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Dual-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with High Sensitivity and Narrow FWHM

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Abstract

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing methods enable highly sensitive, fast response, and label-free analysis of biomolecular interactions. For SPR sensors, sensitivity and full width at half maximum (FWHM) are two incompatible performance parameters. We propose a refractive index (RI) sensor using a dual-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and SPR effects to achieve high sensitivity and a narrow FWHM simultaneously. The air holes of the sensor appear in a hexagonal arrangement, and polishing technology introduces two polishing planes into the cladding. A gold film is deposited on one side of the polished plane to form a highly sensitive RI sensing channel. Five gold nanowires are deposited on the other side of the polished plane to form a RI sensing channel with a narrow FWHM. We analyzed and optimized its structural parameters using the finite element method and determined the optimal structural parameters. The numerical results demonstrate that the maximum sensitivity of the sensor is 21,000 nm/RIU with the narrowest FWHM of 31 nm. Therefore, measuring the refractive index simultaneously with two sensing channels increases the detection accuracy of the measurement. In addition, the findings further indicate that variations in structural parameters do not significantly impact the sensing performance of the sensor, which makes the production of the sensor relatively simple. In conclusion, our work provides a new research method for realizing high sensitivity and a narrow FWHM simultaneously.

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Data Availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12074331).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People’s Republic of China

    Zhibing Zhang, Shuguang Li, Zhiyong Yin, Sajid Ullah, XingWang Cui, Geng Li, Kaifeng Li, Chun Wang & Yinpeng Liu

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  1. Zhibing Zhang
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  2. Shuguang Li
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  3. Zhiyong Yin
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  4. Sajid Ullah
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  5. XingWang Cui
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  6. Geng Li
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  7. Kaifeng Li
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  8. Chun Wang
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  9. Yinpeng Liu
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Contributions

All the authors have made contributions to the model design, theoretical discussion, data processing, and writing revision of the study. Among them, Zhibing Zhang proposed the design of the original model and completed the model simulation and the writing of the paper; Shuguang Li guided all the work and was specifically responsible for the curve fitting of the refractive index data of the material; and Zhiyong Yin and other authors were mainly involved in the theoretical discussion, model improvement, and writing revision. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shuguang Li.

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Zhang, Z., Li, S., Yin, Z. et al. Dual-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with High Sensitivity and Narrow FWHM. Plasmonics 19, 495–504 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-023-01987-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-023-01987-7

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