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A discrete element model to link the microseismic energies recorded in caprock to geomechanics

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Abstract

A discrete element model is presented to study slip-induced microseismic events along weak planes and crack-induced microseismic events within the intact rock for a representative elementary volume, REV, in the caprock of Weyburn reservoir. Also, the effect of varying factors such as orientation, coefficient of friction and elasticity of the weak plane on release of microseismic energies is studied. According to the results, for the conditions studied in this paper, the magnitudes of slip-induced events range from ~−1 to −6, while crack-induced events range from ~−7 to −11. Considering the capability of geophones, this suggests that events “recorded” in the caprock are more likely to have slip origins along weak planes than having crack origins within the intact rock. In order to show the applicability of the model in practice, the events recorded in the caprock of Weyburn from September to November of 2010 are analyzed. Also, a simple model is presented that correlates the amount of consumed energy per volume of the REV with the seismic energy released due to stick–slips along a weak plane. The results show that weak planes can be emissive even long before the failure of their surrounding is reached, and therefore, there can be a level of tolerance for the observed microseismic events in the caprock.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Don White, Neil Wildgust, Joseph Laszlo and Norm Sacuta from PTRC for providing us with the Weyburn database including MS data. The comments by Alireza Ashrafi Moghadam and anonymous reviewers on the paper are greatly appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NREF/CNRL Markin Bldg, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2W2, Canada

    Cyrus Khazaei & Rick Chalaturnyk

  2. Itasca Consulting Group Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Jim Hazzard

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  1. Cyrus Khazaei
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  2. Jim Hazzard
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  3. Rick Chalaturnyk
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Correspondence to Cyrus Khazaei.

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Khazaei, C., Hazzard, J. & Chalaturnyk, R. A discrete element model to link the microseismic energies recorded in caprock to geomechanics. Acta Geotech. 11, 1351–1367 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-016-0489-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-016-0489-x

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