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NIR-II responsive Janus nanoparticles amplify immunogenic cell death for enhanced cancer immunotherapy

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Abstract

Immunotherapy brings new hope for tumor treatment by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells. However, insufficient immunogenicity and low immune response rate greatly limit antitumor immunity. Herein, by optimizing the composition and morphology, the rational design of Janus nanoparticles composed of Fe3O4 nanospheres and SiO2 nanorods was realized for enhanced cancer immunotherapy through amplified ICD. After glucose oxidase (GOx) was loaded by the Janus nanoparticles, the resultant M-FS-GOx consumes glucose at tumor sites to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for starvation therapy while the H2O2 supply promotes the production of highly toxic ·OH to achieve effective chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Under a 1064 nm light irradiation, the photothermal effect of M-FS-GOx enhances the enzyme activity of GOx for improved starvation therapy. Furthermore, both tumor-associated antigens released during the process of ICD and the intrinsic immunoadjuvant property of M-FS-GOx stimulate dendritic cell maturation to activate antitumor immune responses. This work provides a promising strategy for the construction of Janus nanoparticles to achieve enhanced cancer immunotherapy through combination therapy-amplified ICD.

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Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China

    BeiBei Chen, KangLi Guo, HaoRan Wang, Fu-Jian Xu & NaNa Zhao

  2. Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China

    BeiBei Chen, KangLi Guo, HaoRan Wang, Fu-Jian Xu & NaNa Zhao

  3. College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China

    BeiBei Chen, KangLi Guo, HaoRan Wang, Fu-Jian Xu, JuLin Wang & NaNa Zhao

  4. Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China

    JuLin Wang

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  1. BeiBei Chen
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  2. KangLi Guo
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Correspondence to JuLin Wang or NaNa Zhao.

Additional information

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52173271, 52221006, and 51922022), Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program (Grant No. BJJWZYJH01201910010024), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. BHYC1705A).

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Chen, B., Guo, K., Wang, H. et al. NIR-II responsive Janus nanoparticles amplify immunogenic cell death for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Sci. China Technol. Sci. 67, 321–329 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-023-2477-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-023-2477-9

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