Skip to main content
Log in

Seismic resilient shear wall structures: A state-of-the-art review

  • Review
  • Published:
Science China Technological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The ductile design principle has been widely adopted in seismic design of structures, so the main structural components are designed to have the dual functions of bearing and energy dissipation under the earthquake. In recent years, the intensity of major earthquakes occurred in China, Chile, New Zealand, and Japan had reached or exceeded the design level of the maximum credible earthquake. In most cases, the designed structures did not collapse and the casualties were small. However, many structures were seriously damaged and must be overhauled or rebuilt, resulting in huge economic losses. Therefore, researchers have paid more attention to the seismic resilient structures. The shear wall can provide an efficient lateral force resisting capacity and has a wide range of applications in building structures. This review firstly summarized the research advances of seismic resilient shear wall structures, mainly from three aspects: high-performance materials, replaceable components, and hybrid structural systems; then, the development of seismic performance analysis, design methods, and engineering applications of seismic resilient shear wall structures were presented; finally, the key issues that need to be explored in the future research were discussed, which was helpful for the wide application of seismic resilient shear wall structures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Zhao B, Taucer F, Rossetto T. Field investigation on the performance of building structures during the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China. Eng Struct, 2009, 31: 1707–1723

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lew M, Naeim F, Carpenter L D, et al. The significance of the 27 February 2010 offshore Maule, Chile earthquake. Struct Des Tall Spec Build, 2010, 19: 826–837

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Naeim F, Lew M, Carpenter L D, et al. Performance of tall buildings in Santiago, Chile during the 27 February 2010 offshore Maule, Chile earthquake. Struct Des Tall Spec Build, 2011, 20: 1–16

    Google Scholar 

  4. Comerio M, Elwood K, Berkowitz R, et al. Learning from earthquakes: The M6.3 Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquake of February 22, 2011. Oakland: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) Special Earthquake Report, 2011

  5. Zhou F L, Cui H H, Shigataka A B E, et al. Inspection report of the disaster of the East Japan earthquake by Sino-Japanese joint mission. Build Struct, 2012, 42: 1–20

    Google Scholar 

  6. Cimellaro G P, Reinhorn A M, Bruneau M. Framework for analytical quantification of disaster resilience. Eng Struct, 2010, 32: 3639–3649

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction of the People’s Republic of China (MHURC). Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB 50011-2010). Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 2010

    Google Scholar 

  8. Xiang Y, Sheng J B, Wang L, et al. Research progresses on equipment technologies used in safety inspection, repair, and reinforcement for deepwater dams. Sci China Tech Sci, 2022, 65: 1059–1071

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Lu X, Chen Y, Jiang H. Earthquake resilience of reinforced concrete structural walls with replaceable “fuses”. J Earthq Eng, 2018, 22: 801–825

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Lu X, Gong Z, Weng D, et al. The application of a new structural control concept for tall building with large podium structure. Eng Struct, 2007, 29: 1833–1844

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Almufti I, Krolicki J, Crowther A. The resilience-based design of the 181 Fremont tower. Struct Mag, 2016, 6: 42–46

    Google Scholar 

  12. Qian H, Kang L P, Guo Y C, et al. Experimental study on seismic behavior of self-centering shear wall reinforced with shape memory alloy bars and engineered cementitious composites (in Chinese). China Civil Eng J, 2020, 53: 51–61

    Google Scholar 

  13. Wang W, Fang C, Liu J. Self-centering beam-to-column connections with combined superelastic SMA bolts and steel angles. J Struct Eng, 2017, 143: 04016175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Liu W, Hutchinson T C, Gavras A G, et al. Seismic behavior of frame-wall-rocking foundation systems. I: Test program and slow cyclic results. J Struct Eng, 2015, 141: 04015059

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Liu W A, Hutchinson T C, Gavras A G, et al. Seismic behavior of frame-wall-rocking foundation systems. II: Dynamic test phase. J Struct Eng, 2015, 141: 04015060

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Priestley M J N, Sritharan S S, Conley J R, et al. Preliminary results and conclusions from the PRESSS five-story precast concrete test building. PCI J, 1999, 44: 42–67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Nakaki S D, Stanton J F, Sritharan S S. An overview of the PRESSS five-story precast test building. PCI J, 1999, 44: 26–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Jangid R S, Datta T K. Seismic behaviour ofbase-isolated buildings: A state-of-the art review. P I Civil Eng-Struct Build, 1995, 110: 186–203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Yenidogan C. Earthquake-resilient design of seismically isolated buildings: A review of technology. Vibration, 2021, 4: 602–647

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. ACI. Acceptance criteria for special unbonded post tensioned precast structural walls based on validation tes ting and commentary: ACI ITG 5.1. Farmington Hills: American Concrete Institute (ACI), 2007

    Google Scholar 

  21. Pampanin S, Cattanach A, Haverland G. PRESSS Design Handbook: Seminar Notes. Technical Report. Wellington: New Zealand Concrete Society, 2010

    Google Scholar 

  22. Duerig T W, Melton K N, Stoeckel D, et al. Engineering aspects of shape memory alloys. London: Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., 1990

