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Energy Plasmon Modes in Metamaterial-filled Double-layer Graphene-wrapped Cylindrical Waveguides

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A Correction to this article was published on 09 April 2021

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Abstract

The characteristics of hybrid surface plasmon modes in a double-layer graphene cylindrical waveguide filled with metamaterials are theoretically investigated. The dispersion relation for different configurations of metamaterials (double positive (DPS)-graphene-double negative (DNG)-graphene-DPS and DNG-graphene-DPS-graphene-DNG) is derived by solving Maxwell’s equations for cylindrical symmetry and implementing impedance boundary conditions at the interface. The Kubo formalism is used for the modeling of the electromagnetic response of graphene. The influence of the interlayer distance of graphene, chemical potential of graphene, and permittivity of interlayer metamaterials on the dispersion curve, effective mode index, propagation length, and phase velocity are presented. It is observed that the existence of double layers of graphene along with metamaterials provides better control and tuning of the propagation of the surface waves. The coupled surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and surface phonon polariton (SPhP) in the optical regime are observed due to the coupling of electromagnetic waves between graphene layers. The forward- and backward-propagating surface waves for the fundamental mode are studied for different waveguide configurations. The active trapping of light and tunable fast and ultraslow plasmon modes for both forward and backward propagation modes for the proposed design may enable the realization of potential optoelectronic applications, such as modulators, fast forward-wave amplifiers, frequency selectors, back wave contra couplers, thermal sensors, circular polarizers, slow light devices, infrared (IR) and molecular spectroscopy, on-chip buffers, communication switches, and energy devices.

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Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research and Innovation, “Ministry of Education” in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project number IFKSURG-1436–012.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    M. Saeed & A. Ghaffar

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Majeed A. S. Alkanhal, Ali H. Alqahtani & Y. Khan

  3. Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Applied Engineering, King Saud University, Al-Muzahimiyah Branch, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Ali H. Alqahtani

Authors
  1. M. Saeed
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  2. Majeed A. S. Alkanhal
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  3. A. Ghaffar
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  4. Ali H. Alqahtani
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  5. Y. Khan
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Contributions

Maryam Saeed, A. Ghaffar, and Y. Khan derived analytical expressions and numerical analysis. They wrote the main manuscript text. Majeed Alkanhal and Ali H. Alqahtani developed methodology in the given study.

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Correspondence to A. Ghaffar or Y. Khan.

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The original online version of this article was revised: We have found an error in the affiliations of the two authors in the manuscript.

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Saeed, M., Alkanhal, M.A.S., Ghaffar, A. et al. Energy Plasmon Modes in Metamaterial-filled Double-layer Graphene-wrapped Cylindrical Waveguides. Plasmonics 16, 695–709 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-020-01328-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-020-01328-y

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