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Risk Factor Analysis for 30-Day Mortality After Primary THA in a Single Institution

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HSS Journal ®

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of, and associated risk factors for, 30-day perioperative death following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Data of all the patients were compiled from the computerized total joint registry at a single institution. Between May 1993 and May 2006, 3,232 consecutive primary THA (2,453 elective and 779 nonelective) were performed. Eleven deaths occurred during the first month after surgery (0.34 %). Thirty-day mortality rate after elective THA was 0.08 % (two of 2,453 IC 95 %(0–0.4)). The 30-day mortality rate after nonelective THA was 1.15 % (nine of 779 IC 95 %(0.7–2.4). To analyze the factors that could have contributed with death, we conducted a 4-to-1 nested case–control study. Control cases were strictly matched by sex, age, surgeon, prosthesis fixation mode, and date of surgery. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of risk factors with mortality. Elective surgery was associated with a lower risk of mortality with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.07 (95 % CI 0.008–0.6);p = 0.015. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score III–IV increased the mortality risk 13 times (OR 13.7; 95 % CI 1.6–114.8). Cardiovascular disease increased the risk for mortality eight times (OR 8.83 (95 % CI 1.78–43.6). Time delay before surgery showed a trend towards significance (p = 0.06). Aggressive vs. nonaggressive thromboembolism prophylaxis and the amount of blood transfusions required were not associated with a higher risk of death. Patients undergoing a THA due to fractures, patients with high ASA score, and those with cardiovascular disease were the highest risk factors for 30-day mortality after primary THA.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Silvana Figar, MD from the Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires for her statistical analysis and kind collaboration.

Disclosures

Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article.

Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the reporting of the case and that all investigations were conducted in conformity with the ethical principles of research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Orthopaedics “Carlos E. Ottolenghi”, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Potosí 4215 (1199ACK), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Fernando Comba MD, Ignacio Alonso Hidalgo MD, Martín Buttaro MD & Francisco Piccaluga MD

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  1. Fernando Comba MD
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  2. Ignacio Alonso Hidalgo MD
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  3. Martín Buttaro MD
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  4. Francisco Piccaluga MD
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Correspondence to Fernando Comba MD.

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Comba, F., Alonso Hidalgo, I., Buttaro, M. et al. Risk Factor Analysis for 30-Day Mortality After Primary THA in a Single Institution. HSS Jrnl 8, 111–115 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11420-012-9279-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11420-012-9279-7

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