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Phosphorus and carbon status of a paddy soil under different fertilization regimes

  • Soils, Sec 2 • Global Change, Environ Risk Assess, Sustainable Land Use • Research Article
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Abstract

Purpose

Phosphorus (P) in soil particulate fraction (PF; >53 μm) is suggested to have a significant importance in soil P cycling. However, the effects of continuous fertilization on P-PF and its association with soil organic carbon (SOC) in paddy soils have not been well studied.

Materials and methods

We sampled paddy soils at 0–20 cm from a long-term field experiment (initiated in 1981) conducted under humid subtropical conditions in China, which has five fertilization treatments with equivalent P input (135 kg P2O5 ha−1 year−1) except the control treatment (CK). Changes in total P (Pt), inorganic P (Pi), organic P (Po), and SOC under different fertilization managements were evaluated in the whole soil, in the PF, and in the mineral-associated fraction (MAF; <53 μm).

Results and discussion

Continuous fertilization increased the contents of SOC and P in all soil fractions. Both Po and organic carbon in PF were the most sensitive variables to fertilization, indicating that they constitute a useful tool to detect the effects of management practices. Among the fertilization treatments, organic amendments significantly increased Po-PF contents more than chemical fertilizer applied only (p < 0.05), although they had equivalent P input. The paddy soil without fertilization showed a more significant decrease in Pi compared with Po. The SOC/Po ratios were significantly lower in fertilization treatments (especially those with manure or straw incorporation) than in CK and decreased from PF to MAF. A significant relationship was found between Po-PF contents and rice P uptake during the growing season.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate that Po-PF may also play a significant role in P cycling of paddy soil, and thus, it would be better to consider Po-PF in soil diagnosis to promote P management of paddy soil, especially for that under long-term organic amendments.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41401234) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (Nos. 20151BAB214007 and 20122BAB204004). We thank Caiyun Zhou, Yufeng Wu, Yue Dong, and Jianwen Qiu for their skillful assistance in laboratory and field work. Anonymous reviewers are also thanked for their valuable criticisms and comments, which led to substantial improvements of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental and Land Resource Management, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China

    Zongqiang Wei, Jianfu Wu, Xiao Yan & Guorong Ni

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  1. Zongqiang Wei
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  2. Jianfu Wu
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  3. Xiao Yan
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  4. Guorong Ni
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Correspondence to Zongqiang Wei.

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Responsible editor: Chengrong Chen

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Wei, Z., Wu, J., Yan, X. et al. Phosphorus and carbon status of a paddy soil under different fertilization regimes. J Soils Sediments 16, 1727–1734 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-016-1363-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-016-1363-z

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