Abstract
We have devised a high-throughput functional cloning method to isolate cDNAs from Phytophthora boehmeriae of which the products elicit a hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco. The cDNAs were cloned into a binary potato virus X (PVX)-based expression vector and transformed into Agrobacterium tumefeciens (Mog101). 4100 colonies were individually toothpick-inoculated onto leaflets of Nicotiana benthamiana. 12 cDNAs were identified whose expression induced formation of a necrotic lesion around the inoculation site. 7 of these clones have different sequences. One of these clones PBC43 encodes specific elicitin. Clone PBC163 encodes a protein highly homologous to Rab; PBC241 encodes a prohibitin protein; PBN62 encodes a Heat Shock Protein 60 (HSP60). The other five cDNAs reveal no homology to known protein and are thus considered novel. These observations suggest that this functional screening method is a versatile strategy to identify cDNAs of pathogens that encode elicitors and other HR-inducing proteins.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kamoun S. Nonhost resistance to Phytophthora: Novel prospects for a classical problem. Curr Opin Plant Biol, 2001, 4: 295–300
Baker B. Signaling in plant-microbe interaction. Science, 1997, 276: 726–733
Kamoun S, Klucher K M, Coffey M D. A gene encoding a host-specific elicitor protein of Phytophthora parasitica. Mol Plant Microbe Interact, 1993, 6(5): 573–581
Kamoun S, West P, Vleeshouwers V G. Resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana to Phytophthora infestans is mediated by the recognition of the elicitor protein INF1. Plant Cell, 1998, 10: 1413–1426
Kamoun S. A catalogue of the effector secretome of plant pathogenic oomycetes. Ann Rev Phytopathol, 2006, 44: 41–60
Zhang Z G, Wang Y C, Zheng X B. Systemic acquired resistance induced by a new 90 kD extracellular elicitor protein. Acta Phytopathol Sin (in Chinese), 2002, 32: 338–346
Umemoto N. The structure and function of a soybean β-glucanelicitor binding protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1997, 94: 1029–1034
Ligterink W. Receptor-mediated activation of a MAP Kinase in pathogen defense of plants. Science, 1997, 276: 2054–2057
Yu L M. Elicitin from Phytophthora and basic resistance in tabacco. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1995, 92: 4088–4094
Huitema E, Vleeshouwers V G, Cakir C, et al. Differences in intensity and specificity of hypersensitive response induction in Nicotiana spp. by INF1, INF2A, and INF2B of Phytophthora infestans. Mol Plant Microbe Interact, 2005, 18(3): 183–193
Zhang Z G, Wang Y C, Zheng X B. Bioactivity and stability of 90 kD extracellular protein elicitor from Phytophthora boehmeriae. Acta Phytopathol Sin (in Chinese), 2001, 31: 213–218
Zhang Z G, Wang Y C, Li J, et al. The role of SA in the hypersensitive response and systemic acquired resistance induced by elicitor PB90 from Phytophthora boehmeirae. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 2004, 65: 31–34
Li J, Zhang Z G, Ji R, et al. Hydrogen peroxide regulates elicitor PB90-induced cell death and defense in non-heading Chinese cabbage. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 2006, 67: 220–230
Shen G, Wang Y C, Zheng X B. Cloning and analysis of elicitin from Phytophthora boehmeirae. Acta Phytopathol Sin (in Chinese), 2003, 33: 559–562
Wang J Y, Cai Y, Gou J Y, et al. VdNEP, an elicitor from Verticillium dahliae, induces cotton plant wilting. Appl Environ Microbiol, 2004, 70: 4989–4995
Karrer E E. Cloning of tobacco genes that elicit the hypersensitive response. Plant Mol Biol, 1998, 36: 681–690
Takken F L, Luderer R, Gabriels S H, et al. A functional cloning strategy, based on a binary PVX-expression vector, to isolate HR-inducing cDNAs of plant pathogens. Plant J, 2000, 24: 275–283
Qutob D, Kamoun S, Gijzen M. Expression of a Phytophthora sojae necrosis-inducing protein occurs during transition from biotrophy to necrotrophy. Plant J, 2002, 32: 361–373