    Google Scholar 

  23. Fang C, Yam M C H, Ma H W, et al. Tests on superelastic Ni-Ti SMA bars under cyclic tension and direct-shear: Towards practical recentring connections. Mater Struct, 2015, 48: 1013–1030

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Xiao R, Hou B, Sun Q P, et al. Mechanical behaviors of poly-crystalline NiTi SMAs of various grain sizes under impact loading. Sci China Tech Sci, 2021, 64: 1401–1411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Sun Q, Cao B, Iwamoto T, et al. Effect of impact deformation on shape recovery behavior in Fe-Mn-Si shape memory alloy under shape memory training process with cyclic thermo-mechanical loading. Sci China Tech Sci, 2021, 64: 1389–1400

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Wang B, Zhu S Y. Seismic behavior of self-centering reinforced concrete wall enabled by superelastic shape memory alloy bars. Bull Earthq Eng, 2018, 16: 479–502

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Wang B, Zhu S Y, Zhao J X, et al. Earthquake resilient RC walls using shape memory alloy bars and replaceable energy dissipating devices. Smart Mater Struct, 2019, 28: 065021

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. de Almeida J P, Steinmetz M, Rigot F, et al. Shape-memory NiTi alloy rebars in flexural-controlled large-scale reinforced concrete walls: Experimental investigation on self-centring and damage limitation. Eng Struct, 2020, 220: 110865

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Abraik E, El-Fitiany S F, Youssef M A. Seismic performance of concrete core walls reinforced with shape memory alloy bars. Structures, 2020, 27: 1479–1489

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Ma H W, Cho C D. Feasibility study on a superelastic SMA damper with re-centring capability. Mater Sci Eng-A, 2008, 473: 290–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Mirzai N M, Attarnejad R, Hu J W. Experimental investigation of smart shear dampers with re-centering and friction devices. J Build Eng, 2021, 35: 102018

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Fang C, Wang W, Zhang A, et al. Behavior and design of self-centering energy dissipative devices equipped with superelastic SMA ring springs. J Struct Eng, 2019, 145: 04019109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Wang W, Fang C, Zhao Y, et al. Self-centering friction spring dampers for seismic resilience. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2019, 48: 1045–1065

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Fang C, Wang W, He C, et al. Self-centring behaviour of steel and steel-concrete composite connections equipped with NiTi SMA bolts. Eng Struct, 2017, 150: 390–408

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Li V C. Engineered cementitious composites through micro-mechanical modeling. In: Proceedings of Fiber Reinforced Concrete: Present and the Furture. Montreal: Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, 1998

    Google Scholar 

  36. Li V C. Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Bendable Concrete for Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure. Berlin: Springer-Verlag GmbH, 2019

    Book  Google Scholar 

  37. Yuan F, Chen M, Zhou F, et al. Behaviors of steel-reinforced ECC columns under eccentric compression. Constr Build Mater, 2018, 185: 402–413

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Maalej M, Quek S T, Ahmed S F U, et al. Review of potential structural applications of hybrid fiber engineered cementitious composites. Constr Build Mater, 2012, 36: 216–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Yun H D, Kim S W, Park W S, et al. Shear behavior of strain-hardening cement composite walls under quasi-static cyclic loading. Eng Struct, 2017, 143: 398–409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Zhang X, Li B. Seismic performance of RC beam-column joints constructed with engineered cementitious composites. J Struct Eng, 2020, 146: 04020271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Yang J, Liang S T, Zhu X J, et al. Seismic behavior of precast concrete coupled shear walls with engineered cementitious composite (ECC) in the critical cast-in-place regions. Sci China Tech Sci, 2017, 60: 1244–1254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Deng M K, Yang S. Cyclic testing of unreinforced masonry walls retrofitted with engineered cementitious composites. Constr Build Mater, 2018, 177: 395–408

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Niasar A N, Alaee F J, Zamani S M. Experimental investigation on the performance of unreinforced masonry wall, retrofitted using engineered cementitious composites. Constr Build Mater, 2020, 239: 117788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Yang X, Xu L, Pan J L. Mechanical behavior of full-scale composite steel plate shear wall restrained by ECC panels. J Build Eng, 2021, 44: 102864

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Hou L J, Xu R, Chen D, et al. Seismic behavior of reinforced engineered cementitious composite members and reinforced concrete/engineered cementitious composite members: A review. Struct Concrete, 2020, 21: 199–219

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Bai L, Hou C, Cao M W, et al. Cyclic performance of steel moment frames with prefabricated RC and ECC wall panels. Eng Struct, 2021, 242: 112492

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Kim M K, Kim D J, Chung Y S, et al. Direct tensile behavior of shape-memory-alloy fiber-reinforced cement composites. Constr Build Mater, 2016, 102: 462–470

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Kang L P, Qian H, Guo Y C, et al. Seismic performance of SMA/ECC concrete shear wall with self-centering and self-repairing. In: 17th Biennial International Conference on Engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments (Earth and Space). Virtual Conference, 2021

