Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

An e-learning environment embedded with sign language videos: research into its usability and the academic performance and learning patterns of deaf students

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Educational Technology Research and Development Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This research investigates the usability of an e-learning environment that is embedded with sign language videos and deaf students’ related academic performances and learning patterns. A mixed-methods research design was utilized, which involved the use of a usability questionnaire, performance tests, learning activities, e-learning log data, and interviews. The results revealed that the deaf students showed a moderate level of e-learning usability. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the performance tests, and the treatment used had a large effect on the deaf students’ performance. Through decision tree analysis, eleven learning patterns emerged based on the three increment categories of the deaf students’ performance. Briefly, the deaf students who achieved the best performance increment category were those who accessed the sign language videos more frequently compared to other deaf students. The findings and implications are further discussed, and possible future studies are suggested.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
€32.70 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Finland)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

References

  • Abuzinadah, E. N., Malibari, A. A., & Krause, P. (2017). Towards empowering hearing impaired students’ in computing and technology. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 8(1), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2017.080116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akram, B., Mehboob, R., Ajaz, A., & Bashir, R. (2013). Scientific concept of hearing and deaf students of grade VII. Journal of Elementary Education, 23(1), 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Bayati, M. A., & Hussein, K. Q. (2009). Effects of tutorial e-lessons for hearing impaired persons on motivation towards learning (general science topic as case study). European Journal of Scientific Research, 38(2), 189–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • AlDekhail, M. S. (2015). E-learning assistance and application for the auditory-impaired population: A review with recommendation. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 5(3), 36–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ali, A. Z. M. (2012). Lima prinsip persembahan animasi dalam perisian pendidikan. JurnalTeknologi Pendidikan Malaysia, 1(2), 15–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alias, A., Sharif, N. M., Baharuddin, N. F., Hamzah, M. H. M., & Zahari, F. (2016). Penerokaan kesan pengajaran dan pembelajaran menggunakan visual imej dalam kalangan pelajar cacat pendengaran. Malaysian Journal of Communication, 32(1), 335–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • American Institute for Research. (2007). Multimedia instruction for students who are deaf. Retrieved from https://www.ctdinstitute.org/sites/default/files/file_attachments/CITEd%2520Multimedia%2520Instruction%2520for%2520Students%2520who%2520are%2520Deaf%2520FINAL.pdf.

  • Andrew, K. N., Hoshooley, J., & Joanisse, M. F. (2014). Sign language ability in young deaf signers predicts comprehension of written sentences in English. PLoS ONE, 9(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ariffin, A., Samsudin, M. A., Zain, A. M., Hamzah, N., & Ismail, M. E. (2017). Effects of using graphics and animation online problem-based learning on visualization skills among students. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, (pp. 1–11). Beijing, China: IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/203/1/012022.

  • Arumugam, R. (2006). Kesan Peta Animasi Dan Interaktif Dalam Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Geografi. Unpublished doctoral disseratation. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak.

  • Atika, I. N., Ediyanto, E., & Kawai, N. (2018). Improving deaf and hard of hearing students’ achievements using sts approach: A literature review. International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education, 2, 13–24. https://doi.org/10.20961/ijpte.v2i0.19748.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968). Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 2, 89–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60422-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berent, G. P. (2001). English for deaf students: Assessing and addressing learners’ grammar development. In D. Janakova (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Seminar on Teaching English to Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students at Secondary and Tertiary Levels of Education, (pp. 124–134). Prague, Czech Republic: Karolinum Press.

  • Blasco-Arcas, L., Buil, I., Hernández-Ortega, B., & Sese, F. J. (2013). Using clickers in class: The role of interactivity, active collaborative learning and engagement in learning performance. Computers & Education, 62, 102–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.10.019.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blom, H., Marschark, M., Vervloed, M. P., & Knoors, H. (2014). Finding friends online: Online activities by deaf students and their well-being. PLoS ONE, 9(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088351.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bochner, J. H., & Bochner, A. M. (2009). A limitation on reading as a source of linguistic input: Evidence from deaf learners. Reading in a Foreign Language, 21(2), 143–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bransford, J. D., & Stein, B. S. (1984). The ideal problem solver: A guide to improving thinking, learning, and creativity. New York: William Freeman and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brice, P. J., & Strauss, G. (2016). Deaf adolescents in a hearing world: A review of factors affecting psychosocial adaptation. Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics, 7, 67–76. https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S60261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bueno, F. J., Fernández del Castillo, J. R., Garcia, S., & Borrego, R. (2007). E-learning content adaptation for deaf students. 12th annual SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education. (pp. 271–275). Dundee, Scotland. 10.1145/1269900.1268862.

