Abstract
In this paper, for a compact Lie group action, we prove the anomaly formula and the functoriality of the equivariant Bismut-Cheeger eta forms with perturbation operators when the equivariant family index vanishes. In order to prove them, we extend the Melrose-Piazza spectral section and its main properties to the equivariant case and introduce the equivariant version of the Dai-Zhang higher spectral flow for arbitrary-dimensional fibers. Using these results, we construct a new analytic model of the equivariant differential K-theory for compact manifolds when the group action has finite stabilizers only, which modifies the Bunke-Schick model of the differential K-theory. This model could also be regarded as an analytic model of the differential K-theory for compact orbifolds. Especially, we answer a question proposed by Bunke and Schick (2009) about the well-definedness of the push-forward map.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adem A, Leida J, Ruan Y. Orbifolds and Stringy Topology. Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics, vol. 171. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007
Atiyah M F, Anderson D W. K-Theory, 2nd ed. Advanced Book Classics. Redwood City: Addison-Wesley, 1989
Atiyah M F, Segal G. Twisted K-theory. Ukr Mat Visn, 2004, 1: 287–330; translation in Ukr Math Bull, 2004, 1: 291–334
Atiyah M F, Singer I M. Index theory for skew-adjoint Fredholm operators. Publ Math Inst Hautes Études Sci, 1969, 37: 5–26
Atiyah M F, Singer I M. The index of elliptic operators: IV. Ann of Math (2), 1971, 93: 119–138
Berline N, Getzler E, Vergne M. Heat Kernels and Dirac Operators. Grundlehren Text Editions. Berlin: SpringerVerlag, 2004
Berthomieu A. Direct image for some secondary K-theories. Astérisque, 2009, 327: 289–360
Bismut J-M. The Atiyah-Singer index theorem for families of Dirac operators: Two heat equation proofs. Invent Math, 1986, 83: 91–151
Bismut J-M, Cheeger J. η-invariants and their adiabatic limits. J Amer Math Soc, 1989, 2: 33–70
Bismut J-M, Freed D S. The analysis of elliptic families. I. Metrics and connections on determinant bundles. Comm Math Phys, 1986, 106: 159–176
Bismut J-M, Freed D S. The analysis of elliptic families. II. Dirac operators, eta invariants, and the holonomy theorem. Comm Math Phys, 1986, 107: 103–163
Bismut J-M, Lebeau G. Complex immersions and Quillen metrics. Publ Math Inst Hautes Études Sci, 1991, 74: 1–291
Bredon G. Introduction to Compact Transformation Groups. New York: Academic Press, 1972
Bunke U. Index theory, eta forms, and Deligne cohomology. Mem Amer Math Soc, 2009, 198: 1–120
Bunke U, Ma X. Index and secondary index theory for flat bundles with duality. In: Aspects of Boundary Problems in Analysis and Geometry. Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, vol. 151. Basel: Birkhäuser, 2004, 265–341
Bunke U, Schick T. Smooth K-theory. Astérisque, 2009, 328: 45–135
Bunke U, Schick T. Differential K-theory: A survey. In: Global Differential Geometry. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics, vol. 17. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer, 2012, 303–357
Bunke U, Schick T. Differential orbifold K-theory. J Noncommut Geom, 2013, 7: 1027–1104
Dai X. Adiabatic limits, nonmultiplicativity of signature, and Leray spectral sequence. J Amer Math Soc, 1991, 4: 265–321
Dai X, Zhang W. Higher spectral flow. J Funct Anal, 1998, 157: 432–469
de Rham G. Variétés différentiables: Formes, courants, formes harmoniques. Paris: Hermann, 1973
Dimakis P, Melrose R. Equivariant K-theory and resolution I: Abelian actions. In: Geometric Analysis. In Honor of Gang Tian’s 60th Birthday. Progress in Mathematics, vol. 333. Basel: Birkhäuser, 2020, 71–92
Donnelly H. Eta invariants for G-spaces. Indiana Univ Math J, 1978, 27: 889–918
Fang H. Equivariant spectral flow and a Lefschetz theorem on odd-dimensional spin manifolds. Pacific J Math, 2005, 220: 299–312
Freed D S, Hopkins M. On Ramond-Ramond fields and K-theory. J High Energy Phys, 2000, 5: 44