  49. Qian H, Zhang Q Y, Zhang X, et al. Experimental investigation on bending behavior of existing RC beam retrofitted with SMA-ECC composites materials. Materials, 2022, 15: 12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Ali M A E M, Nehdi M L. Innovative crack-healing hybrid fiber reinforced engineered cementitious composite. Constr Build Mater, 2017, 150: 689–702

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Chen W H, Feng K, Wang Y, et al. Evaluation of self-healing performance of a smart composite material (SMA-ECC). Constr Build Mater, 2021, 290: 123216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Cui H R, Wu G, Zhang J, et al. Experimental study on damage-controllable rocking walls with resilient corners. Mag Concrete Res, 2019, 71: 1113–1129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Jiang H, Li S, Bolander J E, et al. Seismic performance of a new type of coupled shear wall with replaceable components: Experimental validation. J Earthq Eng, 2023, 27: 810–832

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Lu X L, Chen C, Jiang H J, et al. Shaking table tests and numerical analyses of an RC coupled wall structure with replaceable coupling beams. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2018, 47: 1882–1904

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Moehle J P. Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings. New York: Mc Graw Hill Education, 2015

    Google Scholar 

  56. Ji X, Wang Y, Ma Q, et al. Cyclic behavior of replaceable steel coupling beams. J Struct Eng, 2017, 143: 04016169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Christopoulos C, Montgomery M. Viscoelastic coupling dampers (VCDs) for enhanced wind and seismic performance of high-rise buildings. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2013, 42: 2217–2233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Lu Y, Chen W, Xiong F, et al. Seismic performance of a full-scale two-story bolt-connected precast concrete composite wall panel building tested on a shake table. J Struct Eng, 2021, 147: 04021209

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Jiang H, Qiu H, Sun J, et al. Influence offriction-bearing devices on seismic behavior of PC shear walls with end columns. Eng Struct, 2020, 210: 110293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Xu G, Li A Q. Seismic performance and design approach of unbonded post-tensioned precast sandwich wall structures with friction devices. Eng Struct, 2020, 204: 110037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Xu L H, Xiao S J, Li Z X. Behaviors and modeling of new self-centering RC wall with improved disc spring devices. J Eng Mech, 2020, 146: 04020102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Wu H H, Zhou T H, Liao F F, et al. Seismic behavior ofsteel frames with replaceable reinforced concrete wall panels. Steel Compos Struct, 2017, 22: 1055–1071

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Kurama Y C. Seismic design of unbonded post-tensioned precast concrete walls with supplemental viscous damping. ACI Struct J, 2000, 97: 648–658

    Google Scholar 

  64. Marriott D, Pampanin S, Bull D K, et al. Dynamic testing ofprecast, post-tensioned rocking wall systems with alternative dissipating solutions. Bull N Z Soc Earthq, 2008, 41: 90–103

    Google Scholar 

  65. Yan F, Lu X L. Comparative experimental study of concrete frames with and without supplemental viscous damping walls. J Build Struct, 2005, 26: 8–16

    Google Scholar 

  66. Liu W G, Hu L M, Xu H, et al. Mechanical model of displacement amplification damping wall and seismic response analysis of cross-layer damping structure (in Chinese). Eng Mech, 2021, 38: 197–256

    Google Scholar 

  67. Sano T, Shirai K, Suzui Y, et al. Dynamic loading tests and seismic response analysis of a stud-type damper composed of multiple friction units with disc springs. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2020, 49: 1259–1280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Li A Q. Vibration Control for Building Structures: Theory and Applications. Bern: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020

    Book  Google Scholar 

  69. Housner G W. The behavior of inverted pendulum structures during earthquakes. Bull Seismol Soc Am, 1963, 53: 403–417

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Gajan S. Physical and numerical modeling of nonlinear cyclic load-deformation behavior of shallow foundations supporting rocking shear walls. Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. Davis: University of California, 2006

    Google Scholar 

  71. Gajan S, Kutter B L. Capacity, settlement, and energy dissipation of shallow footings subjected to rocking. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng, 2008, 134: 1129–1141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. Wada A, Qu Z, Ito H, et al. Seismic retrofit using rocking walls and steel dampers. In: Proceedings of ATC/SEI Conference on Improving the Seismic Performance of Existing Buildings and Other Structures. San Francisco, 2009

  73. Kurama Y C, Sause R, Pessiki S, et al. Lateral load behavior and seismic design of unbonded post-tensioned precast concrete walls. ACI Struct J, 1999, 96: 622–632

    Google Scholar 

  74. Kurama Y C, Sritharan S, Fleischman R B, et al. Seismic-resistant precast concrete structures: State of the art. J Struct Eng, 2018, 144: 03118001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Henry R S. Self-centering precast concrete walls for buildings in regions with low to high seismicity. Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. Auckland: The University of Auckland, 2011

    Google Scholar 

  76. Patil S J, Reddy G R. State of art review-base isolation systems for structures. Int J Emerg Tech Adv Eng, 2014, 2: 438–453

    Google Scholar 

  77. Li A Q, Ding Y L, Gao Z S. Seismic Design of Engineering Structures. Beijing: China Construction Industry Press, 2010

