Skip to main content
Log in

Combination of dynamic hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction with HPLC analysis for the determination of UV filters in cosmetic products

  • Articles
  • Published:
Science China Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A simple method based on hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was successfully developed for the determination of UV filters in cosmetic products. A canular extractor was assembled by mounting a hollow fiber inside an external tube with a tee-connector. The organic solvent was immobilized into the fiber to form a liquid membrane as the acceptor phase. The sample was continuously injected into the extractor and the UV filters were extracted from the aqueous sample into organic acceptor phase. The main parameters affecting HF-LPME including extraction solvent, sample volume, sample flow rate, pH values and ionic strength were investigated. Toluene has been verified to be suitable as the acceptor phase. Under the optimized HF-LPME conditions, the enrichment factors of five UV filters varying from 24 to 57 were achieved. The limits of detection for the five UV filters were in the range of 1–100 μg L−1. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of HF-LPME and HPLC analysis were lower than 5.2%. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of the varied cosmetic products.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. van der Rhee HJ, de Vries E, Coebergh JWW. Does sunlight prevent cancer? A systematic review. Eur J Cancer, 2006, 42(14): 2222–2232

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Armstrong BK, Kricker A. The epidemiology of UV induced skin cancer. J Photoch Photobio B, 2001, 63(1-3): 8–18

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Serpone N, Dondi D, Albini A. Inorganic and organic UV filters: Their role and efficacy in sunscreens and suncare product. Inorg Chim Acta, 2007, 360(3): 794–802

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Chatelain E, Gabard B. Photostabilization of butyl methoxydibenzoyl-methane (Avobenzone) and ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate by bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (Tinosorb S), a new UV broadband filter. Photochem Photobiol, 2001, 74(3): 401–406

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Sayre RM, Dowdy JC, Gerwig AJ, Shields WJ, Lloyd RV. Unexpected photolysis of the sunscreen octinoxate in the presence of the sunscreen avobenzone. Photochem Photobiol, 2005, 81(2): 452–456

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Imanaka N, Masui T, Hirai H, Adachi G. Amorphous ceriumtitanium solid solution phosphate as a novel family of band gap tunable sunscreen materials. Chem Mater, 2003, 15(12): 2289–2291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Norval M, Cullen AP, de Gruijl FR, Longstreth J, Takizawa Y, Lucas RM, Noonan FP, van der Leun JC. The effects on human health from stratospheric ozone depletion and its inter-actions with climate change. Photoch Photobio Sci, 2007, 6(3): 232–251

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Diaz-Cruz MS, Barcelo D. Chemical analysis and ecotoxicological effects of organic UV-absorbing compounds in aquatic ecosystems. Trac-Trend Anal Chem, 2009, 28(6):708–717

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Diaz-Cruz MS, Llorca M, Barcelo D. Organic UV filters and their photodegradates, metabolites and disinfection by-products in the aquatic environment. Trac-Trend Anal Chem, 2008, 27(10): 873–887

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Giokas DL, Salvador A, Chisvert A. UV filters: From sunscreens to human body and the environment. Trac-Trend Anal Chem, 2007, 26(5): 360–374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. European Directive 76/768/EEC and its successive amendments, basic act 31976L0768

  12. Japanese, SCI, Japanese standard of Cosmetic Ingredients, Yakuji Nippo Ltd., Tokyo, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  13. FDA, Department of Health and Human Services, 21CFR Parts 310, 325, 700 and 740, RIN 0910-AA01, Sunscreen Drug Products for over-the-counter Human Use Final Monograph, Federal Register, Rules and Regulations, 1999

  14. Salvador A, Chisvert A. Sunscreen analysis-A critical survey on UV filters determination. Anal Chim Acta, 2005, 537(1–2): 1–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Salvador A, Chisvert A. An environmentally friendly (“green”) reversed-phase liquid chromatography method for UV filters determination in cosmetics. Anal Chim Acta, 2005, 537(1–2): 15–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Tarazona I, Chisvert A, Leon Z, Salvador A. Determination of hydroxylated benzophenone UV filters in sea water samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A, 2010, 1217(29): 4771–4778