Freed D S, Hopkins M J, Teleman C. Loop groups and twisted K-theory I. J Topol, 2011, 4: 737–798
Freed D S, Lott J. An index theorem in differential K-theory. Geom Topol, 2010, 14: 903–966
Getzler E. The odd Chern character in cyclic homology and spectral flow. Topology, 1993, 32: 489–507
Gorokhovsky A, Lott J. A Hilbert bundle description of differential K-theory. Adv Math, 2018, 328: 661–712
Hirsch M W. Differential Topology. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 33. New York-Heidelberg-Berlin: SpringerVerlag, 1976
Hopkins M J, Singer I M. Quadratic functions in geometry, topology, and M-theory. J Differential Geom, 2005, 70: 329–452
Lawson H B, Michelsohn M-L. Spin Geometry. Princeton Mathematical Series, vol. 38. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990
Leichtnam E, Piazza P. Dirac index classes and the noncommutative spectral flow. J Funct Anal, 2003, 200: 348–400
Liu B. Functoriality of equivariant eta forms. J Noncommut Geom, 2017, 11: 225–307
Liu B. Real embedding and equivariant eta forms. Math Z, 2019, 292: 849–878
Liu B, Ma X. Differential K-theory and localization formula for η-invariants. Invent Math, 2020, 222: 545–613
Liu K, Ma X. On family rigidity theorems, I. Duke Math J, 2000, 102: 451–474
Liu K, Ma X, Zhang W. Spinc manifolds and rigidity theorems in K-theory. Asian J Math, 2000, 4: 933–959
Ma X. Formes de torsion analytique et familles de submersions I. Bull Soc Math France, 1999, 127: 541–621
Ma X. Submersions and equivariant Quillen metrics. Ann Inst Fourier Grenoble, 2000, 50: 1539–1588
Ma X. Functoriality of real analytic torsion forms. Israel J Math, 2002, 131: 1–50
Ma X, Marinescu G. Holomorphic Morse Inequalities and Bergman Kernels. Progress in Mathematics, vol. 254. Basel: Birkhäuser, 2007
Melrose R B, Piazza P. Families of Dirac operators, boundaries and the b-calculus. J Differential Geom, 1997, 46: 99–180
Melrose R B, Piazza P. An index theorem for families of Dirac operators on odd-dimensional manifolds with boundary. J Differential Geom, 1997, 46: 287–334
Mostow G D. Cohomology of topological groups and solvmanifolds. Ann of Math (2), 1961, 73: 20–48
Ortiz M L. Differential equivariant K-theory. PhD Thesis. Austin: The University of Texas at Austin, 2009
Quillen D. Superconnections and the Chern character. Topology, 1985, 24: 89–95
Segal G. Equivariant K-theory. Publ Math Inst Hautes Études Sci, 1968, 34: 129–151
Simons J, Sullivan D. Structured vector bundles define differential K-theory. In: Quanta fo Maths. Clay Mathematics Proceedings, vol. 11. Providence: Amer Math Soc, 2010, 579–599
Szabo R J, Valentino A. Ramond-Ramond fields, fractional branes and orbifold differential K-theory. Comm Math Phys, 2010, 294: 647–702
Tradler T, Wilson S O, Zeinalian M. An elementary differential extension of odd K-theory. J K-Theory, 2013, 12: 331–361
Witten E. D-branes and K-theory. J High Energy Phys, 1998, 1998: 19
Zhang W. Lectures on Chern-Weil Theory and Witten Deformations. Nankai Tracts in Mathematics, vol. 4. River Edge: World Scientific, 2001
Zhang W. An extended Cheeger-Müller theorem for covering spaces. Topology, 2005, 44: 1093–1131
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (STCSM) (Grant No. 18dz2271000), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant No. 20ZR1416700) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11931007). The author thanks Professors Xiaonan Ma and Ulrich Bunke for helpful discussions. The author thanks Shu Shen and Guoyuan Chen for the conversations. The author also thanks the anonymous referees for various helpful suggestions that improved the clarity and quality of the paper.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, B. Equivariant eta forms and equivariant differential K-theory. Sci. China Math. 64, 2159–2206 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11425-020-1852-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11425-020-1852-5
Keywords
- equivariant eta form
- equivariant differential K-theory
- equivariant spectral section
- equivariant higher spectral flow
- orbifold