    Google Scholar 

  78. Gajan S, Kutter B L. Effects of moment-to-shear ratio on combined cyclic load-displacement behavior of shallow foundations from centrifuge experiments. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng, 2009, 135: 1044–1055

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Zhou Y, Lu X L. State-of-the-art on rocking and self-centering structures (in Chinese). J Build Struct, 2011, 32: 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  80. Hashemi A, Zarnani P, Masoudnia R, et al. Seismic resistant rocking coupled walls with innovative Resilient Slip Friction (RSF) joints. J Constr Steel Res, 2017, 129: 215–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Nielsen G M, Almufti I, Mahin S A. Performance of rocking core walls in tall buildings under severe seismic motions. In: Proceedings of the 9th US National and 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Ottawa, 2010

  82. Toranzo L A, Restrepo J I, Mander J B, et al. Shake-table tests of confined-masonry rocking walls with supplementary hysteretic damping. J Earthq Eng, 2009, 13: 882–898

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Wu S J, Pan P, Nie X, et al. Experimental investigation on reparability of an infilled rocking wall frame structure. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2017, 46: 2777–2792

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Loo W Y, Kun C, Quenneville P, et al. Experimental testing of a rocking timber shear wall with slip-friction connectors. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2014, 43: 1621–1639

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Blomgren H E, Pei S, Jin Z, et al. Full-scale shake table testing of cross-laminated timber rocking shear walls with replaceable components. J Struct Eng, 2019, 145: 04019115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. Kurama Y C, Sause R, Pessiki S, et al. Seismic response evaluation of unbonded post-tensioned precast walls. ACI Struct J, 2002, 99: 641–651

    Google Scholar 

  87. Sritharan S, Aaleti S, Henry R S, et al. Precast concrete wall with end columns (PreWEC) for earthquake resistant design. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2015, 44: 2075–2092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  88. Holden T, Restrepo J, Mander J B. Seismic performance of precast reinforced and prestressed concrete walls. J Struct Eng, 2003, 129: 286–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Restrepo J I, Rahman A. Seismic performance of self-centering structural walls incorporating energy dissipators. J Struct Eng, 2007, 133: 1560–1570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. Guo T, Wang L, Xu Z, et al. Experimental and numerical investigation of jointed self-centering concrete walls with friction connectors. Eng Struct, 2018, 161: 192–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Kurama Y C. Simplified seismic design approach for friction-damped unbonded post-tensioned precast concrete walls. ACI Struct J, 2001, 98: 705–716

    Google Scholar 

  92. Deng K, Pan P, Wu S. Experimental study on a self-centering coupling beam eliminating the beam elongation effect. Struct Des Tall Spec Build, 2016, 25: 265–277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. Kurama Y C, Shen Q. Posttensioned hybrid coupled walls under lateral loads. J Struct Eng, 2004, 130: 297–309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. Lu X L, Yang B Y, Zhao B. Shake-table testing of a self-centering precast reinforced concrete frame with shear walls. Earthq Eng Eng Vib, 2018, 17: 221–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  95. Henry R S, Zhou Y, Lu Y, et al. Shake-table test of a two-storey low-damage concrete wall building. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2021, 50: 3160–3183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. Dowden D M, Bruneau M. Dynamic shake-table testing and analytical investigation of self-centering steel plate shear walls. J Struct Eng, 2016, 142: 04016082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  97. Dowden D M, Purba R, Bruneau M. Behavior of self-centering steel plate shear walls and design considerations. J Struct Eng, 2012, 138: 11–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Wight G D, Ingham J M, Kowalsky M J. Shake table testing of rectangular post-tensioned concrete masonry walls. ACI Struct J, 2006, 103: 587–595

    Google Scholar 

  99. Kalliontzis D, Schultz A E, Sritharan S. Unbonded post-tensioned structural masonry wall with rubber interface for limited-damage systems. J Struct Eng, 2021, 148: 04021223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  100. Ganey R, Berman J, Akbas T, et al. Experimental investigation of self-centering cross-laminated timber walls. J Struct Eng, 2017, 143: 04017135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Kramer A, Barbosa A R, Sinha A. Performance of steel energy dissipators connected to cross-laminated timber wall panels subjected to tension and cyclic loading. J Struct Eng, 2016, 142: E4015013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  102. Hashemi A, Quenneville P. Large-scale testing of low damage rocking Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) wall panels with friction dampers. Eng Struct, 2020, 206: 110166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Wilson A W, Motter C J, Phillips A R, et al. Seismic response of post-tensioned cross-laminated timber rocking wall buildings. J Struct Eng, 2020, 146: 04020123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  104. Xu L H, Zhang Y. Hysteresis behavior of bottom-story self-centering shear wall with steel brace-assembled bottom. J Constr Steel Res, 2021, 186: 106893

    Article  Google Scholar 

  105. Li X M, Zhang F W, Wang Z L, et al. Shaking table test of a frame structure retrofitted by externally-hung rocking wall with SMA and disc spring self-centering devices. Eng Struct, 2021, 240: 112422

