Abstract
Structural rejuvenation is vital and attractive for modulating the energetic state and structural heterogeneity of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). In this paper, we show that cooling a BMG from a supercooled liquid region at laboratory rates can reverse the relaxation enthalpy lost during the preceding structural relaxation. Increasing the cooling rate is beneficial for enhancing atomic mobility and dynamic mechanical relaxation intensity. Therefore, this rejuvenation methodology promotes tailoring the mechanical properties of BMGs and provides a comprehensive understanding of the rejuvenation mechanism.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Qiao J C, Wang Q, Pelletier J M, et al. Structural heterogeneities and mechanical behavior of amorphous alloys. Prog Mater Sci, 2019, 104: 250–329
Johnson W. Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the crystal to glass transformation in metallic materials. Prog Mater Sci, 1986, 30: 81–134
Rao W, Chen Y, Dai L H. A constitutive model for metallic glasses based on two-temperature nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Int J Plast, 2022, 154: 103309
Kube S A, Sohn S, Ojeda-Mota R, et al. Compositional dependence of the fragility in metallic glass forming liquids. Nat Commun, 2022, 13: 3708
Zhang L T, Wang Y J, Pineda E, et al. Achieving structural rejuvenation in metallic glass by modulating β relaxation intensity via easy-to-operate mechanical cycling. Int J Plast, 2022, 157: 103402
Greer A L, Cheng Y Q, Ma E. Shear bands in metallic glasses. Mater Sci Eng-R-Rep, 2013, 74: 71–132
Lü Y J, Guo C C, Huang H S, et al. Quantized aging mode in metallic glass-forming liquids. Acta Mater, 2021, 211: 116873
Luckabauer M, Hayashi T, Kato H, et al. Decreasing activation energy of fast relaxation processes in a metallic glass during aging. Phys Rev B, 2019, 99: 140202
Pan J, Wang Y X, Guo Q, et al. Extreme rejuvenation and softening in a bulk metallic glass. Nat Commun, 2018, 9: 560
Ketov S V, Sun Y H, Nachum S, et al. Rejuvenation of metallic glasses by non-affine thermal strain. Nature, 2015, 524: 200–203
Sun Y, Concustell A, Greer A L. Thermomechanical processing of metallic glasses: Extending the range of the glassy state. Nat Rev Mater, 2016, 1: 16039
Ding G, Li C, Zaccone A, et al. Ultrafast extreme rejuvenation of metallic glasses by shock compression. Sci Adv, 2019, 5: eaaw6249
Pan J, Ivanov Y P, Zhou W H, et al. Strain-hardening and suppression of shear-banding in rejuvenated bulk metallic glass. Nature, 2020, 578: 559–562
Greer A L, Sun Y H. Stored energy in metallic glasses due to strains within the elastic limit. Philos Mag, 2016, 96: 1643–1663
Zhang L, Wang Y, Yang Y, et al. Aging and rejuvenation during high-temperature deformation in a metallic glass. Sci China-Phys Mech Astron, 2022, 65: 106111
Kosiba K, Şopu D, Scudino S, et al. Modulating heterogeneity and plasticity in bulk metallic glasses: Role of interfaces on shear banding. Int J Plast, 2019, 119: 156–170
Zhu F, Song S, Reddy K M, et al. Spatial heterogeneity as the structure feature for structure-property relationship of metallic glasses. Nat Commun, 2018, 9: 3965
Tsai P, Kranjc K, Flores K M. Hierarchical heterogeneity and an elastic microstructure observed in a metallic glass alloy. Acta Mater, 2017, 139: 11–20
Qiao J C, Zhang L T, Tong Y, et al. Mechancial properties of amorphous alloys: In the framework of the microstructure heterogeneity. Adv Mech, 2022, 52: 117–152
Küchemann S, Maaß R. Gamma relaxation in bulk metallic glasses. Scripta Mater, 2017, 137: 5–8
Jiang W, Zhang B. Strong beta relaxation in high entropy bulk metallic glasses. J Appl Phys, 2020, 117: 115104
Afonin G V, Zamyatin O A, Zamyatina E V, et al. Thermal rejuvenation of tellurite glasses by cooling from the supercooled liquid state at low rates. Scripta Mater, 2020, 186: 39–42
Stolpe M, Kruzic J J, Busch R. Evolution of shear bands, free volume and hardness during cold rolling of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass. Acta Mater, 2014, 64: 231–240
Zhang L T, Duan Y J, Pineda E, et al. Effect of physical aging and cyclic loading on power-law creep of high-entropy metallic glass. J Mater Sci Technol, 2022, 115: 1–9
Böhmer R, Ngai K L, Angell C A, et al. Nonexponential relaxations in strong and fragile glass formers. J Chem Phys, 1993, 99: 4201–4209
Wang W H. Dynamic relaxations and relaxation-property relationships in metallic glasses. Prog Mater Sci, 2019, 106: 100561
Zhang L T, Duan Y J, Crespo D, et al. Dynamic mechanical relaxation and thermal creep of high-entropy La30Ce30Ni10Al20Co10 bulk metallic glass. Sci China-Phys Mech Astron, 2021, 64: 296111
Wang B, Wang L J, Shang B S, et al. Revealing the ultra-low-temperature relaxation peak in a model metallic glass. Acta Mater, 2020, 195: 611–620
Dmowski W, Iwashita T, Chuang C P, et al. Elastic heterogeneity in metallic glasses. Phys Rev Lett, 2010, 105: 205502
Spaepen F. Homogeneous flow of metallic glasses: A free volume perspective. Scripta Mater, 2006, 54: 363–367
Argon A S. Plastic deformation in metallic glasses. Acta Metall, 1979, 27: 47–58
Perez J. Quasi-punctual defects in vitreous solids and liquid-glass transition. Solid State Ion, 1990, 39: 69–79
Hao Q, Lyu G J, Pineda E, et al. A hierarchically correlated flow defect model for metallic glass: Universal understanding of stress relaxation and creep. Int J Plast, 2022, 154: 103288
Qiao J C, Cong J, Wang Q, et al. Effects of iron addition on the dynamic mechanical relaxation of Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 bulk metallic glasses. J Alloys Compd, 2018, 749: 262–267
Wang C H, Hu Y J, Qiao J C, et al. Mechanical relaxation behavior of Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10 bulk metallic glass. Mater Sci Eng-A, 2018, 738: 57–62
Angell C A, Ngai K L, McKenna G B, et al. Relaxation in glass-forming liquids and amorphous solids. J Appl Phys, 2000, 88: 3113–3157
Wada T, Inoue A. Formation of porous Pd-based bulk glassy alloys by a high hydrogen pressure melting-water quenching method and their mechanical properties. Mater Trans, 2004, 45: 2761–2765
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51971178 and 52271153), the Natural Science Basic Research Plan for Distinguished Young Scholars in Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2021JC-12) and the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (Grant No. cstc2020jcyj-jqX0001). The investigation of LangTing ZHANG is sponsored by the Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University (Grant No. CX2021015). YunJiang WANG was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12072344) and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Yong YANG acknowledges financial support from Research Grant Council (RGC) and the Hong Kong government through the General Research Fund (GRF) (Grant Nos. U11200719 and U11213118).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, L., Duan, Y., Wang, Y. et al. Tailoring the mechanical properties of bulk metallic glasses via cooling from the supercooled liquid region. Sci. China Technol. Sci. 66, 173–180 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-022-2237-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-022-2237-5