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Ridge subduction and porphyry copper-gold mineralization: An overview

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Abstract

Many large porphyry Cu-Au deposits are connected to adakitic rocks known to be closely associated with ridge subduction. For example, there are several subducting ridges along the east Pacific margin, e.g., in Chile, Peru, and South America, most of which are associated with large porphyry Cu-Au deposits. In contrast, there are much fewer ridge subductions on the west Pacific margin and porphyry Cu-Au deposits are much less there, both in terms of tonnage and the number of deposits. Given that Cu and Au are moderately incompatible elements, oceanic crust has much higher Cu-Au concentrations than the mantle and the continental crust, and thus slab melts with their diagnostic adakitic chemistry have systematically higher Cu and Au, which is favorable for mineralization. Considering the geotherm of subducting slabs in the Phanerozoic, ridge subduction is the most favorable tectonic setting for this. Therefore, slab melting is the likely link in the spatial association between ridge subduction and Cu-Au deposits. Geochemical signatures of slab melting and hence maybe ridge subduction in less eroded regions in eastern China, the central Asian orogenic belt etc. may indicate important exploration targets for large porphyry Cu-Au deposits.

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  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    WeiDong Sun, MingXing Ling, WeiMing Fan & Xing Ding

  2. Research Center for Mineral Resources, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    WeiDong Sun & XiaoYong Yang

  3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    MingXing Ling

  4. Key Laboratory for Metallogenic Dynamics, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    HuaYing Liang

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Sun, W., Ling, M., Yang, X. et al. Ridge subduction and porphyry copper-gold mineralization: An overview. Sci. China Earth Sci. 53, 475–484 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-010-0024-0

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