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Zarnani P, Valadbeigi A, Quenneville P. Resilient slip friction (RSF) joint: A novel connection system for seismic damage avoidance design of timber structures. In: World Conference on Timber Engineering WCTE2014. Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, 2016

    Google Scholar 

  107. Wiebe L, Christopoulos C. Mitigation of higher mode effects in base-rocking systems by using multiple rocking sections. J Earthq Eng, 2009, 13: 83–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  108. Khanmohammadi M, Heydari S. Seismic behavior improvement of reinforced concrete shear wall buildings using multiple rocking systems. Eng Struct, 2015, 100: 577–589

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. Dehcheshmeh E M, Broujerdian V. Determination of optimal behavior of self-centering multiple-rocking walls subjected to far-field and near-field ground motions. J Build Eng, 2022, 45: 103509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  110. Cardone D, Flora A, Gesualdi G. Inelastic response of RC frame buildings with seismic isolation. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2013, 42: 871–889

    Article  Google Scholar 

  111. Xie Q, Zhou Z, Meng S P. Behaviour of BFRP tendon systems under cyclic loading and its influence on the dual-tube SC-BRB hysteretic performance. Constr Build Mater, 2020, 259: 120388

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. Nguyen X D, Guizani L. Analytical and numerical investigation of natural rubber bearings incorporating U-shaped dampers behaviour for seismic isolation. Eng Struct, 2021, 243: 112647

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. Tiong P L Y, Adnan A, Rahman A B A, et al. Seismic base isolation of precast wall system using high damping rubber bearing. Earthq Struct, 2015, 7: 1141–1169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  114. Wang W, Li A, Wang X. Seismic performance of base-isolated precast concrete shear wall structure with AHW connections. Shock Vib, 2018, 2018: 9632523

    Google Scholar 

  115. Malu G, Murnal P. Sliding isolation systems: State-of-the-art review. IOSR J Mech Civil Eng, 2013, 30–35

  116. Mostaghel N, Tanbakuchi J. Response of sliding structures to earthquake supportmotion. Earthq Engng StructDyn, 1983, 11: 729–748

    Article  Google Scholar 

  117. Lee G C, Ou Y C, Niu T, et al. Characterization of a roller seismic isolation bearing with supplemental energy dissipation for highway bridges. J Struct Eng, 2010, 136: 502–510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. Wang S J, Hwang J S, Chang K C, et al. Sloped multi-roller isolation devices for seismic protection of equipment and facilities. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2014, 43: 1443–1461

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. Wang S J, Sung Y L, Yang C Y, et al. Control performances of friction pendulum and sloped rolling-type bearings designed with single parameters. Appl Sci, 2020, 10: 7200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  120. Fenz D M, Constantinou M C. Behaviour of the double concave friction pendulum bearing. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2010, 35: 1403–1424

    Article  Google Scholar 

  121. Namiranian P, Ghodrati Amiri G, Veismoradi S. Near-fault seismic performance of triple variable friction pendulum bearing. J Vibroeng, 2016, 18: 2293–2303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  122. Sodha A, Vasanwala S, Soni D. Seismic response of structure isolated with quintuple friction pendulum bearing under directivity focusing earthquakes. In: Symposium of the International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics (IACMAG). Ahmedabad, 2020

  123. Liu W G, Fang B S, He W F, et al. Study on the dynamic response and shaking table test of the isolated structure with uneven curved surface. J Build Struct, 2020, 43: 1–12

    Google Scholar 

  124. Tian K, Liu W G, Sun S, et al. Dynamic model and shaking table tests for curved surface isolated structures. J Vib Shock, 2019, 38: 35–43

    Google Scholar 

  125. Fang C, Liang D, Zheng Y, et al. Seismic performance of bridges with novel SMA cable-restrained high damping rubber bearings against near-fault ground motions. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2022, 51: 44–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  126. Seo J, Hu J. Seismic response and performance evaluation of self-centering LRB isolators installed on the CBF building under NF ground motions. Sustainability, 2016, 8: 109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  127. Wilches J, Leon R, Santa María H, et al. New technique for self-centering shear keys in highway bridges. Eng Struct, 2022, 250: 113395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  128. Lan Z, Wang X, Dai H, et al. Multifunctional vibration-absorption RC megaframe structures and their seismic responses. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2000, 29: 1239–1248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  129. Tan P, Zhang Y, Li X X, et al. Experimental investigation of mega-sub isolation structure. Struct Des Tall Spec, 2017, 26: e1360

    Google Scholar 

  130. Zhong C, Christopoulos C. Shear-controlling rocking-isolation podium system for enhanced resilience of high-rise buildings. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2021, 51: 1363–1382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  131. Bertero R D, Bertero V V, Teran-Gilmore A. Performance-based earthquake-resistant design based on comprehensive design philosophy and energy concepts. In: Proceeding of 11th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Acapulco, 1996

  132. Bertero V V. Major issues and future directions in earthquake-resistant design. In: Proceeding of 10th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Madrid, 1994

  133. Priestley M J N. Direct displacement-based design of precast/pre-stressed concrete buildings. PCI J, 2002, 47: 66–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  134. Priestley M J N, Kowalsky M J. Direct displacement-based seismic design of concrete buildings. Bull N Z Soc Earthq, 2000, 33: 421–444

