Skip to main content
Log in

Hypertonie und Dyslipidämie

Hypertension and dyslipidemia

  • Schwerpunkt
  • Published:
Der Gastroenterologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Eine Hypertonie wird häufig von einer Dyslipidämie begleitet. Dies ist zum einen der Fall beim metabolischen Syndrom mit erhöhten Triglyzeriden und erniedrigtem High-density-Lipoprotein(HDL)-Cholesterin. Zum anderen kommen auch Hypertonie und Hypercholesterinämie häufig gemeinsam vor.

Fragestellung

Der Effekt dieser Konstellationen auf das kardiovaskuläre Risiko, Leitlinienempfehlungen zur Reduktion dieses Risikos durch Senkung von Blutdruck und Low-density-Lipoprotein(LDL)-Cholesterin und der aktuelle Stand der Therapie werden dargestellt.

Material und Methode

Es wurden klinische Studien, statistische Erhebungen und Leitlinienempfehlungen ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse

Tritt eine Hypertonie zusammen mit einer Dyslipidämie auf, steigt das kardiovaskuläre Risiko. Das gilt sowohl für die Dyslipidämie im Rahmen des metabolischen Syndroms als auch für die Hypercholesterinämie. Es gilt, dieses Risiko durch eine konsequente Therapie zu senken. Dazu gehört die Blutdrucksenkung, bevorzugt mit einem Renin-Angiotensin-System(RAS)-Blocker in Kombination mit einem Kalziumantagonisten. In der antilipidämischen Therapie spielen Statine eine Schlüsselrolle, da sie das LDL-Cholesterin als ursächlichen Faktor für die Atherosklerose reduzieren und auch pleiotrope Effekte aufweisen. Hypertoniepatienten mit Dyslipidämie benötigen sowohl Antihypertensiva als auch Statine. Um die Voraussetzungen für eine Therapieadhärenz zu verbessern, bieten sich fixe Kombinationen an, die einmal täglich gegeben werden. Inzwischen gibt es auch die Möglichkeit, beide Indikationen mit einem Medikament gleichzeitig zu behandeln.

Schlussfolgerungen

Durch eine konsequente blutdruck- und cholesterinsenkende Therapie kann das erhöhte kardiovaskuläre Risiko von Hypertoniepatienten mit Dyslipidämie wirksam vermindert werden.

Abstract

Background

Hypertension is often accompanied by dyslipidemia. This applies to the metabolic syndrome, on the one hand, characterized by high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. On the other hand, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia are also common.

Objectives

This article describes the impact of these constellations on cardiovascular risk, guideline recommendations and current therapeutic options to reduce this risk by lowering blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.

Materials and methods

Clinical studies, statistical reports and guideline recommendations were analyzed.

Results

Dyslipidemia in addition to hypertension is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. This is the case for the typical dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome as well as for hypercholesterolemia. This risk must be reduced by consequent treatment which includes antihypertensive drugs, preferably with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAS) inhibitors in combination with a calcium antagonist. In lipid lowering therapy, statins play a key role because they reduce LDL cholesterol as a causal factor of atherosclerosis and also show pleiotropic effects. Patients suffering from hypertension and dyslipidemia need both antihypertensive drugs and statins. In order to improve patient adherence, fixed combinations administered as one tablet once daily should be preferred. Today, it is possible to treat both indications with one drug.

Conclusion

The increased cardiovascular risk of patients suffering from hypertension and dyslipidemia can be effectively reduced by a consistent blood pressure and cholesterol lowering therapy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3
Abb. 4
Abb. 5
Abb. 6

Literatur

  1. Baroletti S et al (2010) Medication adherence in cardiovascular disease. Circulation 121:1455–1458

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bosch J et al (2016) Kongress der American Heart Association (AHA). New Orleans, November.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Catapano AL et al (2016) ESC clinical practice guidelines – Dyslipidaemias. www.escardio.org/guidelines. Zugegriffen: 11.05.2017

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chapman RH et al (2005) Predictors of adherence with antihypertensive and lipid-lowering therapy. Arch Intern Med 165:1147–1152

