Abstract
In this work, we theoretically analyze the convergence error estimates of the Crank-Nicolson (C-N) scheme for solving decoupled FBSDEs. Based on the Taylor and Itô-Taylor expansions, the Malliavin calculus theory (e.g., the multiple Malliavin integration-by-parts formula), and our new truncation error cancelation techniques, we rigorously prove that the strong convergence rate of the C-N scheme is of second order for solving decoupled FBSDEs, which fills the gap between the second-order numerical and theoretical analysis of the C-N scheme.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Antonelli F. Backward forward stochastic differential equations. Ann Appl Probab, 1993, 3: 777–793
Bender C, Denk R. A forward scheme for backward SDE. Stochastic Process Appl, 2007, 117: 1793–1812
Bender C, Zhang J. Time discretization and Markovian iteration for coupled FBSDEs. Ann Appl Probab, 2008, 18: 143–177
Bouchard B, Touzi N. Discrete-time approximation and Monte-Carlo simulation of backward stochastic differential equations. Stochastic Process Appl, 2004, 111: 175–206
Crisan D, Manolarakis K. Second order discretization of backward SDE and simulation with the cubature method. Ann Appl Probab, 2014, 24: 652–678
Cvitanic J, Zhang J. The steepest descent method for forward-backward SDE. Electron J Probab, 2005, 10: 1468–1495
Delarue F, Menozzi S. A forward-backward stochastic algorithm for quasi-linear PDEs. Ann Appl Probab, 2006, 16: 140–184
Douglas J, Ma J, Protter P. Numerical methods for forward-backward stochastic differential equations. Ann Appl Probab, 1996, 6: 940–968
Evans L C. Partial Differential Equations. Providence: Amer Math Soc, 1998
Gobet E, Labart C. Error expansion for the discretization of backward stochastic differential equations. Stochastic Process Appl, 2007, 117: 803–829
Gobet E, Lemmor J P, Warin X. A regression-based Monte Carlo method to solve backward stochastic differential equations. Ann Appl Probab, 2005, 15: 2172–2202
Karoui N E, Peng S G, Quenez M C. Backward stochastic differential equations in finance. Math Finance, 1997, 7: 1–71
Kloeden P E, Platen E. Numerical Solution of Stochastic Differential Equations. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1992
Ladyzenskaja O, Solonnikov V, Uralceva N. Linear and Quasilinear Equations of Parabolic Type. Providence: Amer Math Soc, 1968
Ma J, Protter P, San J M, et al. Numerical methods for backward stochastic differential equations. Ann Appl Probab, 2002, 12: 302–316
Ma J, Yong J. Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations and Their Applications. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1999
Nualart D. The Malliavin Calculus and Related Topics. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1995
Pardoux E, Peng S G. Adapted solution of a backward stochastic differntial equation. Systems Control Lett, 1990, 14: 55–61
Pardoux E, Rascanu A. Stochastic Differential Equations, Backward SDEs, Partial Differential Equations. Berlin: Springer, 2014
Peng S G. A general stochastic maximum principle for optimal control problems. SIAM J Control Optim, 1990, 28: 966–979
Peng S G. Probabilistic interpretation for systems of quasilinear parabolic partial differential equations. Stoch Stoch Rep, 1991, 37: 61–74
Peng S G. Backward SDE and related g-expectation, in backward stochastic differential equations In: Pitman Res Notes Math Ser, vol. 364. Harlow: Longman, 1997, 141–159
Peng S G, Wang F L. BSDE, path-dependent PDE and nonlinear Feynman-Kac formula. Sci China Math, 2016, 59: 19–36
Peng S G, Zhang H L. Stochastic calculus with respect to G-Brownian motion viewed through rough paths. Sci China Math, 2017, 60: 1–20
Yang J, Zhao W D. Convergence of recent multistep schemes for a forward-backward stochastic differential equation. East Asian J Appl Math, 2015, 5: 387–404
Zhang J F. A numerical scheme for BSDE. Ann Appl Probab, 2004, 14: 459–488
Zhang W, Zhao W D. Euler-type schemes for weakly coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations and optimal convergence analysis. Front Math China, 2015, 10: 415–434
Zhao W D, Chen L F, Peng S G. A new kind of accurate numerical method for backward stochastic differential equations. SIAM J Sci Comput, 2006, 28: 1563–1581
Zhao W D, Fu Y, Zhou T. New kinds of high-order multi-step schemes for coupled forward backward stochastic differential equations. SIAM J Sci Comput, 2014, 36: 1731–1751
Zhao W D, Li Y, Fu Y. Second-order schemes for solving decoupled forward backward stochastic differential equations. Sci China Math, 2014, 57: 665–686
Zhao W D, Li Y, Ju L L. Error estimates of the Crank-Nicolson scheme for solving backward stochastic differential equations. Int J Numer Anal Model, 2013, 10: 876–898
Zhao W D, Li Y, Zhang G. A generalized θ-scheme for solving backward stochastic differential equations. Discrete Contin Dyn Syst Ser B, 2012, 17: 1585–1603
Zhao W D, Wang J L, Peng S G. Error estimates of the θ-scheme for backward stochastic differential equations. Discrete Contin Dyn Syst Ser B, 2009, 12: 905–924
Zhao W D, Zhang G N, Ju L L. A stable multistep scheme for solving backward stochastic differential equations. SIAM J Numer Anal, 2010, 48: 1369–1394
Zhao W D, Zhang W, Ju L L. A numerical method and its error estimates for the decoupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations. Commun Comput Phys, 2014, 15: 618–646
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Shanghai University Young Teacher Training Program (Grant No. slg14032) and National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grant Nos. 11501366 and 11571206). The authors thank the referees very much for their valuable comments, which help them to improve our paper a lot.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, Y., Yang, J. & Zhao, W. Convergence error estimates of the Crank-Nicolson scheme for solving decoupled FBSDEs. Sci. China Math. 60, 923–948 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11425-016-0178-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11425-016-0178-8
Keywords
- convergence analysis
- Crank-Nicolson scheme
- decoupled forward backward stochastic differential equations
- Malliavin calculus
- trapezoidal rule