    Google Scholar 

  135. Guerrero H, Ji T, Teran-Gilmore A, et al. A method for preliminary seismic design and assessment of low-rise structures protected with buckling-restrained braces. Eng Struct, 2016, 123: 141–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  136. Shen J, Akbas, B. Seismic energy demand in steel moment frames. J Earthq Eng, 1999, 3: 519–559

    Article  Google Scholar 

  137. Yang T Y, Tung D P, Li Y. Equivalent energy design procedure for earthquake resilient fused structures. Earthq Spectra, 2018, 34: 795–815

    Article  Google Scholar 

  138. Yang T Y, Atkinson J, Tobber L, et al. Seismic design of outrigger systems using equivalent energy design procedure. Struct Des Tall Spec Build, 2020, 29: e1743

    Article  Google Scholar 

  139. Akbas B, Shen J, Hao H. Energy appproach in peformance-based seismic design of steel moment resisting frames for basic safety objective. Struct Des Tall Build, 2001, 10: 193–217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  140. Chou C C, Uang C M. A procedure for evaluating seismic energy demand of framed structures. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2003, 32: 229–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  141. Ghobarah A, Abou-Elfath H, Biddah A. Response-based damage assessmentofstructures. Earthq Engng StructDyn, 1999, 28: 79–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  142. Jiang J, Ding J. Research on direct damage-based seismic capacity design method of RC frames. Struct Eng, 2006, 22: 6–10

    Google Scholar 

  143. Ou J P, He Z, Wu B, et al. Seismic damage performance-based design of reinforced concrete structures. Earthq Eng Eng Vib, 1999, 19: 21–30

    Google Scholar 

  144. Yim C S, Chopra A K, Penzien J. Rocking response of rigid blocks to earthquakes. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 1980, 8: 565–587

    Article  Google Scholar 

  145. Aslam M, Godden W G, Scalise D T. Earthquake rocking response of rigid bodies. J Struct Div, 1980, 106: 377–392

    Article  Google Scholar 

  146. Avgenakis E, Psycharis I N. An integrated macroelement formulation for the dynamic response of inelastic deformable rocking bodies. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2020, 49: 1072–1094

    Article  Google Scholar 

  147. Psycharis I N, Jennings P C. Rocking of slender rigid bodies allowed to uplift. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 1983, 11: 57–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  148. Qu Z. Study on seismic damage mechanism control and design of rocking wall-frame structures. Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2010

    Google Scholar 

  149. Feng Y, Zhang Z, Chong X, et al. Elastic displacement spectrum-based design of damage-controlling BRBFs with rocking walls. J Constr Steel Res, 2018, 148: 691–706

    Article  Google Scholar 

  150. Christopoulos C, Filiatrault A, Folz B. Seismic response of self-centring hysteretic SDOF systems. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2002, 31: 1131–1150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  151. Christopoulos C, Tremblay R, Kim H J, et al. Self-centering energy dissipative bracing system for the seismic resistance of structures: Development and validation. J Struct Eng, 2008, 134: 96–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  152. Christopoulos C, Pampanin S, Nigel Priestley M J. Performance-based seismic response of frame structures including residual deformations. Part I: Single-degree of freedom systems. J Earthq Eng, 2003, 7: 97–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  153. Marriott D. The development of high-performance post-tensioned rocking systems for the seismic design of structures. Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. Canterbury: University of Canterbury, 2009

    Google Scholar 

  154. Seo C Y, Sause R. Ductility demands on self-centering systems under earthquake loading. ACI Struct J, 2005, 102: 275–285

    Google Scholar 

  155. Karavasilis T L, Seo C Y. Seismic structural and non-structural performance evaluation of highly damped self-centering and conventional systems. Eng Struct, 2011, 33: 2248–2258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  156. Eatherton M R, Ma X, Krawinkler H, et al. Design concepts for controlled rocking of self-centering steel-braced frames. J Struct Eng, 2014, 140: 04014082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  157. Guo T, Xu Z, Song L, et al. Seismic resilience upgrade of RC frame building using self-centering concrete walls with distributed friction devices. J Struct Eng, 2017, 143: 04017160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  158. Hu S, Wang W, Qu B. Seismic evaluation of low-rise steel building frames with self-centering energy-absorbing rigid cores designed using a force-based approach. Eng Struct, 2020, 204: 110038

    Article  Google Scholar 

  159. Zhu R Z, Guo T, Mwangilwa F, et al. Seismic design of self-centering viscous-hysteretic devices used for steel moment-resisting frames. Eng Struct, 2021, 239: 112369

    Article  Google Scholar 

  160. O’Reilly G J, Goggins J, Mahin S A. Performance-based design of a self-centering concentrically braced frame using the direct displacement-based design procedure. In: The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Portugal. Lisbon, 2012

  161. Rahman M A, Sritharan S. An evaluation of force-based design vs. direct displacement-based design of jointed precast post-tensioned wall systems. Earthq Engin Engin Vib, 2006, 5: 285–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  162. Gu M, Pang W, Schiff S. Displacement design procedure for cross laminated timber (CLT) rocking walls with sacrificial dampers. In: Structures Congress, 2015. Oregon, 2015. 2777–2791

