaviors, 143, 107708. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2023.107708
Attwood, F. (2006). Sexed up: Theorizing the sexualization of culture. Sexualities, 9(1), 77–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460706053336
Banerjee, D., & Rai, M. (2020). Social isolation in Covid-19: The impact of loneliness. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(6), 525–527. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020922269
Barnes, T. L., MacLeod, S., Tkatch, R., Ahuja, M., Albright, L., Schaeffer, J. A., & Yeh, C. S. (2022). Cumulative effect of loneliness and social isolation on health outcomes among older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 26(7), 1327–1334. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2021.1940096
Baumeister, R. F., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (2000). Ego depletion: A resource model of volition, self-regulation, and controlled processing. Social cognition, 18(2), 130–150. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2000.18.2.130
Bereznowski, P., Konarski, R., Pallesen, S., & Atroszko, P. A. (2024). Similarities and differences between study addiction and study engagement and work addiction and work engagement: A network analysis. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-023-01234-4
Bernstein, S., Warburton, W., Bussey, K., & Sweller, N. (2023). Mind the gap: Internet pornography exposure, influence and problematic viewing amongst emerging adults. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 20(2), 599–613. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-022-00698-8
Beutel, M. E., Brähler, E., Glaesmer, H., Kuss, D. J., Wölfling, K., & Müller, K. W. (2011). Regular and problematic leisure-time internet use in the community: Results from a {G}erman population-based survey. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(5), 291–296. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2010.0199
Bolter, J. D. (2003). Critical theory and the challenge of new media.
Bőthe, B., Vaillancourt-Morel, M. P., Dion, J., Paquette, M. M., Massé-Pfister, M., Tóth-Király, I., & Bergeron, S. (2022). A longitudinal study of adolescents’ pornography use frequency, motivations, and problematic use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 51(1), 139–156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02282-4
Brand, M., Laier, C., & Pawlikowski, M. (2013, January). Internet addictions: Same same but different. In Journal of Behavioral Addictions (Vol. 2, pp. 8-8). Prielle ku 19, PO BOX 245, h-1117 budapest, Hungary: Akademiai kiado rt.,
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The lancet, 395(10227),912-920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
Caban, S., Makos, S., & Thompson, C. M. (2023). The Rrole of iInterpersonal Ccommunication in Mmental hHealth Lliteracy Iinterventions for Yyoung pPeople: A tTheoretical Rreview. Health Communication, 38(13), 2818–2832. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2022.2121473
Camilleri, C., Perry, J. T., & Sammut, S. (2021). Compulsive internet pornography use and mental health: A cross-sectional study in a sample of university students in the United States. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.61324.
Cataldo, I., Novotny, D., Carollo, A., & Esposito, G. (2023). Mental health in the post-lockdown scenario: A scientometric investigation of the main thematic trends of research. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(13), 6310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20136310
Cerulo, K. A. (2009). Nonhumans in sSocial iInteraction. Annual Review of Sociology, 35(1), 531–552. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-070308-120008
Charig, R., Moghaddam, N. G., Dawson, D. L., Merdian, H. L., & das Nair, R. (2020). A lack of association between online pornography exposure, sexual functioning, and mental well-being. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 35(2), 258–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2020.1727874
Chemnad, K., Aziz, M., Belhaouari, S. B., & Ali, R. (2023). The interplay between social media use and problematic internet usage: Four behavioral patterns. Heliyon, 9(5), e15745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15745
Chen, C. (2006). CiteSpace II: Detecting and visualizing emerging trends and transient patterns in scientific literature. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 57(3), 359–377. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20317
Chen, C. (2017). Science mMapping: A Ssystematic rReview of the Lliterature. Journal of Data and Information Science, 2(2), 1–40. https://doi.org/10.1515/jdis-2017-0006
