Skip to main content

Surprising Aryan Mediations between German Indology and Nazism: Research and the Adluri/Grünendahl Debate

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

References

  • Adluri, Vishwa P. 2011. “Pride and Prejudice: Orientalism and German Indology.” International Journal of Hindu Studies 15, 3: 253–92.

  • Arvidsson, Stefan. 2006 [2000]. Aryan Idols: Indo-European Mythology as Ideology and Science (trans. Sonia Wichmann). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

  • Barbian, Jan-Pieter. 2013 [2010]. The Politics of Literature in Nazi Germany: Books in the Media Dictatorship (trans. Kate Sturge). New York: Bloomsbury.

  • Baumgärtner, Raimund. 1977. Weltanschauungskampf im Dritten Reich: Die Auseinandersetzung der Kirchen mit Alfred Rosenberg (The Battle of Worldview in the Third Reich: Conflict of the Churches with Alfred Rosenberg). Mainz: Matthias-Grünewald.

  • Ben-Itto Hadassa. (1998) “Die Protokolle der Weisen von Zion": Anatomie einer Fälschung (The Lie That Wouldn’t Die: The Protocols of the Elders of Zion). Aufbau, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Berghahn, Klaus L. 2001. “Patterns of Childhood: Goethe and the Jews.” In Klaus L. Berghahn and Jost Hermand, eds., Goethe in German-Jewish Culture, 3–15. Rochester: Camden House.

  • Bose Sugata. (2011) His Majesty’s Opponent: Subhas Chandra Bose and India’s Struggle Against Empire. Belknap Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Boyle, Nicholas. 1991. Goethe: The Poet and the Age. Volume I: The Poetry of Desire (1749–1790). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

  • Chamberlain Houston Stewart. (1900) Die Grundlagen Des XIX. Jahrhunderts (The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century). Volume 2. Munich, Bruckmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlain, Houston Stewart. 1921. Mensch und Gott: Betrachtungen über Religion und Christentum (Man and God: Contemplating Religion and Christianity). Munich: F. Bruckmann.

  • Chamberlain, Houston Stewart. 1938 [1905]. Arische Weltanschauung (Aryan Worldview). Munich: F. Bruckmann.

  • Dalmia Vasudha. (1997) The Nationalization of Hindu Traditions: Bhāratendu Hariśchandra and Nineteenth-Century Banaras. Oxford University Press, Calcutta

    Google Scholar 

  • Dierks, Margarete. 1939. “Die preußischen Altkonservativen und die Judenfrage, 1810/1847” (The Prussian Old Conservatives and the Jewish Question, 1810/1847). PhD dissertation. Rostock: Universität Rostock.

  • Ellinger, Ekkehard. 2006. Deutsche Orientalistik zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus 1933–1945 (German Orientalism at the Time of National Socialism 1933–1945). Edingen-Neckarhausen: deux mondes.

  • Faye, Emmanuel. 2009 [2005]. Heidegger: The Introduction of Nazism into Philosophy in Light of the Unpublished Seminars of 1933–1935 (trans. Michael B. Smith). New Haven: Yale University Press.

  • Figueira Dorothy M. (1991) “Aryan Ancestors, Pariahs and the Lunatic Fringe." Comparative Civilizations Review 25, 1–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallin Alice. (1986) Midwives to Nazism: University Professors in Weimar Germany 1925–1933. Mercer University Press, Macon

    Google Scholar 

  • Gentile, Emilio. 2006 [2001]. Politics as Religion (trans. George Staunton). Princeton: Princeton University Press.

  • Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. 1814–19. West-östlicher Divan (West- Eastern Divan). Stuttgart: in der Cotta’schen Buchhandlung.

  • Gordon Leonard A. (1974) Bengal: The Nationalist Movement, 1876–1940. Columbia University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Grünendahl, Reinhold. 2008. “Wissenschaftsgeschichte im Schatten postorientalistischer De/Konstruktion.” Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 103, 4–5: 458–78.

  • Grünendahl, Reinhold. 2012. “History in the Making: On Sheldon Pollock’s ‘NS Indology’ and Vishwa Adluri’s ‘Pride and Prejudice.’ ” International Journal of Hindu Studies 16, 2: 189–257.

  • Harnack, Adolf. 1901 [1900]. What is Christianity? (trans. Thomas Bailey). Saunders. London: Williams and Norgate.

  • Hauer Jakob Wilhelm. 1932a. Indiens Kampf um das Reich (India’s Battle for Empire). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.

  • Hauer Jakob Wilhelm. 1932b. Der Yoga Als Heilweg Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.

