Abstract
Overlaying commensurate optical lattices with various configurations called superlattices can lead to exotic lattice topologies and, in turn, a discovery of novel physics. In this study, by overlapping the maxima of lattices, a new isolated structure is created, while the interference of minima can generate various “sublattice” patterns. Three different kinds of primitive lattices are used to demonstrate isolated square, triangular, and hexagonal “sublattice” structures in a two-dimensional optical superlattice, the patterns of which can be manipulated dynamically by tuning the polarization, frequency, and intensity of laser beams. In addition, we propose the method of altering the relative phase to adjust the tunneling amplitudes in “sublattices”. Our configurations provide unique opportunities to study particle entanglement in “lattices” formed by intersecting wells and to implement special quantum logic gates in exotic lattice geometries.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
I. M. Georgescu, S. Ashhab, and F. Nori, Quantum simulation, Rev. Mod. Phys. 86(1), 153 (2004)
T. Calarco, U. Dorner, P. S. Julienne, C. J. Williams, and P. Zoller, Quantum computations with atoms in optical lattices: Marker qubits and molecular interactions, Phys. Rev. A 70(1), 012306 (2004)
L. Niu, D. Hu, S. Jin, X. Dong, X. Chen, and X. Zhou, Excitation of atoms in an optical lattice driven by polychromatic amplitude modulation, Opt. Express 23(8), 10064 (2015)
D. Hu, L. Niu, B. Yang, X. Chen, B. Wu, H. Xiong, and X. Zhou, Long-time nonlinear dynamical evolution for P-band ultracold atoms in an optical lattice, Phys. Rev. A 92(4), 043614 (2015)
M. Greiner, O. Mandel, T. Esslinger, T. W. Hansch, and I. Bloch, Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms, Nature 415(6867), 39 (2002)
C. Becker, P. Soltan-Panahi, J. Kronjäger, S. Dörscher, K. Bongs, and K. Sengstock, Ultracold quantum gases in triangular optical lattices, New J. Phys. 12(6), 065025 (2010)
J. Sebby-Strabley, M. Anderlini, P. S. Jessen, and J. V. Porto, Lattice of double wells for manipulating pairs of cold atoms, Phys. Rev. A 73(3), 033605 (2006)
L. Santos, M. A. Baranov, J. I. Cirac, H. U. Everts, H. Fehrmann, and M. Lewenstein, Atomic quantum gases in Kagomé lattices, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(3), 030601 (2004)
G. B. Jo, J. Guzman, C. K. Thomas, P. Hosur, A. Vishwanath, and D. M. Stamper-Kurn, Ultracold atoms in a tunable optical Kagome lattice, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108(4), 045305 (2012)
J. K. Pachos and P. L. Knight, Quantum computation with a one-dimensional optical lattice, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(10), 107902 (2003)
G. K. Brennen, C. M. Caves, P. S. Jessen, and I. H. Deutsch, Quantum logic gates in optical lattices, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82(5), 1060 (1999)
L. Jiang, A. M. Rey, O. Romero-Isart, J. J. Garca- Ripoll, A. Sanpera, and M. D. Lukin, Preparation of decoherence-free cluster states with optical superlattices, Phys. Rev. A 79(2), 022309 (2009)
K. Nemoto, C. A. Holmes, G. J. Milburn, and W. J. Munro, Quantum dynamics of three coupled atomic Bose–Einstein condensates, Phys. Rev. A 63(1), 013604 (2000)
M. Hiller, T. Kottos, and T. Geisel, Complexity in parametric Bose–Hubbard Hamiltonians and structural analysis of eigenstates, Phys. Rev. A 73, 061604(R) (2006)
A. R. Kolovsky, Semiclassical quantization of the Bogoliubov spectrum, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(2), 020401 (2007)
R. Franzosi and V. Penna, Self-trapping mechanisms in the dynamics of three coupled Bose–Einstein condensates, Phys. Rev. A 65(1), 013601 (2001)
P. Hsieh, C. Chung, J. McMillan, M. Tsai, M. Lu, N. Panoiu, and C. W. Wong, Photon transport enhanced by transverse Anderson localization in disordered superlattices, Nat. Phys. 11(3), 268 (2015)
M. Kunitski, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, A. Kalinin, L. P. H. Schmidt, M. Schöffler, A. Czasch, W. Schöllkopf, R. E. Grisenti, T. Jahnke, D. Blume, and R. Dorner, Observation of the Efimov state of the helium trimer, Science 348(6234), 551 (2015)
X. Zhou, X. Xu, X. Chen, and J. Chen, Magic wavelengths for terahertz clock transitions, Phys. Rev. A 81(1), 012115 (2010)
X. Xu, B. Qing, X. Z. Chen, and X. J. Zhou, A simplified method for calculating the ac Stark shift of hyperfine levels of alkali-metal atoms, Phys. Lett. A 379(20–21), 1347 (2015)
P. Soltan-Panahi, J. Struck, P. Hauke, A. Bick, W. Plenkers, G. Meineke, C. Becker, P. Windpassinger, M. Lewenstein, and K. Sengstock, Multi-component quantum gases in spin-dependent hexagonal lattices, Nat. Phys. 7(5), 434 (2011)
A. S. Parkins and D. F. Walls, The physics of trapped dilute-gas Bose–Einstein condensates, Phys. Rep. 303(1), 1 (1998)
F. Dalfovo, S. Giorgini, L. P. Pitaevskii, and S. Stringari, Theory of Bose–Einstein condensation in trapped gases, Rev. Mod. Phys. 71(3), 463 (1999)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
arXiv: 1610.07896.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zou, XH., Yang, BG., Xu, X. et al. Isolated structures in two-dimensional optical superlattice. Front. Phys. 12, 123201 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-016-0626-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-016-0626-x