Chen, C., & Leydesdorff, L. (2014). Patterns of connections and movements in dual-map overlays: A new method of publication portfolio analysis. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 65(2), 334–351. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.22968
Chen, C., & Song, M. (2019). Visualizing a field of research: A methodology of systematic scientometric reviews. PLoS ONE, 14(10), e0223994. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223994
Chen, X., & Liu, Y. (2020). Visualization analysis of high-speed railway research based on CiteSpace. Transport Policy, 85, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRANPOL.2019.10.004
Ciudad-Fernández, V., Zarco-Alpuente, A., Escrivá-Martínez, T., Herrero, R., & Baños, R. (2024). How adolescents lose control over social networks: A process-based approach to problematic social network use. Addictive Behaviors, 154, 108003. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2024.108003
Curado, M., Tortosa, L., & Vicent, J. F. (2023). A novel measure to identify influential nodes: Return random walk gravity centrality. Information Sciences, 628, 177–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INS.2023.01.097
Cocci, A., Giunti, D., Tonioni, C., Cacciamani, G., Tellini, R., Polloni, G., ... & Russo, G. I. (2020). Love at the time of the Covid-19 pandemic: preliminary results of an online survey conducted during the quarantine in Italy. International journal of impotence research, 32(5), 556–557. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-020-0305-x
Deng, P., Liu, C., Chen, M., & Si, L. (2023). Knowledge domain and emerging trends in multimorbidity and frailty research from 2003 to 2023: A scientometric study using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Health Economics Review, 13(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13561-023-00460-9
Dey, B. L., Al-Karaghouli, W., & Muhammad, S. S. (2020). Adoption, adaptation, use and impact of information systems during pandemic time and beyond: Research and Mmanagerial Iimplications. Information Systems Management, 37(4), 298–302. https://doi.org/10.1080/10580530.2020.1820632
De Alarcón, R., de la Iglesia, J. I., Casado, N. M., & Montejo, A. L. (2019). Online porn addiction: What we know and what we don’t—A systematic review. Journal of clinical medicine, 8(1), 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8010091
Fineberg, N. A., Menchón, J. M., Hall, N., Dell’Osso, B., Brand, M., Potenza, M. N., Chamberlain, S. R., Cirnigliaro, G., Lochner, C., Billieux, J., Demetrovics, Z., Rumpf, H. J., Müller, A., Castro-Calvo, J., Hollander, E., Burkauskas, J., Grünblatt, E., Walitza, S., Corazza, O., … Zohar, J. (2022). Advances in problematic usage of the internet research – A narrative review by experts from the European network for problematic usage of the internet. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 118, 152346. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COMPPSYCH.2022.152346
Fineberg, N. A., Demetrovics, Z., Stein, D. J., Ioannidis, K., Potenza, M. N., Grünblatt, E., ... & Chamberlain, S. R. (2018). Manifesto for a European research network into problematic usage of the internet. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 28(11), 1232-1246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.08.004
Gao, S., Meng, F., Gu, Z., Liu, Z., & Farrukh, M. (2021). Mapping and cClustering aAnalysis on environmental, social and governance field a bibliometric analysis using Scopus. Sustainability, 13(13), 7304. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137304
Grubbs, J. B., Wright, P. J., Braden, A. L., Wilt, J. A., & Kraus, S. W. (2019). Internet pornography use and sexual motivation: A systematic review and integration. Annals of the International Communication Association, 43(2), 117-155. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2019.1584045
Grubbs, J. B., & Kraus, S. W. (2021). Pornography Uuse and Ppsychological sScience: A Ccall for Cconsideration. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(1), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721420979594
Grubbs, J. B., Perry, S. L., Grant Weinandy, J. T., & Kraus, S. W. (2022). Porndemic? A longitudinal study of pornography use before and during the COVID-19 pPandemic in a nNationally rRepresentative sSample of Americans. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 51(1), 123–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02077-7
Guizzo, F., Di Michele, D., & Cadinu, M. (2024). From sexualized media consumption to salary negotiation: The relation between chronic self-objectification processes and women’s negotiation intentions. Media Psychology, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2023.2298683.