  • Hauer, Jakob Wilhelm. 1934. Eine indo-arische Metaphysik des Kampfes und der Tat: Die Bhagavadgita in neuer Sicht (An Indo-Aryan Metaphysics of Battle and Deed: The Bhagavad Gītā from a New Perspective). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.

  • Hayes Romain. Bose in Nazi Germany: The First Account of Subhas Chandra Bose’s Relationship with Hitler and the Nazi Party. Noida, Random House (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  • Herf Jeffrey. (1984) Reactionary Modernism: Technology, Culture, and Politics in Weimar and the Third Reich. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Hitler, Adolf. 1940 [1925, 1927]. Mein Kampf. Munich: Zentralverlag der NSDAP., Frz Eher Nachf (Verlag Franz Eher Nachfolger).

  • Hunke, Sigrid. 1960. Allahs Sonne über dem Abendland: Unser arabisches Erbe (Allah’s Sun Over the Occident: Our Arab Heritage). Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt.

  • Ingrao, Christian. 2013 [2010]. Believe and Destroy: Intellectuals in the SS War Machine (trans. Andrew Brown). Cambridge: Polity Press.

  • Irwin, Robert. 2007 [2006]. For Lust of Knowing: The Orientalists and their Enemies. London: Penguin.

  • Junginger Horst. (1999) Von der philologischen zur völkischen Religionswissenschaft (From the Philological to the völkisch Science of Religion). Franz Steiner, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Junginger, Horst. 2003. “Das ‘Arische Seminar’ der Universität Tübingen 1940–1945” (The ‘Aryan Seminar’ of the University of Tübingen 1940– 1945). In Heidrun Brückner, Kaus Butzenberger, Angelika Malinar, Gabriele Zeller, eds., Indienforschung im Zeitenwandel: Analysen und Dokumente zur Indologie und Religionswissenschaft in Tübingen, 177– 207. Tübingen: Attempto.

  • Kater Michael H. (2001) Das “Ahnenerbe" der SS 1935–1945: Ein Beitrag zur Kulturpolitik des Dritten Reiches. Oldenbourg, Munich

    Google Scholar 

  • Klemperer Victor. (2007) LTI: Notizbuch eines Philologen (LTI: Notebook of a Philologist). Philipp Reclam jun, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolnai Aurel. (1938) The War Against the West. Victor Gollancz, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Kontje Dodd. (2004) German Orientalisms. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhlmann Jan. (2003) Subhas Chandra Bose und die Indienpolitik der Achsenmächte (Subhas Chandra Bose and the Indian Politics of the Axis Powers). Schiler, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwiet, Konrad. 2004. “Paul Zapp: Vordenker und Vollstrecker der Judenvernichtung” (Paul Zapp: Anticipator and Executioner of the Jewish Genocide). In Klaus-Michael Mallmann and Gerhard Paul, eds., Karrieren der Gewalt: Nationalsozialistische Täterbiographien, 252– 63. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.

  • Lächele, Rainer. 1999. “Protestantismus und völkische Religion im deutschen Kaiserreich” (Protestantism and Ethnic-National Religion During the German Empire). In Uwe Puschner, Walter Schmitz, and Justus H. Ulbricht, eds., Handuch zur “völkischen Bewegung” 1871– 1918, 149–63. Munich: K. G. Saur.

  • Lebovic, Nitzan. 2005. The Politicization of Lebensphilosophie: From Ludwig Klages to National Socialism (1870–1933). PhD dissertation. University of California, Los Angeles.

  • Lebovic Nitzan. (2013) The Philosophy of Life and Death: Ludwig Klages and the Rise of a Nazi Biopolitics. Palgrave Macmillan, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • MacDonogh Giles. (1992) A Good German: A Biography of Adam von Trott zu Solz. The Overlook Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Malinar, Angelika. 2003. “ ‘Ksatriya-Glaube’ und ‘Opferwesen’: Richard Garbe und die indischen Religionen” (‘Kṣatriya-Faith’ and ‘the Manner of Sacrifice’: Richard Garbe and Indian Religions). In Heidrun Brückner, Kaus Butzenberger, Angelika Malinar, Gabriele Zeller, eds., Indienforschung im Zeitenwandel: Analysen und Dokumente zur Indologie und Religionswissenschaft in Tübingen, 121–43. Tübingen: Attempto.

  • Manjapra, Kris. 2006. “The Illusions of Encounter: Muslim ‘Minds’ and Hindu Revolutionaries in First World War Germany and After.” Journal of Global History 1, 3: 363–82.

