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Blähungen und Reizdarmsyndrom (RDS)

Bloating and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

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Zusammenfassung

Patienten mit funktionellen Verdauungsbeschwerden wie dem Reizdarmsyndrom (RDS) beklagen häufig Blähungen und ein aufgetriebenes Abdomen. Das subjektive Gefühl eines aufgeblähten Bauches, welches nicht zwangsläufig mit einer objektiven Zunahme des Abdomenumfangs einhergehen muss, wird als Blähungen oder Meteorismus bezeichnet. Bei Patienten mit RDS konnten Störungen der intestinalen Gasdynamik bei gleichzeitiger viszeraler Hypersensibilität als eine wesentliche Ursache für Blähungen nachgewiesen werden. Eine weitere Ursache könnte die Abdomenumfangszunahme auch ohne Erhöhung des Darmvolumens sein. Dies kann durch eine abnorme Relaxation der anterioren Bauchmuskulatur oder eine Fehlregulation des Tonus der Zwerchfellmuskulatur verursacht werden. Die Vielschichtigkeit der Problematik bedingt individuelle Strategien und komplexe Therapieansätze mit dem Ziel einer Normalisierung der Darmtätigkeit und -empfindung.

Abstract

Complaints such as abdominal bloating and distension are frequent in patients with functional intestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Bloating or meteorism is defined as the subjective perception of abdominal distension and does not necessarily accompany objective abdominal distension. Disturbances of intestinal gas dynamics with hypersensitivity has been detected as a significant cause of bloating in IBS patients. Abdominal distension with no increase in bowel contents (e. g., by abnormal relaxation of the anterior abdominal muscles or phrenic dysregulation) is another important mechanism of bloating. The multilayered problem of abdominal bloating and distension, especially in IBS patients, requires individual strategies and complex therapies with the goal of normalizing intestinal activity and patient perception.

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  1. II. Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Deutschland

    A.C. Hernando-Harder, M.V. Singer &  H. Harder

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  1. A.C. Hernando-Harder
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  2. M.V. Singer
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  3. H. Harder
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Correspondence to H. Harder.

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Hernando-Harder, A., Singer, M. & Harder, H. Blähungen und Reizdarmsyndrom (RDS). Gastroenterologe 3, 480–487 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-008-0212-z

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