Guo, Z., Zhang, Y., & Liu, Q. (2023). Bibliometric and visualization analysis of research trend in mental health problems of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1040676.
Halim, Z., Sargana, H. M., Aadam, U., & Waqas, M. (2021). Clustering of graphs using pseudo-guided random walk. Journal of Computational Science, 51, 101281. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JOCS.2020.101281
Haller, S. P., Linke, J. O., Grassie, H. L., Jones, E. L., Pagliaccio, D., Harrewijn, A., White, L. K., Naim, R., Abend, R., Mallidi, A., Berman, E., Lewis, K. M., Kircanski, K., Fox, N. A., Silverman, W. K., Kalin, N. H., Bar-Haim, Y., & Brotman, M. A. (2024). Normalization of fronto-parietal activation by cognitive-behavioral therapy in unmedicated pediatric patients with anxiety disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 181(3), 201–212. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20220449
Han, Y., Luo, Y., Chen, Z., Gao, N., Song, Y., & Liu, S. (2024). A decade of love: Mapping the landscape of romantic love research through bibliometric analysis. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), 187. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-02665-7
Healy-Cullen, S., Taylor, K., & Morison, T. (2024). Youth, pornography, and addiction: A cCritical rReview. Current Addiction Reports. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-024-00549-z
Hong, J. H., Nakamura, J. S., Berkman, L. F., Chen, F. S., Shiba, K., Chen, Y., Kim, E. S., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2023). Are loneliness and social isolation equal threats to health and well-being? An outcome-wide longitudinal approach. SSM - Population Health, 23, 101459. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SSMPH.2023.101459
Huang, X., Huang, L., Gao, X., & Liu, C. (2024a). Global research trends in DNA methylation in rheumatoid arthritis: A bibliometric analysis and visual analysis. Medicine, 103(1), e36218. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000036218
Huang, Y., He, X., Lian, Z., Yang, Z., & Jiang, Q. (2024b). Mapping the landscape of marine cultural heritage research from 2000 to 2023: A bibliometric analysis. Marine Policy, 163, 106086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106086
Iroegbu, M., O’Brien, F., Muñoz, L. C., & Parsons, G. (2024). Investigating the psychological impact of cyber-sexual harassment. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605241231615
Isbulan, O., Cam, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2024). The mediating effect of social network identity management on the relationship between personality traits and social media addiction among pre-service teachers. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 146. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01653-5
Jiang, B., Hong, N., Zhao, F., & Dong, F. (2024). Visualization and analysis of mapping knowledge domains for optic neuritis: A bibliometric research from 2013 to 2022. International Ophthalmology, 44(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-024-02948-7
Jiang, X., Chiu, D. K. W., & Chan, C. T. (2023). Application of the AIDA model in social media promotion and community engagement for small cultural organizations (pp. 48–70). https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5190-8.ch004.
Junjia, Y., Alias, A. H., Haron, N. A., & Abu Bakar, N. (2023). A bBibliometric Rreview on safety risk assessment of construction based on CiteSpace software and WoS database. Sustainability, 15(15), 11803. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511803
King, D. L., Delfabbro, P. H., Doh, Y. Y., Wu, A. M., Kuss, D. J., Pallesen, S., ... & Sakuma, H. (2018). Policy and prevention approaches for disordered and hazardous gaming and Internet use: An international perspective. Prevention Science, 19(2), 233–249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-017-0813-1
Karakose, T., Tülübaş, T., Papadakis, S., & Yirci, R. (2023). Evaluating the intellectual structure of the knowledge base on transformational school leadership: A Bbibliometric and science mapping analysis. Education Sciences, 13(7), 708. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13070708
Karim, M. A., & Venkatachalam, J. (2021). Global trends on studies with cognitive training: Mapping and bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace. Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal, 25(4), 311–340. https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2021.25.16
Keum, B. T. (2024). the importance of critical social media literacy in the digital era: Benefits for social support and flourishing. Emerging Adulthood. https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968241226492
Király, O., Potenza, M. N., Stein, D. J., King, D. L., Hodgins, D. C., Saunders, J. B., ... & Demetrovics, Z. (2020). Preventing problematic internet use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consensus guidance. Comprehensive psychiatry, 100, 152180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152180
Kotlar, B., Gerson, E. M., Petrillo, S., Langer, A., & Tiemeier, H. (2021). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health: A scoping review. Reproductive Health, 18(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-021-01070-6
Kukreja, D., Gupta, S., Patel, D., & Rai, J. N. (2023). Scientometric review of Web 3.0. Journal of Information Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/01655515231182073.
