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Adaptively secure ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption with dynamic policy updating

一种支持动态策略更新的自适应安全密文策略属性加密方案

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Abstract

Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) is a promising new cryptographic technique which guarantees fine-grained access control of outsourced encrypted data in the cloud. With the help of ABE, the majority of security issues in accessing cloud data can be solved. However, a key limitation remains, namely policy updating. Whenever the access policy is updated, a common approach is to have the data owner retrieve the data and reencrypt it with new policy, before sending the new ciphertext back to the cloud. This straight-forward approach will lead to heavy computation and communication overhead. Although a number of other approaches have been proposed in this regard, they suffer from two limitations; namely, supporting only limited update-policy types or having weak security models. In order to address these limitations, we propose a novel solution to the attribute-based encryption access control system by introducing a dynamic policy-updating technique which we call DPU-CP-ABE. The scheme is proved to be adaptively secure under the standard model and can support any type of policy updating. In addition, our scheme can significantly reduce the computation and communication costs of updating ciphertext.

摘要

摘要

属性加密是一种新兴的加密技术, 它可以实现对外包至云端的加密数据的细粒度访问控制。 使用 ABE, 访问云端数据的主要安全性问题将会得到很好的解决。 然而, 策略更新仍然是 ABE 的一个关键性的局限。 当用户需要更新策略时, 常规的做法是让数据拥有者从云端取回该数据, 用新的策略加密后重新上传至云端。 很明显, 这种直接的做法会给数据拥有者带来繁重的计算及通信开销。 就这一问题曾有学者提出一些其他的方法, 但这些方法存在以下两点局限: 1, 支持更新策略的种类有限, 2, 安全模型较弱。 为了解决这两个局限性, 我们引入一种动态策略更新 (DPU-CP-ABE) 的方法, 提出了一种新的属性加密访问控制机制。 该方案可以支持任意形式的策略更新, 同时我们在标准模型下证明了该方案是自适应安全的。 此外, 我们的方案在更新密文时无需将密文下载、 重新加密及上传, 因此可以很明显的减少计算和通信开销。

创新点

  1. 1,

    我们提出的 DPU-CB-ABE 方案支持动态策略更新, 据我们所知, 这是第一个在标准模型下被证明具有自适应安全的密文策略属性加密方案。

  2. 2,

    我们的策略更新方案支持任意形式的细粒度访问控制策略。 在以前提出的密文代理方案里, 策略更新只能做到新策略比旧策略更严格。 此外, 虽然我们将策略更新的工作外包到云服务器, 但策略更新过程不会向云泄露任何敏感信息。

  3. 3,

    与常规的需要将密文下载、 重新加密及上传的更新方式相比, 我们设计的动态策略更新方案要高效的多。

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Correspondence to Zuobin Ying.

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Ying, Z., Li, H., Ma, J. et al. Adaptively secure ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption with dynamic policy updating. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 59, 042701 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-015-5428-1

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