Abstract
The Liu Wei Di Huang Wan is a formula of a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat asthma patients and has been shown to have several important properties, such as antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. The influence of an extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m was investigated. Anticoagulated blood (Wistar rats) was incubated with the extract, stannous chloride and technetium-99m, as sodium pertechnetate. Samples were centrifuged and aliquots of plasma and blood cells were separated and precipitated with trichloroacetic acid, to obtain soluble and insoluble fractions of the blood constituents. The percentage of radioactivity (%ATI) in all the fractions was determined. The analysis of the results shows that the extract at the highest concentration used (70 mg/mL) decreased significantly (P<0.05) the %ATI (from 96.48 ± 1.19 to 54.46 ± 7.38) on blood cells compartment, (from 81.11 ± 4.15 to 61.33 ± 4.74) on insoluble fractions of blood cells and (from 65.91 ± 2.44 to 13.15 ± 3.62) on insoluble fractions of plasma. In conclusion, the results suggest that the substances present on this extract can alter this labeling process, probably due to (i) redox properties (antioxidant and chelator activities) and/or (ii) specific actions in the binding sites where the 99mTc would be bound on the blood constituents. As a consequence, precaution is suggested on the interpretation of the nuclear medicine results from performed with blood constituents labeled with 99mTc in patients that have undertaken LWDHW, although the current findings were obtained in experimental animal models.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Rotblatt M, Ziment I. Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, 2002
Saba A B, Oyagbemi A A, Azeez O I. Antidiabetic and haematinic effects of Parquetina nigrescens on alloxan induced type-1 diabetes and normocytic normochromic anaemia in Wistar rats. Afr Health Sci, 2010, 10: 276–283
Firenzuoli F, Gori L, Neri D. Clinical phytotherapy: Opportunities and problematic. Ann Ist Super Sanita, 2005, 41: 27–33
Licciardi P V, Underwood J R. Plant-derived medicines: A novel class of immunological adjuvants. Int Immunopharmacol, 2011, 11: 390–398
Suzuki N. Complementary and alternative Medicine: A Japanese perspective. Adv Accounts Publ, 2004, 1: 113–118
Fu J, Sun X, Wang J, et al. Progress in quantitative analysis of plant hormones. Chin Sci Bull, 2011, 56: 355–366
Botsaris A S. Fitoterapia Chinesa e Plantas Brasileiras. ed. 2. Ícone: São Paulo, 2002
Shen J J, Lin C J, Huang J L, et al. The effect of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan on cytokine gene expression from human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Am J Chin Med, 2003, 31: 247–257
Yu C S, Fei L. Guia Clínico de Ervas e Fórmulas na Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, 1aed, São Paulo: Roca, 1996
Zhufan X, Jiazhen L. Medicina Interna Traditional Chinesa: Diabetes Melitus, 1aed, São Paulo: Roca, 1997
Kang D G, Sohn E J, Moon M K, et al. Yukmijihwang-tang ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced renal injury in rats. J Ethnopharm, 2006, 104: 47–53
Wei X L. Studies on learning and memory function-related genes in the hipocampus and the relationship between the cognitive enhancing effect of liuwei dihuang decoction (LW) and gene expression. Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan, 2000, 31: 227–230
Rho S W, Kang M K, Choi B O, et al. Effects of Yukmijihwang-tang derivatives (YMJD), a memory enhancing herbal extract, on the gene-expression profile in the rat hippocampus. Biol Pharm Bull, 2005, 28: 87–93
Hyekyung H, Jun Kyoung L, Ho Young L, et al. Evaluation of genotoxicity of Yukmijihwang-tang, a herbal formula. Regul Toxicol Pharm, 2011, 59: 391–396
Giani T S, Paoli S, Presta G A, et al. An extract of a formula used in the traditional Chinese medicine (Buzhong Yi Qi Wan) alters the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m. Braz Arch Biol Technol, 2007, 50: 111–116
De K, Chandra S, Misra M. Assessment of the effect of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. Extract on the labeling of blood elements with technetium-99m and on the morphology of red blood cells. Braz J Pharmacogn, 2009, 19: 664–671
Hladik III W B, Saha G B, Study K T. Essentials of Nuclear Medicine Science. Sidney: Williams and Wilkins, 1987
Saha G B. Fundamentals of Nuclear Pharmacy, New York: Springer-Verlag, 2010
Santos-Filho S D, Diré G L, Lima E, et al. Effect of Mentha crispa (mint) Extract on the labeling of blood elements with technetium-99m: A possible evaluation of free radicals. J Biol Sci, 2004, 4: 266–270
Abreu P R, Almeida M C, Bernardo R M, et al. Guava extract (Psidium guajava) alters the labeling of blood contituents with tecnetium-99m. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B, 2006, 6: 429–435
Moreno S R F, Silva A L S, Diré G, et al. Effect of oral ingestion of an extract of the herb Uncaria tomentosa on the biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate in rats. Braz J Med Biol Res, 2007, 40: 77–80
Madar I, Ravert H, DiPaula A, et al. Assessment of severity of coronary artery stenosis in a canine model using the PET agent 18F-fluorobenzyl triphenyl phosphonium: Comparison with 99mTc-Tetro-fosmin. J Nucl Med, 2007, 48: 1021–1030