Kushlev, K., & Leitao, M. R. (2020). The effects of smartphones on well-being: Theoretical integration and research agenda. Current Opinion in Psychology, 36, 77–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COPSYC.2020.05.001
Kuss, D., & Griffiths, M. (2017). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3), 311. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14030311
Lahti, H., Kulmala, M., Lyyra, N., Mietola, V., & Paakkari, L. (2024). Problematic situations related to social media use and competencies to prevent them: Results of a Delphi study. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 5275. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55578-5
Lam, H., & Harcourt, M. (2024). Digital addiction in organizations: Challenges and Ppolicy Iimplications. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-024-09493-6
Lanfredi, M., Dagani, J., Geviti, A., Di Cosimo, F., Bussolati, M., Rillosi, L., Albini, D., Pizzi, M., Ghidoni, R., Fazzi, E., Vita, A., & Rossi, R. (2023). Risk and protective factors associated with mental health status in an Italian sample of students during the fourth wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 17(1), 78. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-023-00615-w
Leonhardt, N. D., Busby, D. M., & Willoughby, B. J. (2021). Do you feel in control? Sexual desire, sexual passion expression, and associations with perceived compulsivity to pornography and pornography use frequency. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 18(2), 377–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-020-00465-7
Li, F., Zhang, H., & Wei, X. (2023). Visualization analysis of research hotspots and frontiers on factors influencing urban green innovation—Based on CiteSpace knowledge map. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 7(1), 2067. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v7i1.2067
Lippke, S., & Warner, L. M. (2023). Understanding and overcoming challenges in times of personal or global crisis—Editorial on the Special Issue on Loneliness and Health. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 15(1), 3–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12420.
Malaeb, D., Hallit, S., & Obeid, S. (2023). Pornography uUse among Lebanese aAdults: Association with loneliness and fear of commitment. Healthcare, 11(6), 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060795
Mamat, M., Li, L., Kang, S., & Chen, Y. (2024). Emerging trends on the anatomy teaching reforms in the last 10 years: Based on <scp>VOSviewer</scp> and <scp>CiteSpace</scp>. Anatomical Sciences Education. https://doi.org/10.1002/ase.2405
Marttila, E., Koivula, A., & Räsänen, P. (2021). Does excessive social media use decrease subjective well-being? A longitudinal analysis of the relationship between problematic use, loneliness and life satisfaction. Telematics and Informatics, 59, 101556. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TELE.2020.101556
Masaeli, N., & Farhadi, H. (2021). Prevalence of Internet-based addictive behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of addictive diseases, 39(4), 468-488. https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2021.1895962
Mauer-Vakil, D., & Bahji, A. (2020). The addictive nature of compulsive sexual behaviours and problematic online pornography consumption: A review. Canadian Journal of Addiction, 11(3), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1097/CXA.0000000000000091
McGraw, J. S., Grant Weinandy, J. T., Floyd, C. G., Hoagland, C., Kraus, S. W., & Grubbs, J. B. (2024). Problematic pornography use and suicidal thoughts: Results from cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000996
McPherson, L., Vosz, M., Gatwiri, K., Hitchcock, C., Tucci, J., Mitchell, J., Fernandes, C., & Macnamara, N. (2024). Approaches to assessment and intervention with children and young people who engage in harmful sexual behavior: A scoping review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 25(2), 1585–1598. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380231189293
Mestre-Bach, G., Blycker, G. R., & Potenza, M. N. (2020). Pornography use in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(2), 181–183. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00015
Mestre-Bach, G., & Potenza, M. N. (2023). Loneliness, pornography use, problematic pornography use, and compulsive sexual behavior. Current Addiction Reports, 10(4), 664–676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-023-00516-0