  • Burton, M. (2013). Evaluation of sign language learning tools: Understanding features for improved collaboration and communication between a parent and a child. Master’s Thesis. Retrieved from Iowa State University Digital Repository https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/13120.

  • Cavender, A. C., Otero, D. S., Bigham, J. P., & Ladner, R. E. (2010). ASL-STEM forum: enabling sign language to grow through online collaboration. 2nd SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 2075–2078). Atlanta, USA. https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753642.

  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Comerchero, M. (2006). E-learning concepts and techniques. Bloomsburg, PA: Bloomsburg University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa, C., Alvelos, H., & Teixeira, L. (2015). The Moodle platform: A study in a higher education Portuguese institution. In J. E. Varajao, M. Cruz-Cunha, & R. Martinho (Eds.), Improving organizational effectiveness with enterprise information systems (pp. 13–30). Pennsylvania: IGI Global.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Cowan, N. (2014). Working memory underpins cognitive development, learning, and education. Educational Psychology Review, 26(2), 197–223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-013-9246-y.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cranmer, G. A. (2017). One-group pretest-posttest design. In the SAGE encyclopedia of communication research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cummins, J. (1989). A theoretical framework of bilingual special education. Exceptional Children, 56, 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440298905600203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Debevc, M., Kosec, P., & Holzinger, A. (2011). Improving multimodal web accessibility for deaf people: Sign language interpreter module. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 54(1), 181–199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-010-0529-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Debevc, M., Stjepanovic, Z., & Holzinger, A. (2012). Development and evaluation of an e-learning course for deaf and hard of hearing based on the advanced adapted pedagogical index method. Interactive Learning Environments, 22(1), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2011.641673.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dix, A. J., Finlay, J., Abowd, G., & Beale, R. (2004). Principles to support usability in human-computer interaction (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drigas, A. S., Vrettaros, J., & Kouremenos, D. (2004). Tele-education and e-learning services for teaching English as a second language to deaf people, whose first language is the sign language. WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications, 1(3), 834–842.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eckert, W. A. (2000). Situational enhancement of design validity: The case of training evaluation at the world bank institute. American Journal of Evaluation, 21(2), 185–193. https://doi.org/10.1177/109821400002100205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elliott, E. A., & Jacobs, A. M. (2013). Facial expressions, emotions, and sign languages. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fajardo, I., Canas, J. J., Salmeron, L., & Abascal, J. (2006). Improving deaf users accessibility in hypertext information retrieval: Are graphical interfaces useful for them? Behavior and Information Technology., 25, 455–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/01449290500331180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fong, S. F., Shakaran, C., Dolah, J., & Ziden, A. A. (2015). E-signnet-instructional design for effective online learning of the sign language. The 5th International Conference on e-Learning (pp. 1–9). Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.

  • Gasevic, D., Dawson, S., Rogers, T., & Gasevic, D. (2016). Learning analytics should not promote one size fits all: The effects of instructional conditions in predicting academic success. The Internet and Higher Education, 28, 68–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.10.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, C. J. (2005). An introduction to language and linguistics: Breaking the language spell. London: Continuum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hambrick, D. Z., & Engle, R. W. (2003). The role of working memory in problem solving. In J. E. Davidson & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The psychology of problem solving (pp. 176–206). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Harun, J., & Tasir, Z. (2003). Multimedia dalam pendidikan. Pahang: PTS Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hashim, H., & Tasir, Z. (2014). E-learning readiness: A literature review. 2014 International Conference on Teaching and Learning in Computing and Engineering (pp. 267–271). Kuching, Sarawak. https://doi.org/10.1109/LaTiCE.2014.58.

  • Hat, N. C., Saari, S. H., & Hamid, M. F. A. (2013). Persepsi Pelajar Terhadap Penggunaan Animasi dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab. Sains Humanika, 63(1), 25–29. https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v63n1.141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hidayat, L., Gunarhadi, G., & Hidayatulloh, F. (2017). Multimedia based learning materials for deaf students. European Journal of Special Education Research, 2(3), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.376744.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holmstrom, I., & Schonstrom, K. (2017). Resources for deaf and hard-of-hearing students in mainstream schools in Sweden: A survey. Deafness & Education International, 19(1), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/14643154.2017.1292670.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, Y. (2008). Motivation, usability and their interrelationships in a self-paced online learning environment. Doctoral Dissertation. Retrieved from VirginiaTech https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/28856.

