Abstract
Noble metallic nanostructures exhibit special optical properties resulting from excitation of surface plasmons. Among the various metallic nanostructures, nanorods have attracted particular attention because of their unique and intriguing shape-dependent plasmonic properties. Nanorods can support transverse and longitudinal plasmon modes, the latter ones depending strongly on the aspect ratio of the nanorod. These modes can be routinely tuned from the visible to the near-infrared spectral regions. Although nanorods have been investigated extensively, there are few studies devoted to nanostructures deviating from the nanorod shape. This review provides an overview of recent progress in the development of two kinds of novel quasi-one-dimensional silver nanostructures, nanorice and nanocarrot, including their syntheses, crystalline characterizations, plasmonic property analyses, and performance in plasmonic sensing applications.
References
W. A. Murray and W. L. Barnes, Plasmonic materials, Adv. Mater. 19(22), 3771 (2007)
H. Wei and H. X. Xu, Plasmonics in composite nanostructures, Mater. Today 17(8), 372 (2014)
L. M. Tong, H. Wei, S. P. Zhang, Z. P. Li, and H. X. Xu, Optical properties of single coupled plasmonic nanoparticles, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 15(12), 4100 (2013)
L. M. Tong and H. X. Xu, Frontiers of plasmonics, Front. Phys. 9(1), 1 (2014)
O. Stranik, J. Jatschka, A. Csakiand, and W. Fritzsche, Development of new classes of plasmon active nano-structures and their application in bio-sensing and energy guiding, Front. Phys. 9(5), 652 (2014)
K. M. Mayer and J. H. Hafner, Localized surface plasmon resonance sensors, Chem. Rev. 111(6), 3828 (2011)
H. X. Xu, E. J. Bjerneld, M. Kall, and L. Borjesson, Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface enhanced Raman scattering, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(21), 4357 (1999)
H. X. Xu, J. Aizpurua, M. Kall, and P. Apell, Electromagnetic contributions to single-molecule sensitivity in surfaceenhanced Raman scattering, Phys. Rev. E 62, 4318 (2000)
H. Y. Liang, Z. P. Li, W. Z. Wang, Y. S. Wu, and H. X. Xu, Highly surface-roughened “flower-like” silver nanoparticles for extremely sensitive substrates of surface-enhanced Raman scattering, Adv. Mater. 21(45), 4614 (2009)
H. Y. Liang, Z. P. Li, Z. X. Wang, W. Z. Wang, F. Rosei, D. L. Ma, and H. X. Xu, Enormous surface-enhanced Raman scattering from dimers of flower-like silver mesoparticles, Small 8(22), 3400 (2012)
H. X. Xu, Theoretical study of coated spherical metallic nanoparticles for single-molecule surface-enhanced spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85(24), 5980 (2004)
H. Wei and H. X. Xu, Hot spots in different metal nanostructures for plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Nanoscale 5(22), 10794 (2013)
A. M. Michaels, J. Jiang, and L. Brus, Ag nanocrystal junctions as the site for surface-enhanced Raman scattering of single Rhodamine 6G molecules, J. Phys. Chem. B 104(50), 11965 (2000)
M. Moskovits, Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: A brief retrospective, J. Raman Spectrosc. 36(6–7), 485 (2005)
J. F. Li, Y. F. Huang, Y. Ding, Z. L. Yang, S. B. Li, X. S. Zhou, F. R. Fan, W. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhou, Y. Wu, B. Ren, Z. L. Wang, and Z. Q. Tian, Shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Nature 464(7287), 392 (2010)