Montag, C., Demetrovics, Z., Elhai, J. D., Grant, D., Koning, I., Rumpf, H.-J., Spada, M. M., Throuvala, M., & van den Eijnden, R. (2024). Problematic social media use in childhood and adolescence. Addictive Behaviors, 153, 107980. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2024.107980
Naidu, S., Chand, A., Pandaram, A., & Patel, A. (2023). Problematic internet and social network site use in young adults: The role of emotional intelligence and fear of negative evaluation. Personality and Individual Differences, 200, 111915. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PAID.2022.111915
Nashwan, A. J., Alahmad, R., Abu Afifeh, G., & Abu Afifeh, N. (2023). Dissecting loneliness in the digital age: An insight into the experiences of medical students amid and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. F1000Research, 12, 1196. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.141325.1.
Nawaz, S. (2023). Rethinking classifications and metrics for problematic smartphone use and dependence: Addressing the call for reassessment. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 12, 100327. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHBR.2023.100327
Ndasauka, Y., & Ndasauka, F. (2024). Cultural persistence and change in university students’ social networking motives and problematic use. Heliyon, 10(2), e24830. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24830
Nica, I. (2024). Bibliometric mapping in the landscape of cybernetics: Insights into global research networks. Kybernetes. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-11-2023-2365
Nikolinakou, A., Phua, J., & Kwon, E. S. (2024). What drives addiction on social media sites? The relationships between psychological well-being states, social media addiction, brand addiction and impulse buying on social media. Computers in Human Behavior, 153, 108086. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHB.2023.108086
Nolin, M.-C., Daspe, M.-È., Bőthe, B., Brassard, A., Joyal, C., & Vaillancourt-Morel, M.-P. (2024). Associations between contents of pornography and sexual satisfaction and function among young adults. The Journal of Sex Research, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2024.2311874.
Nunes, P. M., Proença, T., & Carozzo-Todaro, M. E. (2024). A systematic review on well-being and ill-being in working contexts: Contributions of self-determination theory. Personnel Review, 53(2), 375–419. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-11-2021-0812
O’Day, E. B., & Heimberg, R. G. (2021). Social media use, social anxiety, and loneliness: A systematic review. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 3, 100070. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHBR.2021.100070
Okabe, Y., Takahashi, F., & Ito, D. (2021). Problematic pornography use in Japan: A preliminary study among university students. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.638354.
Oktavio, A., Husriah, H., & Harsono, I. (2024). Bibliometric exploration of creative industry: Trends, influential authors, research themes, and emerging concepts. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 5(1), 704–711. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v5i1.464
Ousman, Y. I., & Nazi̇r, T. (2023). Loneliness among university students as a growing concerne. Journal of Family Counseling and Education, 8(2), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.32568/jfce.1312556
Paiman, N., & Fauzi, M. A. (2023). Exploring determinants of social media addiction in higher education through the integrated lenses of technology acceptance model (TAM) and usage habit. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-03-2023-0114
Pawlikowska-Gorzelańczyk, A., Fichte, D., Rozmus, J., Roder, P., Flakus, R., Szuster, E., Brawańska, K., Biernikiewicz, M., Sobieszczańska, M., Rusiecka, A., & Kałka, D. (2023). Impact of internet addiction, social media use and online pornography on the male sexual function in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(19), 6407. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196407
Pellegrino, A., Stasi, A., & Bhatiasevi, V. (2022). Research trends in social media addiction and problematic social media use: A bibliometric analysis. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1017506.