  • Manjapra Kris. (2010) M. N. Roy: Marxism and Colonial Cosmopolitanism. London, Routledge

    Google Scholar 

  • Manjapra Kris. (2014) Age of Entanglement: German and Indian Intellectuals across Empire. Harvard University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Marchand Suzanne L. (2009) German Orientalism in the Age of Empire: Religion, Race, and Scholarship. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Moeller van den Bruck, Arthur. 1919. Das Recht der jungen Völker (The Law of Young Nations). Munich: R. Piper.

  • Myers, Perry. 2009. “Leopold von Schroeder’s Imagined India: Buddhist Spirituality and Christian Politics During the Wilhelmine Era.” German Studies Review 32, 3: 619–36.

  • Parr, Rolf. 1999. “Der ‘Werdandi-Bund’ ” (The Werdandi-Association). In Uwe Puschner, Walter Schmitz, and Justus H. Ulbricht, eds., Handuch zur “völkischen Bewegung” 1871–1918, 316–27. Munich: K. G. Saur.

  • Piper Ernst. (2005) Alfred Rosenberg: Hitlers Chefideologe. Karl Blessing, Munich

    Google Scholar 

  • Poewe Karla. (2006) New Religions and the Nazis. Routledge, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Poewe, Karla. 2011. “Sigrid Hunke’s ‘Allahs Sonne’: From völkisch Nazism to Arabic Islam.” Colloque international, Extrémismes Ouest Européens et Monde Arabo-Musulman, 29 septembre, Grenoble, France.

  • Poewe, Karla and Irving Hexham. 2009. “The Völkisch Modernist Beginnings of National Socialism: Its Intrusion into the Church and its Antisemitic Consequence.” Religion Compass 3–4: 676–96.

  • Pollock, Sheldon. 1993. “Deep Orientalism? Notes on Sanskrit and Power Beyond the Raj.” In Carol A. Breckenridge and Peter van der Veer, eds., Orientalism and the Postcolonial Predicament: Perspectives on South Asia, 76–133. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

  • Rosenberg, Alfred.(1935) Der Mythus des 20. Jahrhunderts (The Myth of the Twentieth Century). München, Hoheneichen Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Rösner, Thomas. 1999. “Adolf Bartels.” In Uwe Puschner, Walter Schmitz, and Justus H. Ulbricht, eds., Handuch zur “völkischen Bewegung” 1871– 1918, 874–94. Munich: K. G. Saur.

  • Rubin Barry, Wolfgang G. Schwanitz. (2014) Nazis, Islamists, and the Making of the Modern Middle East. Yale University Press, New Haven

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutkowski, Lothar Stengel von. 1943. Was ist ein Volk? Der biologische Volksbegriff, eine kulturbiologische Untersuchung seiner Definition und seiner Bedeutung für Wissenschaft, Weltanschauung und Politik (What is a Volk? The Biological Concept of Volk, a Culture-Biological Examination of its Definition and its Meaning for Science, Worldview, and Politics). Erfurt: Kurt Stenger.

  • Said Edward W. (1978) Orientalism. Vintage, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Said, Edward W. 1984. “Foreword.” In Raymond Schwab, The Oriental Renaissance: Europe’s Rediscovery of India and the East 1680–1880 (trans. Gene Patterson-King and Victor Reinking), vii–xx. New York: Columbia University Press.

  • Said Edward. (1999) Out of Place. Vintage, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarkar, Benoy Kumar. 1916. The Beginning of Hindu Culture as World- Power (A.D. 300–600). Shanghai: The Commercial Press.

  • Sarkar Benoy Kumar. (1922) The Futurism of Young Asia and Other Essays on the Relations Between the East and the West. Julius Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlegel Friedrich von. (1808) Ueber die Sprache und Weisheit der Indier. (On the Language and Wisdom of India). Mohr und Zimmer, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitz-Berning Cornelia. (2000) Vokabular des Nationalsozialismus (The Vocabulary of National Socialism). de Gruyter, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, Thomas Martin. 2008. “Volksnomostheologie” (Theology of the Law Inherent in the Volk). In Ingo Haar and Michael Fahlbusch, eds., Handbuch der völkischen Wissenschaften, 721–29. Munich: K. G. Saur.

  • Schott, Georg. 1934. Chamberlain der Seher des dritten Reiches: Das Vermächtnis Houston Stewart Chamberlains an das Deutsche Volk (Chamberlain Prophet of the Third Reich: Houston Stewart Chamberlain’s Testament of the German People). Munich: F. Bruckmann.

  • Schreiber, Maximilian. 2008. Walther Wüst: Dekan und Rektor der Universität München, 1935–1945 (Walther Wüst: Deacon and Rector of the University of Munich, 1935–1945). Munich: Herbert Utz.