F. Z. Cong, H. Wei, X. R. Tian, and H. X. Xu, A facile synthesis of branched silver nanowire structures and its applications in surface-enhanced Raman scattering, Front. Phys. 7(5), 521 (2012)
Z. H. Kim, Single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering: Current status and future perspective, Front. Phys. 9(1), 25 (2014)
Y. S. Yamamoto, M. Ishikawa, Y. Ozaki, and T. Itoh, Fundamental studies on enhancement and blinking mechanism of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and basic applications of SERS biological sensing, Front. Phys. 9(1), 31 (2014)
L. M. Tong, H. Wei, S. P. Zhang, and H. X. Xu, Recent advances in plasmonic sensors, Sensors 14(5), 7959 (2014)
H. X. Xu and M. Kall, Modeling the optical response of nanoparticle-based surface plasmon resonance sensors, Sens. Actuators B Chem. 87(2), 244 (2002)
H. X. Xu and M. Käll, Surface-plasmon-enhanced optical forces in silver nanoaggregates, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89(24), 246802 (2002)
F. Svedberg, Z. P. Li, H. X. Xu, and M. Käll, Creating hot nanoparticle pairs for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy through optical manipulation, Nano Lett. 6(12), 2639 (2006)
M. L. Juan, M. Righini, and R. Quidant, Plasmon nanooptical tweezers, Nat. Photonics 5(6), 349 (2011)
T. Shegai, Z. P. Li, T. Dadosh, Z. Y. Zhang, H. X. Xu, and G. Haran, Managing light polarization via plasmon-molecule interactions within an asymmetric metal nanoparticle trimer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105(43), 16448 (2008)
V. Giannini, A. I. Fernández-Domínguez, S. C. Heck, and S. A. Maier, Plasmonic nanoantennas: fundamentals and their use in controlling the radiative properties of nanoemitters, Chem. Rev. 111(6), 3888 (2011)
Z. P. Li, T. Shegai, G. Haran, and H. X. Xu, Multipleparticle nanoantennas for enormous enhancement and polarization control of light emission, ACS Nano 3(3), 637 (2009)
B. S. Guiton, V. Iberi, S. Li, D. N. Leonard, C. M. Parish, P. G. Kotula, M. Varela, G. C. Schatz, S. J. Pennycook, and J. P. Camden, Correlated optical measurements and plasmon mapping of silver nanorods, Nano Lett. 11(8), 3482 (2011)
A. L. Schmucker, N. Harris, M. J. Banholzer, M. G. Blaber, K. D. Osberg, G. C. Schatz, and C. A. Mirkin, Correlating nanorod structure with experimentally measured and theoretically predicted surface plasmon resonance, ACS Nano 4(9), 5453 (2010)
S. P. Zhang, L. Chen, Y. Z. Huang, and H. X. Xu, Reduced linewidth multipolar plasmon resonances in metal nanorods and related applications, Nanoscale 5(15), 6985 (2013)
S. Link and M. A. El-Sayed, Spectral properties and relaxation dynamics of surface plasmon electronic oscillations in gold and silver nanodots and nanorods, J. Phys. Chem. B 103(40), 8410 (1999)
L. Vigderman, B. P. Khanal, and E. R. Zubarev, Functional gold nanorods: Synthesis, self-assembly, and sensing applications., Adv. Mater. 24(36), 4811, 5014 (2012)
J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. G. de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy, Phys. Rev. B 71(23), 235420 (2005)
M. B. Mohamed, V. Volkov, S. Link, and M. A. El-Sayed, The “lightning” gold nanorods: Fluorescence enhancement of over a million compared to the gold metal, Chem. Phys. Lett. 317(6), 517 (2000)
G. W. Bryant, F. J. García de Abajo, and J. Aizpurua, Mapping the plasmon resonances of metallic nanoantennas, Nano Lett. 8(2), 631 (2008)
H. Y. Liang, W. Z. Wang, Y. Z. Huang, S. P. Zhang, H. Wei, and H. X. Xu, Controlled synthesis of uniform silver nanospheres, J. Phys. Chem. C 114(16), 7427 (2010)