Perry, S. L., & Schleifer, C. (2018). Till porn do us part? A longitudinal examination of pornography use and divorce. The Journal of Sex Research, 55(3), 284-296. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2017.1317709
Perrigino, M. B., Raveendhran, R., & Ryu, J. W. (2024). Technology use for nonwork purposes at work: A behavior-focused integrative review. Academy of Management Annals. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2022.0191
Plana, F., Pérez, J., & Abeliuk, A. (2023). Modularity of food-sharing networks minimises the risk for individual and group starvation in hunter-gatherer societies. PLoS ONE, 18(5), e0272733. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272733
Rejeb, A., Rejeb, K., Abdollahi, A., & Treiblmaier, H. (2022). The big picture on Instagram research: Insights from a bibliometric analysis. Telematics and Informatics, 73, 101876. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TELE.2022.101876
Rejeb, A., Rejeb, K., Appolloni, A., Treiblmaier, H., & Iranmanesh, M. (2024). Mapping the scholarly landscape of TikTok (Douyin): A bibliometric exploration of research topics and trends. Digital Business, 4(1), 100075. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.DIGBUS.2024.100075
Rideout, V., & Robb, M. B. (2019). The common sense census: Media use by tweens and teens. Common Sense.
Rivera, R. G., Orellana Fantoni, C., Gálvez, E., Jimenez-Pazmino, P., Vaca Ruiz, C. K., & Fitz Herbert, A. (2024). Using scientometrics to mapping Latin American research networks in emerging fields: The field networking index. Scientometrics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-024-04970-z
Rodrigues, D. L., Lopes, D., Dawson, K., de Visser, R., & Štulhofer, A. (2021). With or without you: Associations between frequency of internet pornography use and sexual relationship outcomes for (non)consensual (non)monogamous individuals. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 50(4), 1491–1504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01782-z
Rojas-Sánchez, M. A., Palos-Sánchez, P. R., & Folgado-Fernández, J. A. (2023). Systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis on virtual reality and education. Education and Information Technologies, 28(1), 155–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11167-5
Rustamaji, H. C., Kusuma, W. A., Nurdiati, S., & Batubara, I. (2024). Community detection with Greedy Modularity disassembly strategy. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 4694. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55190-7
The model for explaining the addiction attitude of clients who are quitting based on emotion regulation strategies and attachment styles with the mediating role of ego capacity. (2024). Journal of Adolescent and Youth Psychological Studies, 5(1), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.jayps.5.1.9
Samari, E., Chang, S., Seow, E., Chua, Y. C., Subramaniam, M., van Dam, R. M., Luo, N., Verma, S., & Vaingankar, J. A. (2022). A qualitative study on negative experiences of social media use and harm reduction strategies among youths in a multi-ethnic Asian society. PLoS ONE, 17(11), e0277928. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277928
Sánchez, A. R., Charry, G. P., & Burbano-Vallejo, E. L. (2024). Exploring the entrepreneurial landscape of university-industry collaboration on public university spin-off creation: A systematic literature review. Heliyon, e27258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27258.