  • Im, S., & Kim, O. J. (2014). An approach to teach science to students with limited language proficiency: In the case of students with hearing impairment. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 12(6), 1393–1406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-013-9465-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, L. (2014). Developing deaf children's conceptual understanding and scientific argumentation skills: A literature review. Deafness & Education International, 16(3), 146–160. https://doi.org/10.1179/1557069X13Y.0000000032.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jumaat, N. F. (2014). A framework of metacognitive scaffolding in learning through facebook. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.

  • Kader, S. F. A., & Ismail, M. (2008). Comprehending a story among deaf children: Is it ICT or conventional? 2nd International Malaysian Educational Technology Convention. Kuantan, Pahang.

  • Kember, D. (2003). To control or not to control; the question of whether experimental designs are appropriate for evaluating teaching innovations in higher education. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 28(1), 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602930301684.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khwaldeh, S. M. (2011). Implementation, use and analysis of open source learning management system “Moodle” and e-learning for the deaf in Jordan. Doctoral dissertation. Retrieved from University of Central Lancashire https://clok.uclan.ac.uk/5313/.

  • Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kurz, K. B., Schick, B., & Hauser, P. C. (2015). Deaf children’s science content learning in direct instruction versus interpreted instruction. Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities, 18(1), 23–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kvale, S. (1996). The 1,000-page question. Qualitative Inquiry, 2(3), 275–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lang, H. G. (2006). Teaching science. In D. F. Moores & D. S. Martin (Eds.), Deaf learners: Developments in curriculum and instruction (pp. 57–74). Washington DC: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lang, H. G., & Albertini, J. A. (2001). Construction of meaning in the authentic science writing of deaf students. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 6(4), 258–284. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/6.4.258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leech, N. L., Barrett, K. C., & Morgan, G. A. (2011). IBM SPSS for intermediate statistics: Use and Interpretation (4th ed.). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y. (2009). Through virtual learning community to achieve liberated learning for deaf students. In 2nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (pp. 37–40). Beijing, China. 10.1109/ICCSIT.2009.5234464.

  • Lindstrom, R. (1994). The business week guide to multimedia presentations: Create dynamic presentations that inspire. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Littlejohn, A. (2003). Reusing online resources-a sustainable approach to e-learning. London: Kogan Page.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Long, G. L., Marchetti, C., & Fasse, R. (2011). The importance of interaction for academic success in online courses with hearing, deaf, and hard-of-hearing students. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 12(6), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v12i6.1015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martins, P., Rodrigues, H., Rocha, T., Francisco, M., & Morgado, L. (2015). Accessible options for deaf people in e-learning platforms: Technology solutions for sign language translation. Procedia Computer Science, 67, 263–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, C., & Wells, G. (1996). Can the linguistic interdependence theory support a bilingual-bicultural model of literacy education for deaf students? Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 1, 93–107. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.deafed.a014290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia learning (2nd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, R. E., & Moreno, R. (2003). Animation as an aid to multimedia learning. Educational Psychology Review, 14, 87–99. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013184611077.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCombs, B. (2012). Developing responsible and autonomous learners: A key to motivating students. Retrieved from American Psychological Association https://www.apa.org/education/k12/learners.aspx.

  • McIntosh, R., Sulzen, L., Reeder, K., & Kid, D. (1994). Making science accessible for deaf students. American Annals of the Deaf, 5, 480–484. https://doi.org/10.1353/aad.1994.0007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKimm, J., Jollie, C., & Cantillon, P. (2003). ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Web based learning. BMJ, 326(7394), 870–873. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7394.870.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed, J. K. A. (2007). Pendidikan khas untuk kanak-kanak istimewa. Kuala Lumpur: PTS Professional Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Molander, B. O., Pedersen, S., & Norell, K. (2001). Deaf pupils reasoning about phenomena. Journal of Deaf Students and Deaf Education, 6, 200–211. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/6.3.200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, D. M., Burton, J. K., & Myers, R. J. (2004). Multiple-channel Communication: The theoretical and research foundations of multimedia. In D. H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (2nd ed., pp. 981–1005). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moores, D. F., & Martin, D. S. (2006). Deaf learners: Developments in curriculum and instruction. Washington: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morávková, V. (2011). Deaf students and their motivation to learn English. Unpublished Bachelor’s Thesis, Masaryk University Brno, Czech Republic.

