Skip to main content
Log in

Regulating wrinkling patterns by periodic surface stiffness in film-substrate structures

  • Article
  • Special Topic: Current Progress in Solid Mechanics and Physical Mechanics
  • Published:
Science China Technological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Surface wrinkling of materials holds promise for important applications in diverse fields such as multifunctional surfaces and biomedical engineering. For these applications, it is of interest to attain various surface wrinkles with tunable wavelengths and amplitudes. Through a combination of experiments and numerical simulations, we here propose a method to regulate the wrinkling patterns in a film-substrate system by introducing periodic surface stiffness, which is generated through sequential specified ultraviolet-ozone (UVO) treatments. Both experiments and numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed technique can produce various patterns with wide, tunable geometrical features and anisotropy. The effects of surface stiffness distribution, the exposure durations of UVO-treatments, and the loading biaxiality are examined on the generated surface patterns.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Refferences

  1. Feng X Q, Cao Y P, Li B. Surface Wrinkling Mechanics of Soft Materials. Beijing: Science Press, 2017

    Google Scholar 

  2. Rogers J A, Someya T, Huang Y. Materials and mechanics for stretchable electronics. Science, 2010, 327: 1603–1607

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Suo Z. Mechanics of stretchable electronics and soft machines. MRS Bull, 2012, 37: 218–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Chen A, Lieu D K, Freschauf L, et al. Shrink-film configurable multiscale wrinkles for functional alignment of human embryonic stem cells and their cardiac derivatives. Adv Mater, 2011, 23: 5785–5791

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Harrison C, Stafford C M, Zhang W, et al. Sinusoidal phase grating created by a tunably buckled surface. Appl Phys Lett, 2004, 85: 4016–4018

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Nie Z, Kumacheva E. Patterning surfaces with functional polymers. Nat Mater, 2008, 7: 277–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ghosh A, Bandyopadhyay D, Sharma A. Electric field mediated elastic contact lithography of thin viscoelastic films for miniaturized and multiscale patterns. Soft Matter, 2018, 14: 3963–3977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Li B, Cao Y P, Feng X Q, et al. Mechanics of morphological instabilities and surface wrinkling in soft materials: A review. Soft Matter, 2012, 8: 5728–5745

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Lin G, Chandrasekaran P, Lv C, et al. Self-similar hierarchical wrinkles as a potential multifunctional smart window with simultaneously tunable transparency, structural color, and droplet transport. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017, 9: 26510–26517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Wang Q, Zhao X. Beyond wrinkles: Multimodal surface instabilities for multifunctional patterning. MRS Bull, 2016, 41: 115–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wang J W, Li B, Cao Y P, et al. Surface wrinkling patterns of filmsubstrate systems with a structured interface. J Appl Mech, 2015, 82: 051009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Yang J, Damle S, Maiti S, et al. Stretching-induced wrinkling in plastic-rubber composites. Soft Matter, 2017, 13: 776–787

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Audoly B, Boudaoud A. Buckling of a stiff film bound to a compliant substrate—Part I. J Mech Phys Solids, 2008, 56: 2401–2421

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Li M, Qin H, Liu J, et al. Mechanism of three-dimensional surface wrinkle manipulation on a compliant substrate. J Appl Mech, 2018, 85: 071004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Song J. Herringbone buckling patterns of anisotropic thin films on elastomeric substrates. Appl Phys Lett, 2010, 96: 051913

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Holland M A, Li B, Feng X Q, et al. Instabilities of soft films on compliant substrates. J Mech Phys Solids, 2017, 98: 350–365

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Li B, Cao Y P, Feng X Q, et al. Surface wrinkling of mucosa induced by volumetric growth: Theory, simulation and experiment. J Mech Phys Solids, 2011, 59: 758–774

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Yin S F, Li B, Cao Y P, et al. Surface wrinkling of anisotropic films bonded on a compliant substrate. Int J Solids Struct, 2018, 141–142: 219–231

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Zhang C, Li B, Huang X, et al. Morphomechanics of bacterial biofilms undergoing anisotropic differential growth. Appl Phys Lett, 2016, 109: 143701

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Wang C, Kang J, Xue Z, et al. Buckling induced delamination and microflow analysis of film/substrate system. Composite Struct, 2017, 161: 8–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Velankar S S, Lai V, Vaia R A. Swelling-induced delamination causes folding of surface-tethered polymer gels. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2012, 4: 24–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Ni Y, Yu S, Jiang H, et al. The shape of telephone cord blisters. Nat Commun, 2017, 8: 14138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Whitesides G M, Bowden N, Brittain S, et al. Spontaneous formation of ordered structures in thin films of metals supported on an elastomeric polymer. Nature, 1998, 393: 146–149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Yin J, Yagüe J L, Eggenspieler D, et al. Deterministic order in surface micro-topologies through sequential wrinkling. Adv Mater, 2012, 24: 5441–5446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Brojan M, Terwagne D, Lagrange R, et al. Wrinkling crystallography on spherical surfaces. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2015, 112: 14–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Stoop N, Lagrange R, Terwagne D, et al. Curvature-induced symmetry breaking determines elastic surface patterns. Nat Mater, 2015, 14: 337–342

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Huang X, Li B, Hong W, et al. Effects of tension-compression asymmetry on the surface wrinkling of film-substrate systems. J Mech Phys Solids, 2016, 94: 88–104

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhao R, Zhao X. Multimodal surface instabilities in curved filmsubstrate structures. J Appl Mech, 2017, 84: 081001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Razavi M J, Zhang T, Li X, et al. Role of mechanical factors in cortical folding development. Phys Rev E, 2015, 92: 032701

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Brau F, Vandeparre H, Sabbah A, et al. Multiple-length-scale elastic instability mimics parametric resonance of nonlinear oscillators. Nat Phys, 2011, 7: 56–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Cai S, Breid D, Crosby A J, et al. Periodic patterns and energy states of buckled films on compliant substrates. J Mech Phys Solids, 2011, 59: 1094–1114

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Li B, Jia F, Cao Y P, et al. Surface wrinkling patterns on a core-shell soft sphere. Phys Rev Lett, 2011, 106: 234301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Zhao Y, Cao Y, Feng X Q, et al. Axial compression-induced wrinkles on a core-shell soft cylinder: Theoretical analysis, simulations and experiments. J Mech Phys Solids, 2014, 73: 212–227

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Yang Y, Dai H H, Xu F, et al. Pattern transitions in a soft cylindrical shell. Phys Rev Lett, 2018, 120: 215503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Gabardo C M, Hosseini A, Soleymani L. A new wrinkle in biosensors: Wrinkled electrodes could be a breakthrough for lab-on-a-chip devices.. IEEE Nanotechnol Mag, 2016, 10: 6–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Wang J, Li B, Cao Y P, et al. Wrinkling micropatterns regulated by a hard skin layer with a periodic stiffness distribution on a soft material. Appl Phys Lett, 2016, 108: 021903

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Huang Z Y, Hong W, Suo Z. Nonlinear analyses of wrinkles in a film bonded to a compliant substrate. J Mech Phys Solids, 2005, 53: 2101–2118

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  38. Jiang H, Khang D Y, Song J, et al. Finite deformation mechanics in buckled thin films on compliant supports. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2007, 104: 15607–15612

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Zhao Y, Han X, Li G, et al. Effect of lateral dimension on the surface wrinkling of a thin film on compliant substrate induced by differential growth/swelling. J Mech Phys Solids, 2015, 83: 129–145

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  40. Bae H J, Bae S, Yoon J, et al. Self-organization of maze-like structures via guided wrinkling. Sci Adv, 2017, 3: e1700071

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Ouchi T, Yang J, Suo Z, et al. Effects ofstifffilm pattern geometry on surface buckling instabilities of elastic bilayers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2018, 10: 23406–23413

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bo Li.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, B., Zeng, C., Yin, S. et al. Regulating wrinkling patterns by periodic surface stiffness in film-substrate structures. Sci. China Technol. Sci. 62, 747–754 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-018-9390-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-018-9390-3

Navigation