Santos, R. M. S., de Ventura, S. A., de Nogueira, Y. J. A., Mendes, C. G., Paula, J. J., de Miranda, D. M., & Romano-Silva, M. A. (2024). The aAssociations bBetween Sscreen tTime and Mmental Hhealth in aAdults: A Ssystematic rReview. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-024-00398-7
Sarkar, G., & Shukla, S. K. (2023). Behavioral analysis of cybercrime: Paving the way for effective policing strategies. Journal of Economic Criminology, 2, 100034. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JECONC.2023.100034
Schlosser, A. E. (2020). Self-disclosure versus self-presentation on social media. Current Opinion in Psychology, 31, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.06.025
Seabrook, E. M., Kern, M. L., & Rickard, N. S. (2016). Social networking sites, depression, and anxiety: A systematic review. JMIR Mental Health, 3(4), e50. https://doi.org/10.2196/mental.5842
Shi, F., Xia, L., Shan, F., Song, B., Wu, D., Wei, Y., Yuan, H., Jiang, H., He, Y., Gao, Y., Sui, H., & Shen, D. (2021). Large-scale screening to distinguish between COVID-19 and community-acquired pneumonia using infection size-aware classification. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 66(6), 065031. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/abe838
Simak Kristamuliana, V. F., & Meo, M. L. N. (2023). The prevalence of pornography addiction, self-control, and its relationship with dating behaviour in adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Caring Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science, 5(2), 101–107. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v5i2.14285
Smith, D., Leonis, T., & Anandavalli, S. (2021). Belonging and loneliness in cyberspace: Impacts of social media on adolescents’ well-being. Australian Journal of Psychology, 73(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1898914
Soyler, A., Burmaoglu, S., & Kidak, L. B. (2024). The evolutionary path of medical waste management research: Insights from co-citation and co-word analysis. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X241227378
Stänicke, L. I., Reiremo, G. K., Scheie, S. I., Jessen, R. S., & Jensen, T. K. (2024). Navigating, being tricked, and blaming oneself—A meta-synthesis of youth’s experience of involvement in online child sexual abuse. Child & Family Social Work. https://doi.org/10.1111/cfs.13152
Stewart-Brown, S. (2005). Interpersonal relationships and the origins of mental health. Journal of Public Mental Health, 4(1), 24–29. https://doi.org/10.1108/17465729200500007
Su, Y., Li, H., Jiang, S., Li, Y., Li, Y., & Zhang, G. (2024). The relationship between nighttime exercise and problematic smartphone use before sleep and associated health issues: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 590. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18100-0
Sun, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2021). A review of theories and models applied in studies of social media addiction and implications for future research. Addictive Behaviors, 114, 106699. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2020.106699
Talan, T., Doğan, Y., & Kalinkara, Y. (2024). Effects of smartphone addiction, social media addiction and fear of missing out on university students’ phubbing: A structural equation model. Deviant Behavior, 45(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639625.2023.2235870
Testa, G., Mestre-Bach, G., Montejo-González, Á. L., & Chiclana-Actis, C. (2024). Impulsivity in the context of pornography use and compulsive sexual behavior. The Psychology and Neuroscience of Impulsivity, 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-13437-1.00007-0.
Throuvala, M. A., Griffiths, M. D., Rennoldson, M., & Kuss, D. J. (2021). Perceived challenges and online harms from social media use on a severity continuum: A qualitative psychological stakeholder perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 3227. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063227
Tillman, M., & Wells, B. E. (2023). An intersectional feminist analysis of women’s experiences of authenticity in pornography. The Journal of Sex Research, 60(6), 799–815. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2021.2024489
Turan, M. E., Adam, F., Kaya, A., & Yıldırım, M. (2024). The mediating role of the dark personality triad in the relationship between ostracism and social media addiction in adolescents. Education and Information Technologies, 29(4), 3885–3901. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12002-1
Tylka, T. L., & Kroon Van Diest, A. M. (2015). You looking at her “hot” body may not be “cool” for me. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 39(1), 67–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684314521784
Üzer, A., Uran, C., Yılmaz, E., Şahin, Ş. N., Ersin, M. K., Yılmaz, R. H., & Çıkla, A. (2024). The relationship between chronotype, psychological pain, problematic social media use, and suicidality among university students in Turkey. Chronobiology International, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2024.2320226.