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Chowdhury R et al (2013) Adherence to cardiovascular therapy: a meta-analysis of prevalence and clinical consequences. Eur Heart J 34:2940–2948

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Claxton AJ et al (2001) A systematic review of the associations between dose regimens and medication compliance. Clin Ther 23:1296–1310

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Collins R et al (2016) Interpretation of the evidence for the efficacy and safety of statin therapy. Lancet 388:2532–2561

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Custodis F, Laufs U (2012) Konservative Therapie der Stabilen Koronaren Herzkrankheit. Herz 37(1):85–96

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Custodis F, Laufs U (2015) LDL-Cholesterin: Von der Hypothese zur Kausalität. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 140(10):761–764

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Dahlöf B et al (2005) Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366:895–906

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Egan BM et al (2013) Blood pressure and cholesterol control in hypertensive hypercholesterolemic patients. Circulation 128:29–41

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (2001) Executive summary of the third report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 285:2486–2497

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ference B et al (2016) A naturally randomized trial comparing the effect of long-term exposure to lower LDL-C, lower SBP, or both on the risk of cardiovascular disease. ESC-Kongress, Rom, 29. August, S Abstract 3163

    Google Scholar 

  14. Fung V et al (2007) Hypertension treatment in a medicare population: adherence and systolic blood pressure control. Clin Ther 29(5):972–984

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Gupta AK et al (2010) Compliance, safety, and effectiveness of fixed-dose combinations of antihypertensive agents. A meta-analysis. Hypertension 55:399–407

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Jackson R et al (2005) Treatment with drugs to lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol based on an individual’s absolute cardiovascular risk. Lancet 365(9457):434–441

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Jeppesen J et al (2001) Low triglycerides – high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of ischemic heart disease. Arch Intern Med 161:361–366

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Kannel WB et al (1971) Serum cholesterol, lipoproteins, and the risk of coronary heart disease: the framingham study. Ann Intern Med 74(1):1–12

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Kurella M et al (2005) Metabolic syndrome and the risk for chronic kidney disease among nondiabetic adults. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:2134–2140

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Law MR et al (2003) Quantifying effect of statins on low density lipoprotein cholesterol, ischaemic heart disease, and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br Med J 326:1423–1427

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Law M et al (2009) Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies. Br Med J 338:b1665

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Mazzaglia G et al (2009) Adherence to antihypertensive medications and cardiovascular morbidity among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. Circulation 120:1598–1605

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Neuhauser HK et al (2014) Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in Germany 1998 and 2008-11. J Hum Hypertens. doi:10.1038/jhh.2014.82

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Nicholls SJ et al (2016) Effect of evolocumab on progression of coronary disease in statin-treated patients. The GLAGOV randomized clinical trial. JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.16951

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Ott C, Schmieder RE (2009) The role of statins in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome. Curr Hypertens Rep 11:143–149

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Piepoli MF et al (2016) ESC clinical practice guidelines – CVD prevention. www.escardio.org/guidelines. Zugegriffen: 11.05.2017

    Google Scholar 

  27. Schipf S et al (2010) Prävalenz des Metabolischen Syndroms in Deutschland: Ergebnisse der Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Diabetol Stoffwechs 5(3):161–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Sever PS et al (2006) Blood pressure reduction is not the only determinant of outcome. Circulation 113:2754–2774

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Silverman MG et al (2016) Association between lowering LDL-C and cardiovascular risk reduction among different therapeutic interventions. A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 316(12):1289–1297

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. www.de.statistica.com: Deutschland 2002. Zugegriffen: 11.05.2017

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. E. Schmieder.

Ethics declarations

Interessenkonflikt

R.E. Schmieder ist Berater und Referent für AstraZeneca, Berlin-Chemie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Novartis, Servier.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine vom Autor durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

Additional information

Redaktion

J.F. Riemann, Ludwigshafen

P.-M. Schumm-Dräger, München

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Schmieder, R.E. Hypertonie und Dyslipidämie. Gastroenterologe 12, 294–299 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-017-0175-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-017-0175-z

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation