Skip to main content
Log in

Lightpath blocking analysis for optical networks with ROADM intra-node add-drop contention

节点内部分/插端口具有阻塞性的光网络光路阻塞率分析

  • Research Paper
  • Special Focus on All Optical Networks
  • Published:
Science China Information Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The contention factor limits the extent to which lightpaths using the same wavelength can be added/dropped in a Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (ROADM) when it is operated in a colorless and directionless fashion. This paper presents an analysis to estimate the probability of blocked lightpath requests when a node of this type is used and validates the results for three traffic models. Simulations confirm the validity of the analytical results for lightpath blocking both for various values of the add/drop contention factor C and for changing load distribution in the network. We observe a saturation trend in the lightpath blocking performance as the add/drop port count per bank increases and that a high enough value of C reduces lightpath blocking to levels obtainable from an ideal, comntentionless ROADM. When C is small, limitations on the add/drop port count per bank is observed to be the dominant cause of blocking lightpaths while intra-node contention effects have only a limited impact. With increasing C, blocking is caused more because sufficient link capacity is not available and not because free add/drop ports are not available

摘要

阻塞因子限制了相同波长光通道在一个无色、 无向 ROADM 上的分/插。 本文提出了一个分析模型来估算在三种通信模型下此类节点的网络阻塞率。 仿真确认了在各种阻塞因子和不同负载分布情况下, 分析模型对网络光通道阻塞率评估的有效性。 研究表明, 随着每一个分/插池中分/插端口数目的增加, 网络光通道阻塞率下降并最终呈现饱和趋势。 同时, 一个足够大的阻塞因子能有效减少光通道阻塞率, 并能接近于最理想的无阻塞 ROADM 节点的性能。 当阻塞因子较小时, 每个分/插池拥有的分/插端口数目将成为光通道阻塞的主要因素, 而节点内部的阻塞性对整体性能的影响有限。 而随着阻塞因子的增大, 网络中链路可用容量将成为光通道阻塞的主要因素, 可用分/插端口数的影响变小。

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Berthold J, Saleh A A M, Blair L, et al. Optical networking: past, present, and future. J Lightw Technol, 2008, 26: 1104–1118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Keyworth B P. ROADM subsystems and technologies. In: Proceedings of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Anaheim, 2005. 1–4

    Google Scholar 

  3. Earnshaw M P, Soole J B D. Integrated reconfigurable optical wavelength add-drop multiplexer. Electron Lett, 2002, 38: 1351–1352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ennser K, Rogowski T, Ghelfi P, et al. Reconfigurable add/drop multiplexer design to implement flexibility in optical networks. In: Proceedings of 2006 International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks, Nottingham, 2006. 74–77

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Chen J, Jacob J, Santivanez C, et al. En route to grouping-constraint free, colorless directionless ROADMs. In: Proceedings of National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, San Diego, 2010. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  6. Roorda P, Collings B. Evolution to colorless and directionless ROADM architectures. In: Proceedings of National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, San Diego, 2008. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  7. Collings B. Physical layer components, architectures and trends for agile photonic layer mesh networking. In: Proceedings of European Conference on Optical Communication, Vienna, 2009. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  8. Thiagarajan S, Blair L, Berthold J. Direction-independent add/drop access for multi-degree ROADMs. In: Proceedings of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, San Diego, 2008. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kim I, Palacharla P, Wang X, et al. Performance of colorless, non-directional ROADMs with modular client-side fiber cross-connects. In: Proceedings of National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, Los Angeles, 2012. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  10. Thiagarajan S, Asselin S. Nodal contention in colorless, directionless ROADMs using traffic growth models. In: Proceedings of National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, Los Angeles, 2012. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  11. Zami T. Contention simulation within dynamic, colorless and unidirectional/multidirectional optical cross-connects. In: Proceedings of European Conference and Exposition on Optical Communications, Geneva, 2011. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  12. Abedifar V, Shahkooh S A, Emami A, et al. Design and simulation of a ROADM-based DWDM network. In: Proceedings of Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, Mashhad, 2013. 1–4

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ji P N, Aono Y. Colorless and directionless multi-degree reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers. In: Proceedings of Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference, Shanghai, 2010. 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  14. Jensen R, Lord A, Parsons N. Colorless, directionless, contentionless ROADM architecture using low-loss optical matrix switches. In: Proceedings of European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication, Torino, 2010. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  15. Jensen R, Lord A, Parsons N. Highly scalable OXC-based contentionless ROADM architecture with reduced network implementation costs. In: Proceedings of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Los Angeles, 2012. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  16. Jensen R. Optical switch architectures for emerging colorless/directionless/contentionless ROADM networks. In: Proceedings of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Los Angeles, 2011. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  17. Devarajan A, Sandesha K, Gowrishankar R, et al. Colorless, directionless and contentionless multi-degree ROADM architecture for mesh optical networks. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks, Bangalore, 2010. 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  18. Way W, Ji P N, Patel A N. Contention resolution within colorless and directionless ROADM. In: Proceedings of National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, Anaheim, 2013. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  19. Dˇzanko M, Mikac B, Mileti´c V, et al. Analytical and simulation availability models of ROADM architectures. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Telecommunications, Zagreb, 2013. 39–46