  • Schroeder, Hans Eggert. 1934. “Der heidnische Charakter der deutschen Romantik” (The Pagan Character of German Romanticism). Deutscher Glaube: Monatsschrift der Deutschen Glaubensbewegung, July: 299– 308.

  • Schroeder Leopold von. (1911) Die Vollendung des arischen Mysteriums in Bayreuth (The Completion of the Aryan Mystery in Bayreuth). J. F. Lehmann’s, Munich

    Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder, Leopold von. 1913. Reden und Aufsätze, vornehmlich über Indiens Literatur und Kultur (Speeches and Essays, Primarily about India’s Literature and Culture). Leipzig: H. Haessel.

  • Schroeder, Leopold von. 1921. Lebenserinnerungen von Leopold v. Schroeder (Memoirs of Leopold v. Schroeder) (ed. Felix von Schroeder). Leipzig: H. Haessel.

  • Schroeder, Leopold von. 1923. Arische Religion. Erster Band: Einleitung. Der Altarische Himmelsgott Das Höchste Gute Wesen (Aryan Religion. Volume 1: Introduction. The Ancient Aryan Heavenly God, The Highest Good Being). Leipzig: H. Haessel.

  • Schwab Raymond. (1950) La renaissance orientale. Payot, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • See Klaus von. (1994) Barbar, Germane, Arier: Die Suche nach der Identität der Deutschen (Barbarian, German, Aryan: The Search for German Identity). C. Winter, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Spengler, Oswald. 1923 [1922]. Der Untergang des Abendlandes (The Decline of the West). Volume 2: Welthistorische Perspektiven (Perspectives of World-History). Munich: C. H. Beck.

  • Spengler Oswald. (1924) Neubau des deutschen Reiches (Reconstruction of the German Reich). C. H. Beck, Munich

    Google Scholar 

  • Stietencron Heinrich von. (2001) Der Hinduismus (Hinduism). C.H. Beck, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Stietencron, Heinrich von. 2003. “Attraktion und Asusstrahlung: Das Wirken Rudolf von Roths” (Attraction and Influence: Rudolf von Roth’s Impact). In Heidrun Brückner, Kaus Butzenberger, Angelika Malinar, Gabriele Zeller, eds., Indienforschung im Zeitenwandel: Analysen und Dokumente zur Indologie und Religionswissenschaft in Tübingen, 77–89. Tübingen: Attempto.

  • Varisco, Daniel Martin. 2012 [2007]. Reading Orientalism: Said and the Unsaid. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

  • Vāsvāni T. L. (1926) Die Gestalter der Zukunft und das arische Ideal (Shapers of the Future and the Aryan Ideal). W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Veeser H. Aram. (2010) Edward Said: The Charisma of Criticism. Routledge, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Wehler Hans-Ulrich. (1998) Die Herausforderung der Kulturgeschichte (The Challenge of Cultural History). Munich, C. H. Beck.

    Google Scholar 

  • Windisch, Ernst. 1917. Geschichte der Sanskrit-Philologie und Indischen Altertumskunde (History of Sanskrit Philology and the Study of Indian Antiquity). Part 1. Strassburg: Von Karl J. Trübner.

  • Windisch, Ernst. 1920. Geschichte der Sanskrit-Philologie und Indischen Altertumskunde (History of Sanskrit Philology and the Study of Indian Antiquity). Part 2. Berlin: Vereinigung Wissenschaftlicher Verleger.

  • Zachariah, Benjamin. 2014. “Indian Political Activities in Germany, 1914–1945.” In Joanne Miyang Cho, Eric Kurlander, and Douglas T. McGetchin, eds., Transcultural Encounters between Germany and India: Kindred Spirits in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, 141– 54. London: Routledge.

  • Zeller, Gabriele. 2003. “Rudolf von Roth als Schüler, Lehrer und Gelehrter im Spiegel von Briefdokumenten” (Rudolf von Roth as Student, Teacher, and Scholar in the Mirror of Letter Documents). In Heidrun Brückner, Kaus Butzenberger, Angelika Malinar, Gabriele Zeller, eds., Indienforschung im Zeitenwandel: Analysen und Dokumente zur Indologie und Religionswissenschaft in Tübingen, 91–118. Tübingen: Attempto.

  • Zentner Christian. (2004) Adolf Hitlers Mein Kampf: Eine kommentierte Auswahl. Ullstein Buchverlage, Munich

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karla Poewe.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Poewe, K., Hexham, I. Surprising Aryan Mediations between German Indology and Nazism: Research and the Adluri/Grünendahl Debate. Hindu Studies 19, 263–300 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11407-015-9180-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11407-015-9180-3

Keywords

  • Knowledge Asset
  • Hindu Study
  • Weimar Republic
  • German Scholar
  • Nazi Party