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Concomitant biocontrol of pepper Phytophthora blight by soil indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi via upfront film-mulching with reductive fertilizer and tobacco waste

  • Soils, Sec 5 • Soil and Landscape Ecology • Research Article
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

Both reductive disinfestation and germicide can suppress Phytophthora blight, while soil arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi also have biocontrol effects on soilborne diseases. However, the combined effects of reductive disinfestation and botanical germicide [e.g., tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) waste] on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Phytophthora blight and soil AM fungi are at present unclear. The purposes of this work were to develop application strategy for dealing with pepper Phytophthora blight, and to explore the concomitant contribution from soil indigenous AM fungi.

Materials and methods

A field experiment with four treatments was carried out in a pepper continuous planting field, including normal film-mulching with common fertilizer (control), normal film-mulching with reductive fertilizer (RF), upfront film-mulching with reductive fertilizer (UM+RF), and upfront film-mulching with reductive fertilizer and tobacco waste (UM+RF+TW). Phytophthora blight severity index, root mycorrhizal colonization rate, and the biomass and nutrient (N, P, and K) concentrations of shoots, roots, and fruits of pepper were measured. Soil pH, organic C, mineral N, available P, available K, acid phosphatase activity, and AM fungal abundance were also tested. The Pearson correlation analysis was carried out among plant and soil parameters.

Results and discussion

RF tended to increase pepper fruit yield compared with control, and UM+RF tended to decrease Phytophthora blight severity in relative to RF, while UM+RF+TW tended to decrease blight severity and increase fruit yield compared with UM+RF, and had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower blight severity and a significantly higher fruit yield in comparison with control. UM+RF+TW also significantly decreased soil pH, and significantly increased AM fungal population and colonization, as well as soil acid phosphatase activity and available P concentration. In addition, UM+RF+TW had a significantly higher fruit K accumulation ratio, which negatively correlated with blight severity and positively correlated with fruit yield. However, fruit K accumulation ratio positively correlated with fruit P accumulation ratio, which was greatly elevated by the enhanced mycorrhizal colonization.

Conclusions

The coalition of reductive disinfestation (upfront film-mulching with reductive fertilizer) and tobacco waste had the greatest suppression of pepper Phytophthora blight, and the highest fruit yield and AM fungal population. It suggests that combined application of reductive disinfestation and botanical germicide has superposition in inhibiting Phytophthora blight and increasing fruit yield, and there seems to be a concomitant biocontrol by soil indigenous AM fungi which could enhance P and K transfer from plant to fruit.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Mr. Wendong Ge, Yangguo Tan, and Jiu’an Tan for their support on the field experiment, and to two anonymous reviewers for their useful suggestions on manuscript revision.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Key R & D Program (2017YFD0200603) and National Natural Science Foundation (No.41671265) of China, the Knowledge Innovation Program (ISSASIP1634) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and the Development Center of Characteristic Agricultural Industries, Shizhu county, Chongqing city, China. Junli Hu is supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association (No. 2016285), CAS.

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  1. Shaowei Hou and Yu Zhang are joint first authors with equal contribution.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3, Yangling, 712100, People’s Republic of China

    Shaowei Hou & Fuyong Wu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East Beijing Road 71, Nanjing, 210008, People’s Republic of China

    Shaowei Hou, Yu Zhang, Minghui Li, Homgmin Liu, Junli Hu & Xiangui Lin

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Junli Hu

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  1. Shaowei Hou
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Correspondence to Fuyong Wu or Junli Hu.

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Hou, S., Zhang, Y., Li, M. et al. Concomitant biocontrol of pepper Phytophthora blight by soil indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi via upfront film-mulching with reductive fertilizer and tobacco waste. J Soils Sediments 20, 452–460 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-019-02393-5

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