  • Mousley, K., & Kelly, R. R. (1998). Problem solving strategies for teaching mathematics to deaf students. American Annals of the Deaf, 143(4), 325–336. https://doi.org/10.1353/aad.2012.0082.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mwanyuma, R. (2016). Factors influencing the academic achievement of deaf learners in Kilifi County, Kenya: A case of Sahajanand School for the Deaf. Master’s Thesis. Retrieved from University of Nairobi https://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/bitstream/handle/11295/98964/Mwanyuma_Factors%2520Influencing%2520The%2520Academic%2520Achievement%2520Of%2520Deaf%2520Learners%2520In%2520Kilifi%2520County,%2520Kenya,%2520%2520A%2520Case%2520Of%2520Sahajanand%2520School%2520For%2520The%2520Deaf.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.

  • Naidoo, S. S. (2008). Science education for deaf learners: Educator perspectives and perceptions. Master’s Thesis. Retrieved from University of the Witwatersrand. https://146.141.12.21/handle/10539/5918.

  • Namukoa, A. W. (2014). Teacher practices in science literacy instruction for learners who are deaf or hard of hearing in Kenya. Doctoral Dissertation. Retrieved from University of Alberta. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/e5b77a77-94aa-494b-87af-440606e95142/view/18a11d74-90e0-45a7-af7b-e8f355936b82/Namukoa_Abraham_W_201407_MEd.pdf.

  • Nevo, D., & Chan, Y. E. (2007). A Delphi study of knowledge management systems: Scope and requirements. Information & Management, 44(6), 583–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2007.06.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Niari, M., & Hartofylaka, A. M. T. (2017). Instructional design of the WaW e-courses. Open education The Journal for Open and Distance Education and Educational Technology, 13(2), 149–155. https://doi.org/10.12681/jode.15274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nichols, M. (2003). A theory for e-learning. Educational Technology & Society, 6(2), 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nordin, N., Zaharudin, R., Yasin, M. H. M., & Lubis, M. A. (2013). Students’ view on the ICT courses specially-designed for the deaf learners. Asian Social Science, 9(12), 13–19. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n12p13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pashler, H. (2004). Stevens' handbook of experimental psychology, memory and cognitive processes (2nd ed.). Hoboken: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patalano, F. (2015). Science based education for students who are deaf and/or hard of hearing. Doctoral Dissertation. Retrieved from Arcadia University. https://scholarworks.arcadia.edu/grad_etd/1/.

  • Paulus, J. K., Dahabreh, I. J., Balk, E. M., Avendano, E. E., Lau, J., & Ip, S. (2014). Opportunities and challenges in using studies without a control group in comparative effectiveness reviews. Research Synthesis Methods, 5(2), 152–161. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Preece, J., Sharp, H., & Rogers, Y. (2002). Interaction design: Beyond human–computer interaction. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rabu, S. N. A., (2015). Online instructor scaffolding in enhancing undergraduate students’ critical thinking Unpublished Doctoral Dissetation. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.

  • Razali, N. M., & Wah, Y. B. (2011). Power comparisons of Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Lilliefors, and Anderson-Darling tests. Journals of Statistical Modelling and Analytics, 2(1), 21–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhea, M. R. (2004). Determining the magnitude of treatment effects in strength training research through the use of the effect size. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18(4), 918–920. https://doi.org/10.1519/14403.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roald, I., & Mikalsen, O. (2000). What are the Earth and the heavenly bodies like? A study of objectual conceptions among Norwegian deaf and hearing pupils. International Journal of Science Education, 22(4), 337–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/095006900289787.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schleper, D. (1998). Read it again and again: A manual for educators. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Pre-College National Missions Program.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shank, R. & Cleary, C. (1995). Natural learning, natural teaching: Changing human memory. In H. J. Morowitz & J. L. Singer (Eds.), The brain and complex adaptive system. Santa Fe Institute Studies in Sciences Complexity. Reading, Addison-Wesley.

  • Shapiro, S. S., & Wilk, M. B. (1965). An analysis of variance test for normality. Biometrica, 52(3), 591–611. https://doi.org/10.2307/2333709.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shukor, N. A., (2013). Cognitive engagement in a computer supported collaborative learning environment. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.