    Google Scholar 

  20. Gringeri S, Basch B, Shukla V, et al. Flexible architectures for optical transport nodes and networks. IEEE Commun Mag, 2010, 48: 40–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Pavon-Marino P, Bueno-Delgado M V. Dimensioning the add/drop contention factor of directionless ROADMs. J Lightw Technol, 2011, 29: 3265–3274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Pavon-Marino P, Bueno-Delgado M V. Add/drop contention-aware RWA with directionless ROADMs: the offline lightpath restoration case. IEEE J Opt Commun Netw, 2012, 4: 671–680

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Woodward S L, Feuer M D, Palacharla P, et al. Intra-node contention in a dynamic, colorless, non-directional ROADM. In: Proceedings of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, San Diego, 2010. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  24. Feuer M D, Woodward S L, Palacharla P, et al. Intra-node contention in dynamic photonic networks. J Lightw Technol, 2011, 29: 529–535

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Palacharla P, Wang X, Kim I, et al. Blocking performance in dynamic optical networks based on colorless, nondirectional ROADMs. In: Proceedings of National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, Los Angele, 2011. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kovacevic M, Acampora A. On wavelength translation in all-optical networks. In: Proceedings of Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, Bringing Information to People, Boston, 1995. 413–422

    Google Scholar 

  27. Barry R A, Humblet P A. Models of blocking probability in all-optical networks with and without wavelength changers. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun, 1996, 14: 858–867

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Birman A. Computing approximate blocking probabilities for a class of all-optical networks. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun, 1996, 14: 852–857

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Shen G X, Bose S K, Cheng T H, et al. Performance analysis under dynamic loading of wavelength continuous and non-continuous WDM networks with shortest-path routing. Int J Commun Syst, 2001, 14: 407–418

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Tripathi T, Sivarajan K N. Computing approximate blocking probabilities in wavelength routed all-optical networks with limited-range wavelength conversion. In: Proceedings of Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, New York, 1999. 329–336

    Google Scholar 

  31. Subramaniam S, Azizoglu M, Somani A K. All-optical networks with sparse wavelength conversion. IEEE ACM Trans Netw, 1996, 4: 544–557

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Li L, Somani A K. A new analytical model for multifiber WDM networks. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun, 2000, 18: 2138–2145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Subramaniam S, Barry R A. Wavelength assignment in fixed routing WDM networks. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Communications, Montreal, 1997. 406–410

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  34. Shen G X, Cheng T H, Bose S K, et al. Approximate analysis of limited-range wavelength conversion all-optical WDM networks. Comput Commun, 2001, 24: 949–957

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Shen G X, Bose S K, Cheng T H, et al. The impact of the number of add/drop ports in wavelength routing all-optical networks. Opt Netw Mag, 2003, 4: 112–122

    Google Scholar 

  36. Turkcu O, Subramaniam S. Blocking and waveband assignment in WDM networks with limited reconfigurability. In: Proceedings of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Anaheim, 2007. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  37. Turkcu O, Subramaniam S. Blocking in reconfigurable optical networks. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Communications, Anchorage, 2007. 188–196

    Google Scholar 

  38. Turkcu O, Subramaniam S. Blocking analysis of limited reconfigurable optical networks. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, Honolulu, 2007. 216–221

    Google Scholar 

  39. Li Y C, Gao L, Peng L M, et al. Modeling the impact of ROADM color and directional constraints on optical network performance. In: Proceedings of Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, Guangzhou, 2012. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  40. Li Y C, Gao L, Shen G X, et al. Impact of ROADM colorless, directionless, and contentionless (CDC) features on optical network performance. J Opt Commun Netw, 2012. 4: B58–B67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Gao L, Li Y C, Shen G X. Lightpath blocking performance analytical model for ROADMs with intra-node add/drop contention. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Communications in China, Shanghai, 2014. 97–101

    Google Scholar 

  42. Gao L, Liu H, Li Y C, et al. Modeling impact of ROADM intra-node add/drop contention on a single node lightpath blocking performance. China Commun, 2015, 12: 89–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Gao L, Li Y C, Shen G X. Modeling the impact of ROADM intra-node add/drop contention on optical network performance. In: Proceedings of Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, Beijing, 2013. 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  44. Girard A. Routing and Dimensioning in Circuit Switched Networks. Boston: Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc., 1990

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gangxiang Shen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, Y., Gao, L., Bose, S.K. et al. Lightpath blocking analysis for optical networks with ROADM intra-node add-drop contention. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 59, 102305 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-016-0379-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-016-0379-8

Keywords

关键词

Navigation