D. Rossouw and G. A. Botton, Resonant optical excitations in complementary plasmonic nanostructures, Opt. Express 20(7), 6968 (2012)
A. V. Kabashin, P. Evans, S. Pastkovsky, W. Hendren, G. A. Wurtz, R. Atkinson, R. Pollard, V. A. Podolskiy, and A. V. Zayats, Plasmonic nanorod metamaterials for biosensing, Nat. Mater. 8(11), 867 (2009)
P. Zijlstra, P. M. R. Paulo, and M. Orrit, Optical detection of single non-absorbing molecules using the surface plasmon resonance of a gold nanorod, Nat. Nanotechnol. 7(6), 379 (2012)
H. Y. Liang, H. X. Yang, W. Z. Wang, J. Q. Li, and H. X. Xu, High-yield uniform synthesis and microstructuredetermination of rice-shaped silver nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131(17), 6068 (2009)
H. Y. Liang, D. Rossouw, H. G. Zhao, S. K. Cushing, H. L. Shi, A. Korinek, H. X. Xu, F. Rosei, W. Z. Wang, N. Q. Wu, G. A. Botton, and D. L. Ma, Asymmetric silver “nanocarrot” structures: Solution synthesis and their asymmetric plasmonic resonances, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135(26), 9616 (2013)
H. Y. Liang, H. G. Zhao, D. Rossouw, W. Z. Wang, H. X. Xu, G. A. Botton, and D. L. Ma, Silver nanorice structures: Oriented attachment-dominated growth, high environmental sensitivity, and real-space visualization of multipolar resonances, Chem. Mater. 24(12), 2339 (2012)
H. Wei, A. Reyes-Coronado, P. Nordlander, J. Aizpurua, and H. X. Xu, Multipolar plasmon resonances in individual Ag nanorice, ACS Nano 4(5), 2649 (2010)
X. Tong, H. Y. Liang, Y. L. Liu, L. Tan, D. L. Ma, and Y. Zhao, Anisotropic optical properties of oriented silver nanorice and nanocarrots in stretched polymer films, Nanoscale 7(19), 8858 (2015)
F. López-Tejeira, R. Paniagua-Domínguez, and J. A. Sánchez-Gil, High-performance nanosensors based on plasmonic Fano-like interference: Probing refractive index with individual nanorice and nanobelts, ACS Nano 6(10), 8989 (2012)
J. S. Sekhon and S. S. Verma, Refractive index sensitivity analysis of Ag, Au, and Cu nanoparticles, Plasmonics 6(2), 311 (2011)
X. R. Tian, Y. R. Fang, and B. L. Zhang, Multipolar Fano resonances and Fano-assisted optical activity in silver nanorice heterodimers, ACS Photonics 1(11), 1156 (2014)
L. Chen, H. Wei, K. Q. Chen, and H. X. Xu, High-order plasmon resonances in an Ag/Al2O3 core/shell nanorice, Chin. Phys. B 23(2), 027303 (2014)
S. Shanmukh, L. Jones, J. Driskell, Y. P. Zhao, R. Dluhy, and R. A. Tripp, Rapid and sensitive detection of respiratory virus molecular signatures using a silver nanorod array SERS substrate, Nano Lett. 6(11), 2630 (2006)
M. Li, S. K. Cushing, H. Y. Liang, S. Suri, D. L. Ma, and N. Q. Wu, Plasmonic nanorice antenna on triangle nanoarray for surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection of hepatitis B virus DNA, Anal. Chem. 85(4), 2072 (2013)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is published with open access at www.springer.com/11467 and journal.hep.com.cn/fop
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Liang, HY., Wei, H. & Xu, HX. Deviating from the nanorod shape: Shape-dependent plasmonic properties of silver nanorice and nanocarrot structures. Front. Phys. 11, 117301 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-015-0524-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-015-0524-7
Keywords
- electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)
- localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
- multipolar longitudinal plasmon mode
- nanocarrot
- nanorice
- plasmonic sensing