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Sport mit Typ-1-Diabetes

Ein wahrer Leistungssport

Sport with type 1 diabetes

A true performance sport

  • Leitthema
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Der Diabetologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die vielfältigen positiven gesundheitlichen Wirkungen sportlicher Aktivität sind unbestritten. Sport bedeutet für viele Menschen aber deutlich mehr: ein Stück Lebensqualität. Leider meiden Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes (T1DM) aus Sorge vor Unterzuckerungen und Stoffwechselschwankungen oftmals sportliche Aktivitäten. Eine Vielzahl von Faktoren beeinflusst die Stoffwechselkontrolle beim Sport. Neben der praktizierten Sportart, der individuellen Sporterfahrung, Dauer und Intensität der Belastung ist unbedingt auch das individuelle Unterzuckerungsrisiko zu berücksichtigen. Zunehmende sportwissenschaftliche und diabetologische Erkenntnisse, pharmakologische und technologische Entwicklungen stellen heute eine gute Basis für eine immer sicherere Sportausübung dar. Damit Menschen mit T1DM auch im Kontext eines immer komplexeren Sportangebots von den erfreulichen Möglichkeiten und Entwicklungen profitieren können, bedarf es der Unterstützung durch qualifizierte und motivierte Diabetesteams und Sporttherapeuten/-trainer.

Abstract

The multitude of positive effects of sporting activities on health and well-being are undisputed; however, for many people, doing sport means much more: a piece of quality of life. Unfortunately, people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) often avoid sporting activities out of fear of hypoglycemia and metabolic fluctuations. A number of factors influence metabolic control during exercise. In addition to the type of sport practiced, the individual sporting experience, duration and intensity of exercise, it is essential to take the individual risk of hypoglycemia into account. Nowadays, an efficient basis for safe sports is provided by new research in sports science and diabetology as well as new pharmacological and technological developments. To help people with T1DM benefit from the pleasing opportunities and developments, even in the context of an increasingly complex range of sports, the support from qualified and motivated diabetes teams and sports therapists/trainers is required.

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Abbreviations

AID-Systeme:

Automated insulin delivery systems

APS:

Artificial pancreas system

BG:

Blutglukose

BMI:

Body-Mass-Index

CGM:

Kontinuierliche Glukosemessung

CSII:

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

DDG:

Deutschen Diabetes Gesellschaft

EASD:

European Association for the Study of Diabetes

Glyx:

Glykämischer Index

HCL:

Hybrid-Closed-Loop-System

HIIT:

Hochintensives Intervalltraining

IDAA:

International Diabetic Athletes Association

iscCGM:

„Intermittent-scanning continous glucose monitoring“

ISPAD:

International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes

KG:

Körpergewicht

KH:

Kohlenhydrate

rtCGM:

Real-time continuous glucose monitoring

T1DM:

Typ-1-Diabetes

TIR:

Time in range

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Correspondence to Ulrike Becker or Meinolf Behrens.

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Interessenkonflikt

U. Becker und M. Behrens geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Aus Gründen der besseren Lesbarkeit und Verständlichkeit der Texte wird in Springer-Publikationen in der Regel das generische Maskulinum als geschlechtsneutrale Form verwendet. Dies impliziert immer beide Formen, schließt also die weibliche Form mit ein.

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Becker, U., Behrens, M. Sport mit Typ-1-Diabetes. Diabetologe 17, 121–130 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11428-020-00699-4

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