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rodil R, Schrader S, Moeder M. Non-porous membrane-assisted liquid-liquid extraction of UV filter compounds from water samples. J Chromatogr A, 2009, 1216(24): 4887–4894

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Oliveira HM, Segundo MA, Lima JLFC, Miro M, Cerda V. On-line renewable solid-phase extraction hyphenated to liquid chromatography for the determination of UV filters using bead injection and multisyringe-lab-on-valve approach. J Chromatogr A, 2010, 1217(22): 3575–3582

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Giokas DL, Sakkas VA, Albanis TA. Determination of residues of UV filters in natural waters by solid-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A, 2004, 1026(1–2): 289–293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Negreira N, Rodriguez I, Ramil M, Rubi E, Cela R. Solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of hydroxylated benzophenone UV absorbers in environmental water samples. Anal Chim Acta, 2009, 654(2): 162–170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Giokas DL, Sakkas VA, Albanis TA, Lampropoulou DA. Determination of UV-filter residues in bathing waters by liquid chromatography UV-diode array and gas chromatography mass spectrometry after micelle mediated extraction-solvent back extraction. J Chromatogr A, 2005, 1077(1): 19–27

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Scalia, S. Determination of sunscreen agents in cosmetic products by supercritical fluid extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A, 2000, 870(1–2): 199–205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Shih Y, Cheng FC. Determination of sunscreen agents in cosmetic products using microwave-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A, 2000, 876(1–2): 243–246

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Vidal L, Chisvert A, Canals A, Salvador A. Ionic liquid-based single-drop microextraction followed by liquid chromatography-ultraviolet spectrophotometry detection to determine typical UV filters in surface water samples. Talanta, 2010, 81(1–2): 549–555

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Gaspar LR, Goncalves PMB. A HPLC method to evaluate the influence of photostabilizers on cosmetic formulations containing UV-filters and vitamins A and E. Talanta, 2010, 82(4): 1490–1494

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Schakel DJ, Kalsbeek D, Boer K. Determination of sixteen UV filters in suncare formulations by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A, 2004, 1049(1–2): 127–130

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Smyrniotakis CG, Archontaki HA. Development and validation of a non-aqueous reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of four chemical UV filters in suncare formulations. J Chromatogr A, 2004, 1031(1–2): 319–324

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Moeder M, Schrader S, Winkler U, Rodil R. At-line microextraction by packed sorbent-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of UV filter and polycyclic musk compounds in water samples. J Chromatogr A, 2010, 1217(17): 2925–2932

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Negreira N, Rodriguez I, Rubi E, Cela R. Determination of selected UV filters in indoor dust by matrix solid-phase dispersion and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A, 2009, 1216(31): 5895–5902

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Rodil R, Moeder M. Development of a method for the determination of UV filters in water samples using stir bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A, 2008, 1179(2): 81–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Rastogi SC, Jensen GH. Identification of UV filters in sunscreen products by high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detection. J Chromatogr A, 1998, 828(1–2): 311–316

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Negreira N, Rodriguez I, Ramil M, Rubi E, Cela R. Sensitive determination of salicylate and benzophenone type UV filters in water samples using solid-phase microextraction, derivatization and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta, 2009, 638(1): 36–44

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Sarafraz-Yazdi A, Amiri A. Liquid-phase microextraction. Trac-Trend Anal Chem, 2010, 29(1): 1–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Hylton K, Mitra S. Automated, on-line membrane extraction. J Chromatogr A, 2007, 1152(1–2): 199–214

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Zhang J, Su T, Lee HK. Development and application of microporous hollow fiber protected liquid-phase microextraction via gaseous diffusion to the determination of phenols in water. J Chromatogr A, 2006, 1121(1): 10–15

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ouyang G, Pawliszyn J. Kinetic calibration for automated hollow fiber-protected liquid-phase microextraction. Anal Chem, 2006, 78(16): 5783–5788

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to HaiFang Li.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Yang, H., Li, H., Masahito, I. et al. Combination of dynamic hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction with HPLC analysis for the determination of UV filters in cosmetic products. Sci. China Chem. 54, 1627–1634 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-011-4331-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-011-4331-x

Keywords

Navigation