  163. Chan N, Hashemi A, Zarnani P, et al. Damping-ductility relationships for flag-shaped hysteresis. J Struct Eng, 2021, 147: 04021093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  164. Zhang Z Y, Ding R, Fan J S, et al. Seismic performance and shear strength of coupling beams using engineered cementitious composites with different reinforcement layouts. Eng Struct, 2020, 219: 110895

    Article  Google Scholar 

  165. De Francesco G. Constant-ductility inelastic displacement ratios for displacement-based seismic design of self-centering structures. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn, 2019, 48: 188–209

    Article  Google Scholar 

  166. Chou F L. Experimental investigations of solid state steel energy absorbers for earthquake resistant structures. Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. Vancouver: The University of British Columbia, 1983

    Google Scholar 

  167. Chou F L. Vibration Control of Engineering Structures. Beijing: Seismological Press, 1997

    Google Scholar 

  168. Cardone D, Palermo G, Dolce M. Direct displacement-based design of buildings with different seismic isolation systems. J Earthq Eng, 2010, 14: 163–191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  169. Ye K, Xiao Y, Hu L. A direct displacement-based design procedure for base-isolated building structures with lead rubber bearings (LRBs). Eng Struct, 2020, 197: 109402

    Article  Google Scholar 

  170. Cheung A K F, Cheung C Y N, Leung C K Y. A protective pseudoductile cementitious layer for external walls ofconcrete buildings. In: Fourth International Conference Concrete under Severe Conditions. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004

  171. Kunieda M, Rokugo K. Recent progress on HPFRCC in Japan required performance and applications. J Adv Concr Technol, 2006, 4: 19–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  172. Sawaguchi T, Maruyama T, Otsuka H, et al. Design concept and applications of Fe-Mn-Si-based alloys—from shape-memory to seismic response control. Mater Trans, 2016, 57: 283–293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  173. Indirli M, Castellano M G, Clemente P, et al. Demo-application of shape memory alloy devices: The rehabilitation of the S. Giorgio Church bell tower. In: SPIE Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways. California, 2001

  174. Mazzolani F M, Mandara A. Modern trends in the use of special metals for the improvement of historical and monumental structures. Eng Struct, 2002, 24: 843–856

    Article  Google Scholar 

  175. Lu X L, Chen C, Chen Y, et al. Application of replaceable coupling beams to RC structures. Struct Des Tall Spec Build, 2016, 25: 947–966

    Article  Google Scholar 

  176. Mahmoodi P, Robertson L E, Yontar M, et al. Performance of Vis-coelastic Dampers in World Trade Center Towers, Dynamics of Structures. New York: American Society of Civil Engineering, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  177. Keel C J, Mahmoodi P. Designing of viscoelastic dampers for Columbia center building. In: Isyumov N, Tschanz T, eds. Building Motion in Wind. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  178. Skilling J B, Tschanz T, Isyumov N, et al. Experimental studies, structural design and full-scale measurements for the Columbia Seafirst center. In: Isyumov N, Tschanz T, eds. Building Motion in Wind. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  179. Soong T T, Dargush G F. Passive Energy Dissipation Systems in Structural Engineering. New York: Wiley, 1997

    Google Scholar 

  180. Guerrero H, Terán-Gilmore A, Ji T, et al. Evaluation of the economic benefits of using buckling-restrained braces in hospital structures located in very soft soils. Eng Struct, 2017, 136: 406–419

    Article  Google Scholar 

  181. Yan Z G, Ma X, Zeng J. Recent progress in buckling restrained braces: A review on material development and selection. Adv Struct Eng, 2022, 25: 1549–1564

    Article  Google Scholar 

  182. Qu Z, Wada A, Ye L P. Seismic retrofit of frame structures using rocking wall system. J Build Struct, 2011, 32: 11–19

    Google Scholar 

  183. Cattanach A, Pampanin S. 21st century precast: The detailing and manufacture of NZ’s first multi-storey PRESSS-building. In: New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering Conference 2008. Rotorua, 2008

  184. Kam W Y, Pampanin S, Elwood K. Seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings in the 22 February Christchurch (Lyt-tleton) earthquake. Bull N Z Soc Earthq, 2011, 44: 239–278

    Google Scholar 

  185. Palermo A, Sarti F, Baird A. From theory to practice: Design, analysis and construction of dissipative timber rocking post-tensioning wall system for Carterton Events Centre, New Zealand. In: The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Lisbon, 2000

  186. Holden T, Devereux C, Haydon S, et al. NMIT arts & media building-damage mitigation using post-tensioned timber walls. In: Proceedings of the Ninth Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Auckland, 2011