Vaillancourt-Morel, M.-P., Blais-Lecours, S., Labadie, C., Bergeron, S., Sabourin, S., & Godbout, N. (2017). Profiles of cyberpornography use and sexual well-being in adults. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 14(1), 78–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.10.016
Vaillancourt-Morel, M.-P., Rosen, N. O., Štulhofer, A., Bosisio, M., & Bergeron, S. (2021). Pornography use and sexual health among same-sex and mixed-sex couples: An event-level dyadic analysis. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 50(2), 667–681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01839-z
van Zyl, L. E., Dik, B. J., Donaldson, S. I., Klibert, J. J., di Blasi, Z., van Wingerden, J., & Salanova, M. (2023). Positive organisational psychology 2.0: Embracing the technological revolution. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2023.2257640.
Vizcaíno-Cuenca, R., Romero-Sánchez, M., & Carretero-Dios, H. (2024). Making visible the myths about cyber-sexual violence against women: An analysis of social reactions toward victims on Twitter. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605231222876
Wang, X., Wong, Y. D., & Yuen, K. F. (2021). Rise of ‘lonely’ consumers in the post-COVID-19 era: A synthesised review on psychological, commercial and social implications. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 404. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020404
Weinstein, A. M. (2023). Problematic social networking site use-effects on mental health and the brain. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1106004.
Willoughby, B. J., & Dover, C. R. (2024). Context Mmatters: Moderating eEffects in the associations between pornography use, perceived addiction, and relationship well-being. The Journal of Sex Research, 61(1), 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2022.2148155
Wizła, M., & Lewczuk, K. (2024). Compulsive sexual behavior disorder and problematic pornography use in the context of social ties. Current Addiction Reports. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-024-00550-6
World Health Organization Guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2020.
Wu-Ouyang, B. (2022). Are smartphones addictive? Examining the cognitive-behavior model of motivation, leisure boredom, extended self, and fear of missing out on possible smartphone addiction. Telematics and Informatics, 71, 101834. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TELE.2022.101834
Xu, X., & Dan, Z. (2023). Exploring the evolution of energy research in hospitality: Mapping knowledge trends, insights, and frontiers. Energy Reports, 10, 864–880. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EGYR.2023.07.030
Yan, L., & Zhiping, W. (2023). Mapping the literature on academic publishing: A bibliometric analysis on WOS. SAGE Open, 13(1), 215824402311585. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231158562
Yang, B., Lei, Y., Li, X., & Li, N. (2024). Targeted transfer learning through distribution barycenter medium for intelligent fault diagnosis of machines with data decentralization. Expert Systems with Applications, 244, 122997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122997
Yao, X., Xu, Z., Škare, M., & Wang, X. (2024). Aftermath on COVID-19 technological and socioeconomic changes: A meta-analytic review. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 202, 123322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123322
Young, K. S. (2007). Clinical assessment of internet‐addicted clients. In Internet Addiction (pp. 19–34). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118013991.ch2.
Zhang, S., Su, W., Han, X., & Potenza, M. N. (2022). Rich get richer: Extraversion statistically predicts reduced internet addiction through less online anonymity preference and extraversion compensation. Behavioral Sciences, 12(6), 193. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12060193
Zhong, J., Shao, X., Xiao, H., Yang, R., & An, X. (2023). The research on the green leadership: A systematic review and theoretical framework. Environment, Development and Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03960-0
Zhou, X., Kang, C., Hu, Y., & Wang, X. (2023). Study on insulin resistance and ischemic cerebrovascular disease: A bibliometric analysis via CiteSpace. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1021378.
Zhu, J., Cao, C., Liu, H., Lim, E. T. K., & Tan, C.-W. (2024). Knowledge trajectory of eSports as an emerging field of research. Industrial Management & Data Systems. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-06-2023-0423
Funding
This research received funding from the Indian Council of Social Science Research Doctoral Fellowship (ICSSR), Government of India (Grant No. RFD/2022–23/SC/PSY/53), with the principal author being the recipient of this grant.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics Approval
Ethics approval for this study was not necessary.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Prasad, A., Subramanian, K. Mapping the Landscape of Internet Pornography, Loneliness, and Social Media Addiction: A CiteSpace Bibliometric Analysis. Int J Ment Health Addiction (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-024-01293-1
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-024-01293-1