  • Singh, C. (2003). Building effective blended learning programs. Educational Technology, 43(6), 51–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sloan, D., Stratford, J., & Gregor, P. (2006). Using multimedia to enhance the accessibility of the learning environment for disabled students: Reflections from the Skills for Access project. ALT-J, 14(1), 39–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687760500479936.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Snider, L. (2005). Effective teaching strategies in mathematics and science. Master’s Thesis. Retrieved from Rochester Institute of Technology https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/4025/.

  • Strampel, K. & Oliver, R. (2010). They think they are learning, but are they? Strategies for implementing Web 2.0 to positively impact student learning. In C.H. Steel, M.J. Keppell, P. Gerbic & S. Housego (Eds.), Curriculum, technology & transformation for an unknown future. Proceedings ascilite Sydney 2010 (pp. 924–935). Retrieved from https://ascilite.org.au/conferences/sydney10/procs/Strampel-full.pdf.

  • Tannu, K. (2008). Computer animations a science teaching aid: Contemplating an effective methodology. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED500006.pdf.

  • Thornhill, S., Asensio, M., & Young, C. (2002). Video streaming a guide for educational development. Manchester: The JISC Click and Go Video Project.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tolar, T. D., Lederberg, A. R., Gokhale, S., & Tomasello, M. (2007). The development of the ability to recognize the meaning of iconic signs. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 13(2), 225–240. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enm045.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tversky, B., Morrison, J. B., & Betrancourt, M. (2002). Animation: Can it facilitate? International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 57(4), 247–262. https://doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.1017.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ubaidullah, N. H. (2007). Perisian kursus multimedia dalam literasi (D-Matematika) untuk pelajar disleksia. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vinoth, N., & Nirmala, K. (2017). Deaf students higher education system using e-learning. Journal of Education and Learning, 11(1), 41–46. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v11i1.5131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watkins, R., Leigh, D., & Triner, D. (2004). Assessing readiness for e-learning. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 17(4), 66–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1937-8327.2004.tb00321.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wittmann, W. W., & Sub, H. M. (1999). Investigating the paths between working memory, intelligence, knowledge, and complex problem-solving performances via Brunswik symmetry. In P. L. Ackerman, P. C. Kyllonen, & R. D. Roberts (Eds.), Learning and individual differences: Process, trait, and content determinants (pp. 77–108). Washington: American Psychological Association.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wolbers, K. A. (2007). Using balanced and interactive writing instruction to improve the higher order and lower order writing skills of deaf students. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 13(2), 257–277. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enm052.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yoon, J. O., & Kim, M. (2011). The effects of captions on deaf students’ content comprehension, cognitive load, and motivation in online learning. American Annals of the Deaf, 15(3), 283–289.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yusoff, A. & Mohamed, C. R., (2004). Penguasaan Bahasa Melayu dalam kalangan murid pekak: suatu sorotan dari perspektif lingustik. Retrieved from https://jurnalbahasa.dbp.my/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/2-Penguasaan-Bahasa-Melayu-dalam-Kalangan-Murid-Pekak.pdf.

  • Zaharias, P. (2004). A usability evaluation method for e-learning courses. Doctoral Dissertation. Retrieved from Athens University of Economics and Business.

  • Zainuddin, N. M. M., Zaman, H. B., & Ahmad, A. (2009). Learning science using AR-Book by blended learning strategies: A case study on preferred visual needs of deaf students. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 9(2), 5–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng, D., Johnson, P. R., Brown, S. W., Lang, H. G., Babb, I., Scheifele, P. M., et al. (2002). Classroom of the sea: Addressing scientific literacy with deaf students. Northeastern Educational Research Association Conference. Kerhonkson, NY, (pp. 1–27). Retrieved from https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/3250343/NERACOS2002.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1534237799&Signature=onKIbR6Roj8z3xOd2Ft8ne03VJQ%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%2520filename%3DClassroom_Of_The_Sea_Addressing_Scientif.pdf.

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) and Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE) Malaysia for their support in making this project possible. This work was supported by the Research University Grant (Q.J130000.2410.04G79) initiated by UTM and MoHE.

Funding

This work was supported by the Research University Grant (Q.J130000.2410.04G79) initiated by the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zaidatun Tasir.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mohd Hashim, M.H., Tasir, Z. An e-learning environment embedded with sign language videos: research into its usability and the academic performance and learning patterns of deaf students. Education Tech Research Dev 68, 2873–2911 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09802-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09802-4

Keywords

Navigation