Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Insight into the covalent grafting of organic films onto carbon steel surfaces for protection

  • Article
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Published:
Chinese Science Bulletin

Abstract

The novel use of p-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salt (GG salt) as a protectant that is electrochemically grafted onto carbon steel has been investigated in 0.05 mol L−1 H2SO4 and 5 wt% NaCl solutions using various corrosion monitoring techniques, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarisation, infrared spectra and scanning electron microscopy measurements. The electrochemical study reveals that this compound is a mixed inhibitor that predominantly controls the cathodic reaction. The surface-grafted film decreases the double-layer capacitance and obviously increases the charge transfer resistance relative to a bare carbon electrode. The values of inhibition effect remain nearly unchanged with an increase in temperature range of 298–318 K. The aryl diazonium is covalently bonded on the steel surface, causing a slight decrease in the apparent activation energy. Overall, the surface-grafted films exhibit excellent inhibition performance in acid and saline solutions within the studied temperature range.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Wang ZY, Yu QC, Wang C et al (2012) Corrosion behaviors of steels in marine atmospheric environment with SO2 pollution. Sci China Chem 57:2991–2998

    Google Scholar 

  2. Quartarone G, Bonaldo L, Tortato C (2006) Inhibitive action of indole-5-carboxylic acid towards corrosion of mild steel in deaerated 0.5 M sulfuric acid solutions. Appl Surf Sci 252:8251–8257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Hegazy MA, Hasan Ali M, Emara MM (2012) Evaluating four synthesized Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitors on the carbon steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid. Corros Sci 65:67–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Jafari H, Danaee I, Eskandari H et al (2013) Electrochemical and theoretical studies of adsorption and corrosion inhibition of N, N′-bis(2-hydroxyethoxyacetophenone)-2,2-dimethyl-1,2-propanediimine on low carbon steel (API 5L grade B) in acidic solution. Ind Eng Chem Res 52:6617–6632

    Google Scholar 

  5. Elayyachy M, El Idrissi A, Hammouti B (2006) New thio-compounds as corrosion inhibitor for steel in 1 M HCl. Corros Sci 48:2470–2479

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Hegazy MA, Badawi AM, Abd El Rehim SS et al (2013) Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel using novel N-(2-(2-mercaptoacetoxy)ethyl)-N, N-dimethyl dodecan-1-aminium bromide during acid pickling. Corros Sci 66:110–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Delamar M, Hitmi R, Pinson J et al (1992) Covalent modification of carbon surfaces by grafting of functionalized aryl radicals produced from electrochemical reduction of diazonium salts. J Am Chem Soc 114:5883–5884

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Pinson J, Podvorica F (2005) Attachment of organic layers to conductive or semiconductive surfaces by reduction of diazonium salts. Chem Soc Rev 34:429–439

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Belanger D, Pinson J (2011) Electrografting: a powerful method for surface modification. Chem Soc Rev 40:3995–4048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Jiang DE, Sumpter BG, Dai S (2006) Structure and bonding between an aryl group and metal surface. J Am Chem Soc 128:6030–6031

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Jiang DE, Sumpter BG, Dai S (2006) How do aryl groups attach to a graphene sheet? J Phys Chem B 110:23628–23632

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Evrard D, Lambert F, Policar C et al (2008) Electrochemical functionalization of carbon surfaces by aromatic azide or alkyne molecules: a versatile platform for click chemistry. Chem Eur J 14:9286–9291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Combellas C, Delamar M, Kanoufi F et al (2005) Spontaneous grafting of iron surfaces by reduction of aryldiazonium salts in acidic or neutral aqueous solution. Application to the protection of iron against corrosion. Chem Mater 17:3968–3975

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Aramaki K, Shimura T (2008) Preparation of ultrathin polymer coatings adsorbed on iron via a covalent bond by multistep modification of a hydroxymethylbenzene SAM with ethoxysilanes and alkanediol for preventing iron corrosion in 0.5 M NaCl. Corros Sci 50:2407–2414

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Yan YG, Xu QJ, Cai WB (2006) Study of electroadsorption of aromatic molecules on Pt electrodes with surface enhanced IR absorption spectroscopy. Acta Chim Sin 64:458–462

    Google Scholar 

  16. Musa AY, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB et al (2010) On the inhibition of mild steel corrosion by 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-trizole-3-thiol. Corros Sci 52:526–533

