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Visualizing the spatial distribution of ustalic acid in the fruiting body of Tricholoma kakishimeji

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Abstract

Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) was conducted for the first time using ustalic acid (UA) and the fruiting body of Tricholoma kakishimeji to localize mushroom toxins. The mushroom materials were systematically collected in Japan, and analysis of the cross sections of the materials at a resolution of 120 μm using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI–IMS) revealed the localization of UA and its biogenically related metabolites. MALDI–IMS confirmed that UA was predominantly located on the entire surface of the fruiting body and accumulated in higher amounts in younger fruiting bodies than in mature ones. UA is the first toxic secondary metabolite in the genus Tricholoma locally identified using IMS in mushrooms.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Professor Hirokazu Kawagishi (Shizuoka University) for providing the ustalic acid standard. We would like to thank Enago (https://www.enago.com/) for English language editing.

Funding

This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Number [23K06201]).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmacy, Gifu University of Medical Science, 4-3-3 Nijigaoka, Kani, Gifu, 509-0293, Japan

    Tetsuro Ito, Masashi Fukaya & Kaori Ryu

  2. Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima, Japan

    Syu Taira

  3. Department of Agriculture Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan

    Wataru Aoki & Akiyoshi Yamada

  4. Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Health and Environmental Sciences, Naka-Fudogaoka, Kakamigahara, Gifu, 504-0838, Japan

    Hiroyuki Nagai

  5. Department of Mountain Ecosystem, Institute for Mountain Science, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan

    Akiyoshi Yamada

Authors
  1. Tetsuro Ito
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  2. Syu Taira
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  3. Wataru Aoki
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  4. Hiroyuki Nagai
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  5. Masashi Fukaya
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  6. Kaori Ryu
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  7. Akiyoshi Yamada
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Contributions

Collection and identification of T. kakishimeji, WA and AY; identification of ustalic acid, TI and MF; experiment regarding MALDI–IMS measurement, ST and TI; writing, TI; review and editing, HN, MF, and KR; and supervision, TI and AY. All authors have read and approved the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tetsuro Ito or Akiyoshi Yamada.

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Ito, T., Taira, S., Aoki, W. et al. Visualizing the spatial distribution of ustalic acid in the fruiting body of Tricholoma kakishimeji. J Nat Med (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-024-01823-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-024-01823-0

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