Frydman J N, Rocha V C, Benarroz M O, et al. Assessment of effects of a Cordia salicifolia extract on the radiolabeling of blood constituents and on the morphology of red blood cells. J Med Food, 2008, 11: 767–772
Bustani H, Colavolpe C, Imbert-Joscht I, et al. Chocolate intake associated with failed labeling of 99mTc red blood Cells. J Nucl Med Technol, 2009, 37: 107–110
Holanda C M, Silva-Júnior M F, Barbosa V S, et al. The effect of the Rochagan on Radiolabeling with (99m)Tc. Cell Mol Biol, 2009, 55: 23–28
Early P J, Sodee D B. Principles and Practive of Nuclear Medicine. 2nd ed. London: Mosby Year Book, 1996
Wong K T, Beauvais M M, Melchior W R, et al. Enhanced liver uptake of Tc-99m-labeled RBCs during gastrointestinal bleed scintigraphy using transfused RBCs compared with autologous RBCs. Clin Nucl Med, 2004, 29: 522–523
Verdu J, Martinez A, Anton M A, et al. Increased thallium-201 uptake and Tc-99m red blood cell accumulation in hemangioma. Clin Nucl Med, 2005, 30: 25–26
Olds G D, Cooper G S, Chak A, et al. The yield of bleeding scans in acute lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. J Clin Gastroenterol, 2005, 39: 273–277
Fernandes J F O, Brito L C, Santos-Filho S D, et al. An aqueous extract of Pfaffia sp. does not alter the labeling blood constituents with technetium-99m and the morphology of the red blood cells. Braz J Pharmacogn, 2005, 15: 126–132
Oliveira J F, Oliveira M B, Ávila A S, et al. Assement of the effect of Fucus vesiculosus extract on the blood constituents with technetium-99m and the histological modifications on the shape of the red blood cells. Food Chem Toxicol, 2003, 41: 15–20
Fonseca A S, Frydman J N, Rocha V C, et al. Acetylsalicylic acid decreases the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m. Acta Biol Hung, 2007, 58: 187–198
Bernardo-Filho M, Santos-Filho S D, Moura E G, et al. Drug interaction with radiopharmaceuticals: A review. Braz Arch Biol Technol, 2005, 48: 13–27
Firenzuoli F, Gori L. Herbal Medicine Today: Clinical and Research Issues. Evid Based Compl Alter Med, 2007, 4: 37–40
Halberstein R A. Medicinal Plants: Historical and cross-cultural usage patterns. Ann Epidemiol, 2005, 15: 686–699
Hosbach I, Neeb G, Hager S, et al. In defense of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Anesthesia, 2003, 58: 282–283
Souza D E, Souza R S S, Manoel C V, et al. M. Acupuncture stimulation at Taixi Point: Effect on Technetium-99m methylenediphosphonate bioavailability in rats. Med Acupunct, 2011, 23: 93–99
Senna-Fernandes V, França D L, Santos K C, et al. Effect of Zusanli (ST.36) electroacupuncture at two frequencies on the bioavailability of (99m)Tc-sodium pertechnetate and on labeling of blood constituents in rats. J Acupunct Meridian Stud, 2009, 2: 135–146
Chaudhary M I, Qing H, Xiao G P, et al. Clematis huchounsis Tamura: A traditional Chinese herbal medicine and its quality control using a high performance liquid chromatography technique. Biol Pharm Bull, 2007, 30: 165–168
Mousinho K C, Correia M B L, Barros A L S, et al. Avaliação do controle radioquímico do Ricinus communis L. e Tc-99m na marcação de hemácias. Braz J Pharmacogn, 2009, 19: 449–451
Oliveira J F, Santos-Filho S D, Catanho M T J A, et al. Effect of extract of medicinal plants on the labeling of the elements with technetium-99m and on the morphology of red blood cells (RBC): Toxicological actions of roast coffee beans (Coffea arabica). Indian J Nucl Med, 2003b, 18: 52–56
Moreno S R F, Freitas R S, Rocha E K, et al. Protection of plasmid DNA by a Ginkgo biloba extract from the effects of stannous chloride and the action on the labeling of blood elements with technetium-99m. Braz. J Med Biol Res, 2004, 37: 267–271
Reineger I W, Silva C R, Felzenszwalb I, et al. Boldine action against the stannous chloride effect. J Ethnopharmacol, 1999, 68: 345–348
Diré G, Gomes M L, Lima E A C, et al. Effect of Sechium edule extract of the Biochemical determination and on molecular and cellular levels. Pak J Biol Sci, 2004, 4: 146–150
Carmo F S, Diniz C L, Pereira M O, et al. Characterization of physicochemical parameters and the effect on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m of a Solanum melongena commercial extract. J Med Plants Res, 2011, 5: 5598–5604
Chen Y, Kang Z, Yan J, et al. Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, induces CYP1A2 while suppressing CYP2A6 and N-acetyltransferase 2 activities in man. J Ethnopharmacol, 2010, 132: 213–218
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
Rights and permissions
This article is published under an open access license. Please check the 'Copyright Information' section either on this page or in the PDF for details of this license and what re-use is permitted. If your intended use exceeds what is permitted by the license or if you are unable to locate the licence and re-use information, please contact the Rights and Permissions team.
About this article
Cite this article
Matos, V.S.d., Carmo, F.S.d., Diniz, C.L. et al. An aqueous extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan alters the labeling of blood constituents with Technetium-99m. Chin. Sci. Bull. 58, 2061–2065 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-013-5778-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-013-5778-2