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Abdallah M, Helal EA, Fouda AS (2006) Aminopyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors for corrosion of 1018 carbon steel in nitric acid solution. Corros Sci 48:1639–1654

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ferreira ES, Giacomelli C, Spinelli A (2004) Evaluation of the inhibitor effect of l-ascorbic acid on the corrosion of mild steel. Mater Chem Phys 83:129–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Riggs OL (1974) Corrosion Inhibitors. Mater Corros 25:704–803

    Google Scholar 

  20. Ayyannan G, Karthikeyan K, Vivekananthan SS et al (2013) Chemical and electrochemical investigations of high carbon steel corrosion inhibition in 10% HCl medium by quinoline chalcones. Ionics 19:919–932

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Moradi M, Duan JZ, Du XQ (2013) Investigation of the effect of 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3one inhibition on the corrosion of carbon steel in Bacillus sp. inoculated artificial seawater. Corros Sci 69:338–345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Liu XY, Ma HY, Miao S et al (2009) Self-assembled monolayers of stearic imidazoline on copper electrodes detected using electrochemical measurements, XPS, molecular simulation and FTIR. Sci China Chem 54:374–381

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ramesh Saliyan V, Adhikari AV (2008) Quinolin-5-ylmethylene-3-{[8-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]thio}propanohydrazide as an effective inhibitor of mild steel corrosion in HCl solution. Corros Sci 50:55–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Ozcan M, Dehri J, Erbil M (2004) Organic sulphur containing compounds as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic media: correlation between inhibition efficiency and chemical structure. Appl Surf Sci 236:155–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ma HY, Cheng XL, Li GQ et al (2000) The influence of hydrogen sulfide on corrosion of iron under different conditions. Corros Sci 42:1669–1683

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Yadav DK, Quraishi MA (2012) Application of some condensed uracils as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel: gravimetric, electrochemical, surface morphological, UV-visible, and theoretical investigations. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:14966–14979

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Farag AA, Hegazy MA (2013) Synergistic inhibition effect of potassium iodide and novel Schiff bases on X65 steel corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4. Corros Sci 74:168–177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Singh AK, Quraishi MA (2010) Effect of Cefazolin on the corrosion of mild steel in HCl solution. Corros Sci 52:152–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Huo SJ, Zhu Q, Chu CS et al (2012) Anticorrosive behavior of AMT on cobalt electrode: from electrochemical methods to surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy Study. J Phys Chem C 116:20269–20280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Oguzie EE, Li Y, Wang FH (2007) Effect of 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid (cysteine) on the corrosion behaviour of low carbon steel in sulphuric acid. Electrochim Acta 53:909–91433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Hegazy MA (2009) A novel Schiff base-based cationic gemini surfactants: synthesis and effect on corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Corros Sci 51:2610–2618

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Yang HF, Sun YP, Ji JH et al (2008) 2-mercaptobenzothiazole monolayers on zinc and silver surfaces for anticorrosion. Corros Sci 50:3160–3167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Juttner K (1990) Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of corrosion processes on inhomogeneous surfaces. Electrochim Acta 35:1501–1508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Khaled KF (2010) Corrosion control of copper in nitric acid solutions using some amino acids—a combined experimental and theoretical study. Corros Sci 52:3225–3234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Popova A, Sokolova E, Raicheva S et al (2003) AC and DC study of the temperature effect on mild steel corrosion in acid media in the presence of benzimidazole derivatives. Corros Sci 45:33–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Popova A (2005) Temperature effect on mild steel corrosion in acid media in presence of azoles. Corros Sci 49:2144–2158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Szauer T, Brandt A (1981) Electrosorption bond theory in the Hartree-Fock approximation. Electrochimi Acta 26:1209–1217

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21103105), the Foundation for University Youth Teachers by the Shanghai Education Committee, and the Innovation Fund of Shanghai University (50334040).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Science College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China

    Sheng-Juan Huo, Li-Hong Chen, Chen-Sheng Chu & Jian-Hui Fang

Authors
  1. Sheng-Juan Huo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Li-Hong Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Chen-Sheng Chu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jian-Hui Fang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sheng-Juan Huo.

About this article

Cite this article

Huo, SJ., Chen, LH., Chu, CS. et al. Insight into the covalent grafting of organic films onto carbon steel surfaces for protection. Chin. Sci. Bull. 59, 971–980 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-014-0162-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-014-0162-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation