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Measurement of ice flow velocities from GPS positions logged by short-period seismographs in East Antarctica

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Abstract

The ice flow velocity is a basic feature of glaciers and ice sheets. Measuring ice flow velocities is very important for estimating the mass balance of ice sheets in the Arctic and Antarctic. Traditional methods for measuring ice flow velocity include the use of stakes, snow pits and on-site geodetic GPS and remote sensing measurement methods. Geodetic GPS measurements have high accuracy, but geodetic GPS monitoring points only sparsely cover the Antarctic ice sheets. Moreover, the resolution and accuracy of ice flow velocities based on remote sensing measurements are low. Although the accuracy of the location data recorded by the navigation-grade GPS receivers embedded in short-period seismographs is not as good as that of geodetic GPS, the ice flow velocity can be accurately measured by these navigation-grade GPS data collected over a sufficiently long period. In this paper, navigation-grade GPS location data obtained by passive seismic observations during the 36th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition were used to accurately track the movement characteristics of the ice sheet in the Larsemann Hills of East Antarctica and the Taishan Station area. The results showed that the ice sheet in the two study areas is basically moving northwestward with an average ice flow velocity of approximately 1 m mon−1. The results in the Taishan Station area are basically consistent with the geodetic GPS results, indicating that it is feasible to use the embedded GPS location data from short-period seismographs to track the movement characteristics of ice sheets. The ice flow characteristics in the Larsemann Hills are more complex. The measured ice flow velocities in the Larsemann Hills with a resolution of 200 m help to understand its characteristics. In summary, the ice flow velocities derived from GPS location data are of great significance for studying ice sheet dynamics and glacier mass balance and for evaluating the systematic errors caused by ice sheet movements in seismic imaging.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the Polar Expedition Office of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the members of the 36th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition, and Professor Tong HAO from Tongji University for their support of this field experiment; we also thank Professor Meijian AN from the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and Associate Professor Gang QIAO from Tongji University for their valuable advice on the data processing and discussion of the results. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41974044, U1901602, 41790465, and 41876227) and the Science and Technology Project of Shenzhen (Grant No. KQTD2017081011725321).

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Correspondence to Xiaofei Chen.

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Fu, L., Guo, J. & Chen, X. Measurement of ice flow velocities from GPS positions logged by short-period seismographs in East Antarctica. Sci. China Earth Sci. 64, 1381–1389 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9765-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9765-6

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