  187. Panian L, Steyer M, Tipping S. Post-tensioned shotcrete shearwalls. Concrete Intl, 2007, 29: 39–45

    Google Scholar 

  188. Panian L, Steyer M, Tipping S. Post-tensioned concrete walls for seismic resistance. PCI J, 2007, 5: 7–16

    Google Scholar 

  189. Makris N. Seismic isolation: Early history. Earthq Engng Struct Dyn, 2019, 48: 269–283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  190. Tang Y, Grandy C, Seidensticker R. Seismic isolation for advanced fast reactors. Nucl Tech, 2011, 173: 135–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  191. Megget L M. From brittle to ductile: 75 years of seismic design in New Zealand. Bull N Z Soc Earthq, 2006, 39: 158–169

    Google Scholar 

  192. Skinner R I, Robinson W H, McVerry G H. An Introduction to Seismic Isolation. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1993

    Google Scholar 

  193. Kani N. Current state of seismic isolation design. In: The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Beijing, 2008

  194. Zhu H P, Zhou F Y, Yuan Y. Development and analysis of the research on base isolated structures (in Chinese). Eng Mech, 2014, 31: 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  195. Bailey J, Allen E. Seismic isolation retrofitting of the Salt Lake City and county building. Nucl Eng Des, 1990, 127: 367–374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  196. Kelly J M. Seismic isolation of civil buildings in the USA. Prog Struct Engng Mater, 1998, 1: 279–285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  197. Pan P, Ye L P, Shi W, et al. Engineering practice ofseismic isolation and energy dissipation structures in China. Sci China Tech Sci, 2012, 55: 3036–3046

    Article  Google Scholar 

  198. Lu W D, Liu W Q, Wu X F, et al. Shaking table test of terminal a structure of Kunming international airport (in Chinese). J Build Struct, 2011, 32: 27–33

    Google Scholar 

  199. Wang S G, Lu W D, Liu W Q, et al. Seismic isolation design and dynamic analysis of Kunming new international airport terminal (in Chinese). J Vib Shock, 2011, 30: 260–265

    Google Scholar 

  200. Chen Y, Zhang H M. State of the application of engineered cementitious composites in structure (in Chinese). Struct Eng, 2017, 33: 208–221

    Google Scholar 

  201. Janke L, Czaderski C, Motavalli M, et al. Applications of shape memory alloys in civil engineering structures—Overview, limits and new ideas. Mat Struct, 2005, 38: 578–592

    Google Scholar 

  202. Cladera A, Weber B, Leinenbach C, et al. Iron-based shape memory alloys for civil engineering structures: An overview. Constr Build Mater, 2014, 63: 281–293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  203. Shahverdi M, Michels J, Czaderski C, et al. Iron-based shape memory alloy strips for strengthening RC members: Material behavior and characterization. Constr Build Mater, 2018, 173: 586–599

    Article  Google Scholar 

  204. Ji J, Zhang S, Jiang L, et al. Feasibility of developing engineered cementitious composite with high volumes of fly ash using cost-effective PVA fiber. J Test Eval, 2020, 48: 20170596

    Article  Google Scholar 

  205. Zhu H, Zhang D, Wang T, et al. Mechanical and self-healing behavior of low carbon engineered cementitious composites reinforced with PP-fibers. Constr Build Mater, 2020, 259: 119805

    Article  Google Scholar 

  206. Schoettler M J. Seismic demands in precast concrete diaphragms. Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. San Diego: University of California, 2010

    Google Scholar 

  207. Cao H Y, Pan P, Wu S J, et al. Experimental study of connections of frame-rocking wall system. J Build Struct, 2012, 33: 38–46

    Google Scholar 

  208. D’Arenzo G, Schwendner S, Seim W. The effect of the floor-to-wall interaction on the rocking stiffness of segmented CLT shear-walls. Eng Struct, 2021, 249: 113219

    Article  Google Scholar 

  209. Erochko J. Improvements to the design and use of post-tensioned self-centering energy-dissipative (SCED) braces. Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. Toronto: University of Toronto, 2013

    Google Scholar 

  210. Pampanin S, Christopoulos C, Priestley M J N. Performance-based seismic response of frame structures including residual deformations. Part II: Multi-degree of freedom systems. J Earth Eng, 2003, 7: 119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  211. Bertalanffy L. General system theory: foundations, development, applications. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern, 1974, 6: 592–592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  212. Climellaro G P. Urban Resilience for Emergency Response and Recovery, Fundamental Concepts and Applications. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016

    Google Scholar 

  213. FEMA. Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings Volume 1— Methodology FEMA P58-1. Redwood City: Applied Technology Council, 2018

    Google Scholar 

  214. U. S. Resiliency Council (USRC). USRC building rating system for earthquake hazards. Atherton: U. S. Resiliency Council, 2015 215 Almufti I, Willford M. REDi™ Rating System: Resilience-Based Earthquake Design Initiative for the Next Generation of Buildings. Arup, 2013

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tong Guo.

Additional information

This work was supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Multi-Functional Shaking Tables Laboratory of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (Grant No. 2021MFSTL01), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52108440), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20210253), the Project Funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021M690620), and Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds (Grant No. 2021K263B).

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Xu, G., Guo, T. & Li, A. Seismic resilient shear wall structures: A state-of-the-art review. Sci. China Technol. Sci. 66, 1640–1661 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-022-2217-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-022-2217-0

Navigation