Kamoun S, Hamada W, Huitema E. Agrosuppression: A bioassay for the hypersensitive response suited to high-throughput screening. Mol Plant Microbe Interact, 2003, 16(1): 7–13
Boissy G, O’Donohue M, Gaudemer O, et al. The 2.1 Å structure of an elicitin-ergosterol complex: a recent addition to the Sterol Carrier Protein family. Protein Sci, 1999, 8: 1191–1199
Mikes V, Milat M L, Ponchet M, et al. Elicitins, proteinaceous elicitors of plant defense, are a new class of sterol carrier proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1998, 245: 133–139
Parker J E, Coleman M J, Szabo V, et al. The Arabidopsis downy mildew resistance gene RPP5 shares similarity to the toll and interleukin-1 receptors with N and L6. Plant Cell, 1997, 9: 879–894
Vauthrin S, Mikes V, Milat M L, et al. Elicitins trap and transfer sterols from micelles, liposomes and plant plasma membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1999, 419: 335–342
Martinez O, Goud B. Rab protein. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1998, 1404: 101–112
Pereira-Leal L B, Seabra M C. The mammalian Rab family of small GT Pase: Definition of family and subfamily sequence motifs suggests a mechanism for functional specificity in the Ras superfamily. J Mol Biol, 2000, 301(4): 1077–1087
He H, Dai F, Yu L. Identification and characterization of nine novel human small GTPases showing variable expression in liver cancer tissues. Gene Expr, 2002, 10(5–6): 231–242
Piyawan S, Alain J, Corentin H, et al. Functional analysis of CLPT1, a Rab/GTPase required for protein secretion and pathogenesis in the plant fungal pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. J Cell Sci, 2005, 118: 323–329
Tsutomu K, Kenji H, Eiichiro O, et al. The small GTP-binding protein Rac is a regulater of cell death in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1999, 96: 10922–10926
Nijtmans L G, Artal S M, Grivell L A. The mitochondrial PHB complex: Roles in mitochondrial respiratory complex assembly, ageing and degenerative disease. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2002, 59(1): 143–155
Fusaro G, Wang S, Chellappan S. Differential regulation of Rab family proteins and prohibitin during camp tothecin induced apoptosis. Oncogene, 2002, 21(29): 4539–4548
Gamble S C, Odontiadis M, Waxman J. Androgens target prohibition to regulate proliferation of prostate cancer cells. Oncogen, 2004, 23(17): 2996–3004
Woodlock T J, Bethlendy G, Segel G B. Prohibitin expression is increased in phorbol ester-treated chronic leukemic B-lymphocytes. Blood Cells Mol Dis, 2001, 27(1): 27–34
Joshi B, Ko D, Ordonez-Ercan D. A putative coiled-coil domain of p rohibitin is sufficient to rep ress E2F1-mediated transcription and induce apop tosis. Bio Biophys Res Commun, 2003, 312(2): 459–466
Fusaro G, Dasgup ta P, Rastogi S. Prohibitin induces the transcriptional activity of p53 and is exported from the nucleus upon apoptotic signaling. J Biol Che, 2003, 278(48): 47853–47861
Chen J C, Jiang C Z, Reid M S. Silencing a prohibitin alters plant development and senescence. Plant J, 2005, 44: 16–24
Segal G, Ron E Z. Regulation of heat shock response in bacteria. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1998, 851: 147–151
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Supported by the Nation Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30300228), the National Research Foundation for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20020307035), and the Student Research Training of Nanjing Agricultural University (Grant No. 0402A04)
About this article
Cite this article
Li, J., Zhang, H., Zhang, Z. et al. Cloning of genes encoding nonhost hypersensitive response-inducing elicitors from Phytophthora boehmeriae . CHINESE SCI BULL 52, 231–237 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-007-0030-6
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-007-0030-6